Brodiaea orcuttii

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Brodiaea orcuttii
Systematics
Monocots
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Asparagaceae (Asparagaceae)
Subfamily : Brodiaeoideae
Genre : Brodiaea
Type : Brodiaea orcuttii
Scientific name
Brodiaea orcuttii
( Greene ) Baker

Brodiaea orcuttii is a species of the genus Brodiaea in the asparagus family (Asparagaceae). It may only be found in the southern part of the western US state of California .

description

Vegetative characteristics

Brodiaea orcuttii grows as a perennial herbaceous plant . Plant tubers are formed as persistence organs . One to six narrow leaves are produced per tuber during the growing season.

Generative characteristics

The flowering time in California is in spring in May. The slender inflorescence stem is 8 to 25 inches long. At the end of the inflorescence stem there is an open, golden inflorescence . The bracts also cases, this is still in bud during the inflorescence, not completely. There are also cover sheets . The flower stalk is 1 to 5 inches long.

The hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and threefold. There are two circles, each with three bracts , which are fused at their base. The three outer bracts are 5 to 7 millimeters wide and slightly wider than the inner three, which are 3 to 5 millimeters wide. The six purple bracts have grown together to form a funnel-shaped, translucent flower tube with a length of 3 to 7 millimeters, which pops open until the fruit is ripe. The corolla is 14 to 20 millimeters long and the free part of the bracts is usually more than twice as long as the flower tube. The free part of the bracts is broadly spread out with a length of 12 to 19 millimeters. Brodiaea orcuttii is the only Brodiaea species that does not have three sterile stamens, i.e. staminodes . The three fertile stamens are located opposite the inner bracts and are also fused at the base of the envelope. The stamens are 4 to 6 millimeters long. The size and shape of the stamens and the structures at the base of the stamens are important determinants for the Brodiaea species. The anthers are linear with a length of 4 to 6 millimeters and the upper end has a V-shaped notch. Three carpels are long to a 4 to 6 millimeters, three crests membered ovary grown. The 7 to 11 millimeter long stylus ends in a three-lobed scar .

The egg-shaped capsule fruits open in folds = loculicide. The seeds are black.

The basic chromosome number is x = 12, there is diploidy with a chromosome number of 2n = 24.

Occurrence and endangerment

Brodiaea orcuttii occurs only in the southern California counties, southern Riverside County and San Diego County . Herbarium evidence is available for the Mexican state of Baja California , but there are no recent finds there.

It thrives in grasslands near flowing waters or ephemeral still waters at altitudes from 0 to 1600 meters.

Brodiaea orcuttii was once common on Kearney Mesa north of San Diego. The area in San Diego County has been largely destroyed by anthropogenic influences, the last remaining stocks are in a military restricted area.

Taxonomy

The first description was in 1886 under the name ( Basionym ) Hookera orcuttii Greene by Edward Lee Greene in Bulletin of the California Academy of Sciences , Volume 2, 6, page 138. The new combination to Brodiaea orcuttii (Greene) Baker was in 1896 by John Gilbert Baker in The Gardeners' Chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. Series 3, Volume 20, page 214 published. The specific epithet orcuttii honors the American naturalist and plant hunter Charles Russell Orcutt (1864–1929). Other synonyms for Brodiaea orcuttii (Greene) Baker are: Brodiaea filifolia var. Orcuttii (Greene) Jeps. , Hookera multipedunculata Abrams .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Brodiaea orcuttii. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved January 4, 2020.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l J. Chris Pires: In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Hrsg.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 26: Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 2002, ISBN 0-19-515208-5 . Brodiaea orcuttii (Greene) Baker , p. 326 - the same text online as the printed work .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g J. Chris Pires, Robert E. Preston: Brodiaea , 2012: Brodiaea orcuttii data sheet in Jepson Flora Project (ed.): Jepson eFlora .
  4. ↑ a b c Brodiaea orcuttii at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 4, 2020.

Web links