Biedesheim Castle

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Biedesheim Castle
Burgrest Biedesheim from the west (2018)

Burgrest Biedesheim from the west (2018)

Creation time : around 1370
Castle type : Niederungsburg, location
Conservation status: Burgstall
Standing position : Count
Place: Biedesheim
Geographical location 49 ° 36 '13 "  N , 8 ° 6' 12"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 36 '13 "  N , 8 ° 6' 12"  E
Height: 260  m above sea level NHN
Biedesheim Castle (Rhineland-Palatinate)
Biedesheim Castle

The castle Biedesheim is an Outbound Wasserburg in the northwest of the local church Biedesheim in Donnersbergkreis in Rheinland-Pfalz .

Building stock

Only sparse remnants of the surrounding wall have survived from the former castle complex, which is also evidenced by the nearby street names “Östlicher Burggraben ” and “Westlicher Burggraben”, as well as the hallway marking “Hinterm Burggraben” .

The remaining remainder extends to the street "Östlicher Burggraben" and begins as the northern boundary of the property "Östlicher Burggraben" 8. At the eastern end of the property, the wall makes a right angle and leads south to the "Kapellenquelle" approx. 100 m away or the Brübelbach fed by it. There, too, low old masonry has been preserved. The east wall of today's castle rests in a straight line from the north towards the source and turns there a little further to the east, along the Bruebelbach, which is fed by the source . According to local tradition, the "chapel spring", which is now covered by a well house, refers to the former castle chapel.

The north-east corner of the “Östlicher Burggraben” property 8 is the best preserved part of the wall. Here it is about 3 m high and about 60 cm thick. The corner itself has collapsed, leaving two pieces of the northern and eastern walls positioned at right angles to each other, approx. 20 m long. They have 3 slits (2 in the north wall, 1 in the east wall) and the east wall has a slight curve towards the outside at the southern end, in which one suspects the rest of a flank tower.

On the west side of the eastern moat there are two long medieval walls which, due to their appearance, could also be the remains of castle buildings. One is the approx. 60 cm thick and 4 meter high boundary wall of the property on Hauptstraße 52 towards the moat, the other adjoins to the north, as a street boundary wall of the new building property Östlicher Burggraben 1 a. The latter is about 60 cm thick and 3 meters high at the top, and up to 1 meter thick in the base area.

history

Around 1370 a castle at "Bussesheim" was first mentioned in a document. The counts of Leiningen pledged castle and reign from 1371 to various low noble families, including the Knights of Morschheim from Flersheim and of Wachenheim . 1412 Conrad IX received. von Weinsberg a quarter of the castle and village of Biedesheim, as a still outstanding dowry from his mother Anna von Leiningen († 1413). In 1420 another quarter of the village and castle was given to the Archdiocese of Mainz as pledge . In 1423 Count Emich VI. Here in the "Veste Busenheim", Electoral Palatinate castle fief of Wolfsberg , an official seat, since 1448 the castle was owned by his son, Count Bernhard von Leiningen- Hardenburg . In 1460 it was conquered by Elector Friedrich the Victorious as part of Leininger inheritance disputes after a four-day siege . A year later, the burned kurpfälzische Vogt of Neustadt down the castle. The obviously renovated complex was stormed again in 1470 by troops from the Electorate of the Palatinate and finally razed.

After that, the former castle served as a manor; in 1505 it was only called the castle stables .

In his "Attempt at a geographical-historical-statistical description of the royal Bavarian Rhine district" (Volume 3, Speyer, 1837, pp. 329 and 330), the local historian Michael Frey erroneously assigned the war events around Burg Biedesheim from 1460, 1461 and 1470 to the same The Liningian village of Bissersheim , where there never was a castle. He also states that there, in 1389, a collator named “Fidelin”, in addition to the village church, names an oratory (house chapel) “Our Lady”. In other sources that also relate this to Bissersheim, he is referred to as "Johannis Fidelis von Wachenheim" or "Johann Fidelius von Wachenheim", that is, a member of one of those noble families to which Biedesheim Castle was pledged in the 14th century. There may also be a mix-up here, as in relation to the war events, due to the changing local spelling. The oratorio collature "Our Lady" could refer to the castle chapel of Biedesheim.

gallery

  • Biedesheim castle wall, eastern part, on the right approach of a curve

  • Castle wall Biedesheim northern part

  • Biedesheim castle wall from the outside (east)

  • Exit of the chapel spring under the fountain house

  • Kapellenquelle or Brübelbach with old masonry, in the background the main remains of the castle

  • Kapellenquelle or Brübelbach with old masonry

  • Eastern moat, boundary wall of the property at Hauptstraße 52

  • Eastern moat, boundary wall of the property 1 a

literature

  • Jürgen Keddigkeit , Alexander Thon, Karl Scheurer, Rolf Übel : Palatinate Castle Lexicon, Volume 1: AE . 2nd Edition. Institute for Palatine History and Folklore, Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern 2003, ISBN 3-927754-51-X , pp. 270-272.
  • Markus Hoffmann: Die Verbandsgemeinde Göllheim: A cultural and historical travel guide , Verbandsgemeindeverwaltung Göllheim, 1997, p. 52 u. 55
  • Hans Finck: Festschrift 1225 years of the Biedesheim community, Biedesheim local community, 2007, p. 9

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Carl Jäger: Die Burg Weinsberg, called Weibertreue: Description and history for travelers and friends of the area , Heilbronn, 1825, p. 115; (Digital scan)
  2. ↑ Christiane Mathies: Elector League and Kingship in the Time of the Hussite Wars: the electoral imperial policy against Sigmund in the power center of the Middle Rhine , in: Volume 32 of sources and treatises on Middle Rhine Church history , p. 37, self-published by the Society for Middle Rhine Church History, 1978; (Detail scan)
  3. ^ Johann Georg Lehmann : Documented history of the castles and mountain palaces in the former districts, counties and lordships of the Bavarian Palatinate , Volume 3, Kaiserslautern, 1860, p. 139 u. 150; (Digital scan 1) ; (Digital scan 2)
  4. ^ Michael Frey : Attempt at a geographical-historical-statistical description of the royal Bavarian Rhine district, Volume 3, Speyer, 1837, p. 329 u. 330; (Digital scan, however the author confused Biedesheim with Bissersheim at this point)
  5. ^ Johann Georg Lehmann : Brief history of the Bavarian Palatinate: first for teachers, then also for every educated and friend of the patriotic history , Frankenthal, 1842, p. 56; (Digital scan)
  6. ^ Entry on Biedesheim Castle in the private database "Alle Burgen". with a note that there is no documentary evidence of a Bissersheim castle and that it has probably been confused with Biedesheim
  7. ^ Digital scan of the oratorio "Our Lady", from the named source
  8. ^ Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts , Volume 59, Leipzig, 1749, column 166; (Digital scan)
  9. ↑ Historical-Political-Geographical Atlas of the Whole World. Volume 13. Verlag Johann Samuel Heinsius, Leipzig, 1750, column 1176; (Digital scan)