Borghausen Castle
| Borghausen Castle | ||
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 Borghausen Castle ruins |
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| Creation time : | circa 14th century | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, spur location | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Standing position : | Ganerbe | |
| Construction: | Quarry stone | |
| Place: | Attendorn | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 8 '52 " N , 7 ° 59' 46" E | |
| Height: | 288 m above sea level NHN | |
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The castle Borghausen is the ruin of a Spur castle at Borghausen , in the field of city Attendorn in Olpe district in North Rhine-Westphalia .
geography
The hilltop castle is 288 m above sea level. NHN about one kilometer northwest of the Peperburg on the Breiten Hagen , a 60 meter high rock massif of the Attendorn-Elsper double hollow , which slopes steeply to the Lenne and Repetal and is designated as a nature reserve Breiter Hagen (Attendorn) .
Distinguished from the castle is the courtyard or Gut Borghausen (sometimes incorrectly referred to as Gut Oberbamenohl ; however, this was located in today's castle park of Haus Bamenohl ). The estate was located below the castle in the Repetal, in the area of today's Borghausen sewage treatment plant. In the original cadastre from 1831 and in the first recording from 1840 it can be seen that the building had a moat .
history
Beginnings up to the 16th century
The beginnings of the castle are unknown, but there is a Wallenburg Enphase investing in the younger Iron Age near. Found costume jewelry made of metal (a head of a Tutulusnadel west hessian type and a Armring with Wulstgruppendekor) locates the castle in the culture space of Lahn-victory group on the north edge of the Celtic civilization during Latènezeit (Lt B2-C), ie in the time between 380 and 150 BC.
The 12th century is likely to be the period for the construction of the actual castle. In the castle, a larger number of pieces of pottery was found and this for pings village-like r earthenware from the 11th to the 13th century and Paffrather goods as it was in the 11th and 12th centuries in use and expired in the 13th century. Most of the pottery found belongs to the 14th / 15th centuries. Century.
The history of the castle was always closely linked to that of the Bamenohl family: Heidenreich von Plettenberg , whose wife Angela von Heggen had brought a share from Bamenohl into the marriage, united the two estates of Bamenohl and Borghausen in his hand as early as the middle of the 15th century . The claim that the castle is identical to Babenohl Castle cannot be substantiated by sources.
The Borghausen manor or manor came into being when Bernhard Vogt von Elspe took up residence around 1540 on the Borghausen farm in the valley , which he and his brothers had inherited from the division of the estate in 1539.
17th century
On May 20, 1609, the Borghausen court was pledged by Wilhelm von Neuhoff and his wife Ursula von Hatzfeld zu Ahausen to the married couple Dietrich and Catharina von Hatzfeld zu Schwarzenberg . On May 9, 1622, the Archbishop and Elector Ferdinand of Cologne enfeoffed the brothers Friedrich and Johann Gottfried von Fürstenberg with the offices of Bilstein and Waldenburg as well as the Lenneamt.
According to a tax estimate from 1631, Bernt Vogt (von Elspe) still lived at Borghausen Castle with a servant, a servant, three boys, three girls and a cattle girl. In 1632 the castle was stormed by Hessian-Swedish troops under Colonel von Linteloe during the Thirty Years' War . After the castle was destroyed, Bernhard Vogt von Elspe is said to have hidden for a long time in the so-called Küllenloch from the farmers and soldiers, where his loyal servant provided him with food during this time.
On July 5, 1649, Johann Bernhard Vogt von Elspe zu Borghausen , son of the deceased married couple Bernhard Christoph Vogt von Elspe and Walburg , née married. von Fürstenberg , the Mechthild Katharina von dem Broel called Plater . He owns the Borghausen house , "on a rock spur above the left bank of the Lenne". As a morning gift, the bride receives the Plattenhof in Kirchhelden (near the church). The marriage resulted in a total of nine children, of which only the youngest was not born in Borghausen, but at Haus Westhemmerde around 1673 . Vogt von Elspe moved with his family to Westhemmerde, where he kept his headquarters from now on.
On July 30, 1690, Konrad Wilhelm Vogt von Elspe zu Westhemmerde and Borghausen and Jobst Edmund Michael Christoph von Beckman and his wife Sybilla Elisabeth von der Heesen signed a 16-year lease for the noble house of Borghausen. This is probably again the Borghausen estate.
18th century
November 4, 1706: New Borghausen lease between Konrad Wilhelm Vogt von Elspe zu Westhemmerde and Borghausen and Franciscus Andreas Antonius Ausel and his wife Helena Burghoff.
In 1790 the Princely Oranien-Nassau Obersthofmeister Baron Voigt von Elspe called himself von Voss, heir to Rodenberg , Westhemmerde, Bamenohl, Borghausen, Werl and Oevinghausen .
Borghausen remained in the possession of the bailiffs of Elspe until the 18th century, although not always in a straight line of tribes. Gisbert Moritz Vogt von Elspe was the last to die on the night of March 11th to 12th, 1800 at the age of 80 as Chief Chamberlain Wilhelm von Oranien-Nassaus in The Hague . In his will, he decreed that his niece Anna Luise Gisbertine von Bodelschwingh , nee Vogt von Elspe is used. Their daughter from their second marriage, Christine Sophie Luise , marries Baron Karl Wilhelm Georg von Plettenberg in 1788 , whose family still owns the ruin today.
In 1987 the castle ruins including the section wall were entered in the list of monuments of the city of Attendorn.
investment
The rubble stones of the castle complex were used by the residents of the surrounding villages as building material for the construction of their houses, so that today only the dilapidated ruins of the castle can be seen. The foundations of a tower on the northern rock nose, which protrudes into the Lenne and Repetal, as well as some angular cellars can still be seen.
The castle was secured by an upstream section wall , which completely cordoned off the Benner plateau from the mountain spur 200 meters in front of the complex. Access to the castle was probably not via the plateau, but via a ravine from the Repetal to the section wall and from here over the mountain spur to the castle complex. Furthermore, the wall of the Lenne, preserved at the foot of the mountain range, could also have belonged to the castle complex. This quarry stone wall, which is up to 3 meters high, along the old Lenne bed has been removed up to the level of the area behind it. The actual access to the castle could have been made from the valley, at the point where the Repebach flows into the Lenne.
Nature has overgrown the remains of the ruin with trees and plants, so that the decline continues. In the past, robbery graves dug for objects several times without the permission of the owner and the Office for the Preservation of Monuments.
literature
- Klaus Basner: House Westhemmerde: History of a Westphalian aristocratic residence from the beginnings to around 1800 . City of Unna, Unna 2004, ISBN 3-927082-48-1 .
- Dr. Joseph Brill: The history of the parish of Elspe . Self-published, 1948.
- Sigrid Lukanow: The Förde Castle - Peperburg - near Grevenbrück . In: Kreisarchiv Olpe in conjunction with the Kreisheimatbund Olpe eV (ed.): Series of the Olpe series B . No. 1 . Olpe 1997.
- Jens Friedhoff , Joachim Zeune: Theiss Castle Guide Sauerland and Siegerland: 70 castles and palaces . Theiss, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8062-1706-8 .
- Friedrich W. Schulte: The dispute over South Westphalia in the late Middle Ages: the Counts of the Mark, the Archbishops of Cologne; in the spotlight: Schwarzenberg Castle . Mönnig, Iserlohn 1997, ISBN 3-922885-86-1 .
- Bendix Trier : excavations and finds in Westphalia-Lippe . Ed .: Westphalian Museum of Archeology . Zabern, Mainz 1984, ISBN 3-8053-0799-3 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Peter Glüsing: Eastern Latèneeinflüsse in Early Iron Age cultures of North West Germany . In: Claus Ahrens (Hrsg.): Hammaburg - Pre- and early history from the Lower Elbian area . New episode 3/4. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1977, ISBN 978-3-529-01352-2 , pp. 47-60 .
- ^ Bernhard Sicherheitsl: Iron Age fortifications in Westphalia . In: Celtic Influences in Northern Central Europe during the Middle and Later Pre-Roman Iron Age . Files from the international colloquium in Osnabrück from March 29 to April 1, 2006. Volume 9 . Dr. Rudolf Habelt, Bonn 2007, ISBN 978-3-7749-3501-3 , p. 107-151 .
- ^ A b Günther Becker: Settlement history of the Repeggebiet up to the early Prussian period . In: Otto Höffer (Ed.): Series of publications by the city of Attendorn . The repetal. On the history of the parishes of Helden and Dünschede with contributions by Rainer Ahrweiler, Günther Becker and others. tape 3 , 2008, p. 14–63 , 40 ( [1] [PDF; accessed November 29, 2018]).
- ↑ a b c Josef Boerger: 1000 years of Förde-Grevenbrück . FX Ruegenberg, Olpe 1946 ( [2] [accessed November 29, 2018]).
- ^ Albert K. Hömberg : Church games Attendorn and Heroes, cities of Drolshagen and Olpe . In: Historical Commission for Westphalia (ed.): Historical news about noble seats and manors in the Duchy of Westphalia and their owners . tape 9 , 1975, DNB 750313161 , p. 123 .
- ↑ Attendorn, Historical Diary
Web links
- Entry by Jens Friedhoff about Borghausen Castle in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute