Buben Castle
| Buben Castle | ||
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 View from the 3rd gate into the main palace |
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| Alternative name (s): | Drum castle | |
| Creation time : | after 1330 | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, spur location | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Place: | Plešnice | |
| Geographical location | 49 ° 46 '48.4 " N , 13 ° 11' 25.9" E | |
| Height: | 350 m nm | |
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The ruins of Buben Castle (German drum castle ) are located four kilometers west of Město Touškov in the area of the municipality of Plešnice in the Stříbrská pahorkatina ( Mieser hill country ) in the Czech Republic.
geography
The ruin of the spur castle is located at the settlement of Zámecký Mlýn ( castle mill ) on the right side above the valley of the Mže / Mies . In addition to the Mže, to which the rock spur slopes down to the east, the Úlický brook, also called Plešnický brook, flows around the spur in the west and north.
Surrounding places are Zámecký Mlýn and Újezd nade Mží in the northeast, Samota and Město Touškov in the east, Dobronice and U Chaloupků in the southeast, Plešnice in the southwest and Hracholusky in the west. Two kilometers to the north-west is the dam of the Hracholusky dam . The Plzeň – Cheb railway runs south .
history
Based on preserved architectural features, it is believed that the castle was built at the beginning of the second third of the 14th century. It is possible that the lords of Girschen ( z Jeřeně ), related to the Bavor von Strakonitz , from whom Charles IV had taken the feud from Netschetin with Preitenstein in 1333 , built Buben Castle as their new seat.
The castle was first mentioned in writing in 1349 in a document from Charles IV, in which he renewed the toll and passage rights between Pilsen and Buben Castle pledged to Jost von Rosenberg and his brothers by his father, King John of Bohemia , to Peter von Rosenberg . In 1379, Hermann von Girschen and Netschetin ( Heřman z Jeřeně a Nečtin ) is documented as the owner of several surrounding villages, which are later listed as part of the castle rule Buben. In 1394, Hermann von Girschen and Netschetin can also be documented as the owner of Buben Castle. He was followed by Ewan von Netschetin after 1415, who fought the Hussites in the Battle of Nekmíř . After his death in 1431, the castle was administered for Ewan's widow Jitka von Hrádek and her daughter Jitka von Netschetin on the basis of a contract signed in 1415 by Wilhelm von Netschetin and Johann von Raupow. In 1437 Wilhelm von Wolfstein and his sons took over from Wilhelm von Netschetin as administrator. In 1446 Johann von Raupow sold his rights to Johann and Nikolaus von Guttenstein, who occupied the castle. Jitka von Netschetin filed a lawsuit against this and asserted her claims. The legal dispute was finally settled through a marriage between Johann von Guttenstein and Jitka von Netschetin. Jitka Přech von Kunratice later married and in 1448 sold her rights to the Buben estate with the castle, the villages of Plešnice , Kníje, Jezná, Hracholusky, Vejprnice , Vochov and Sedlec and the castle mill to her mother. In 1456 Johann and Nikolaus von Guttenstein had to vacate the castle after a successful lawsuit by Jitka von Netschetin. Before 1465 Jitka von Netschetin entered into another marriage with Ulrich Janowsky von Janowitz. This fought on the side of Georg von Podiebrad against Matthias Corvinus . Ulrich's sons Heinrich and Hermann were only able to hold the property for a short time after their father's death. After the area was occupied by Matthias Corvinus' troops in 1471, the Janowsky von Janowitz gave the Buben castle to Jan Panuška von Laštovice. The court judge of Matthias Corvinus brokered the sale of the castle to Peter Chlumczansky von Prestawlk ( Petr Chlumčanský z Přestavlk ), granting the Janowsky brothers free discounts. When they left the castle, they were attacked and robbed by the burgrave of Radyně Peter Kořenský of Terešov, who was a robber baron in the area. In the first half of the 16th century, the Chlumczansky von Prestawlk relocated the manor from Buben Castle and left it to decay; in 1544 the castle was only referred to as an accessory to their possessions. In 1563 Johann Chlumczansky von Prestawlk sold the manor and castle Buben for 3850 shock groschen to the brothers Georg and Josef Ulrich von Ullitz and Pleschnitz ( Úlický z Plešnic ). Four years later the castle was described as desolate.
In 1648 the Benedictine monastery Kladruby acquired the rule of Pleschnitz with the desert castle Buben and added it to the Czemin monastery . After the dissolution of the monastery in 1785, its goods fell to the religious fund, which handed the Czemin estate over to Johann Freiherr von Erben († 1816) in lease in 1790 . In 1816 Johann von Erben bought the property from the long-term lease. The following owners were his son Josef († 1832) and then his widow Bertha, who sold the estate to Johann Anton von Stark in 1840. In 1883 he bequeathed the estate to the owners of the Štěnovice estate . At the turn of the century, the owners of Czemin changed in quick succession; In 1912 the Pleschnitz estate was separated from Czemin and half of it was sold to Heinrich Finger from Tuschkau and Julius Bleyer from Weipert . This enabled the Czech Tourist Club to carry out repairs on the ruins. In July 1927 the Czechoslovak Tourist Club (KČT) bought the ruins, including the surrounding forests and meadows. Between 1929 and 1932, the KČT carried out extensive repairs and in 1932 had the Schwarzova chata ( Schwarzova chata ) built below the castle with a restaurant and overnight stay. After the KČT was dissolved in 1948 when the communists came to power, the castle was transferred to the legal ownership of the Czechoslovak gymnastics community. In 1953 the castle ruins became state property. The Schwarzova chata was closed in the 1960s. Extensive repairs were carried out in 1991, but unsuitable building materials were used. As a result of the progressive leaching of the cement used for the repair, parts of the restored walls collapsed again. In 1995 the Schwarzova chata was reopened.
Between 2008 and 2013, the lower bastion, restored in 1991, shifted due to the too watery concrete used and too high static load. In 2011 the footbridge over the Mže was washed away, so that the castle could only be reached from Plešnice. The lower bastion collapsed on April 10, 2013, its rubble hindering the ascent from the Mže to the castle.
Until 2009, the Excalibur civic association took care of the preservation of the ruins. In 2010 the Czech state transferred the castle ruins to the municipality of Plešnice for a symbolic price.
The castle and the noble family of Bubna
Buben Castle is considered to be the ancestral seat of the von Bubna family . Members of this sex can, however, never be proven to have owned the castle. Possibly they are descended from the gentlemen von Girschen and Netschetin.
In 1172 a Gumpold von Buben is in a deed of donation for the grave of St. Wenceslaus listed as a witness in Prague. Details about his person are not known.
It was not until the end of the 14th century that the predicate of Buben in persona of Stach von Buben auf Hrádek, first mentioned in 1394, can be proven, who also owns the Wildstein Castle and the Dolany Manor located four kilometers northwest of the Buben Castle, which is now flooded with the Hracholusky reservoir was. Stach von Buben worked in Eastern Bohemia as Burgrave of Neubidschow and Pottenstein . His sons Václav Varlejch, Racek von Buben and Držkaj von Hrádek founded the branch of the Warlich von Bubna family. Stach's brother Otto is the founder of the count's line of boys.
investment
The castle complex lies on an originally unwooded spur between the Mže and the Úlický potok, which stretches from northwest to southeast. Without the trenches, it is 100 meters long and around 30–40 wide. Because the castle hill has been forested since the 1920s, the ruins are hidden in the forest. The castle hill also no longer offers a view.
Large parts of the defensive wall and the walls of the castle core have been preserved, with the exception of the watchtower that stood on a south-western rock. Furthermore, parts of the tower palace have been preserved in the rear southwest part of the complex. Only the foundation walls of the small hall in the 28 × 14 m castle courtyard are left. In addition, the remains of the walls of the first castle gate in the southeastern outer bailey and the third castle gate are visible. Larger sections of the kennel wall have been preserved, especially on the east side ; the collapse of the wall on April 10, 2013 caused severe damage.
In front of the remains of the first castle gate, the neck moat is preserved on the southeast side of the spur , over which a wooden drawbridge once led into the castle. On today's way to Plešnice, the neck ditch is carved into the rock like a ravine.
The complex has been protected as a cultural monument since 1958.
