Waldenfels Castle (Malsch)

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Waldenfels Castle
Location and structure of the castle

Location and structure of the castle

Alternative name (s): Waldenfels Castle in the Spielfinken, huze to Waldenvelse
Creation time : around 1086
Castle type : Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status: Wall remains, ramparts
Standing position : Nobles
Construction: Red sandstone
Place: Malsch (Karlsruhe district)
Geographical location 48 ° 51 '58.3 "  N , 8 ° 20' 20.8"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 51 '58.3 "  N , 8 ° 20' 20.8"  E
Height: 205  m above sea level NHN
Waldenfels Castle (Baden-Württemberg)
Waldenfels Castle

The Waldenfels Castle is now the ruin of a spur castle at 205  m above sea level. NHN high mountain spur in a forest, 1450 meters south of the municipality of Malsch in the district of Waldprechtsweier in the Baden-Württemberg district of Karlsruhe .

history

The small tower castle with an area of ​​less than 400 square meters was probably built by the Reginbodonen , counts in the Ufgau . Reginbodo I. lost his office in the Ufgau in 1086 and withdrew to his possessions around Malsch. Presumably he had the castle built to promote the reclamation and colonization of the area. A Reginbodo II called himself from 1110 "Graf von Malsch". He later ruled again as Count of the Ufgau from Malsch. After 1115 the Reginbodonen are no longer detectable in the region. The place and probably also the castle come into the possession of the Ebersteiners . Their marriage took place between 1150 and 1250. At the same time, Eberstein fiefdoms named themselves after the place Malsch; after 1219 they are to be addressed as margravial Baden ministerials. It is not known whether they resided in the castle or sat in the village.

It was not until 1309 that the castle was named as castrum wildenfels when the Baden margraviate was divided , when it was awarded to Friedrich II . In 1314 the margraves Friedrich II and Rudolf IV enfeoffed "daz huze zu Waldenvelse" as a personal asset to their Reinhard von Neuenburg ( "called von der Nüwenburg" ). Reinhard presumably died shortly afterwards.

The castle and the village of Malsch were bought from the margraves in 1318 by the convent of Herrenalb . The village and castle are explicitly mentioned in the purchase contract as fiefdoms of Weißenburg Abbey . In 1431 the castle was mentioned again in a document on the occasion of a break from hunting by the Baden margrave Jakob I and his entourage.

After the castle was already in ruins, it was largely demolished from 1826 to expand the Church of St. Cyriak in Malsch. Today in the western area you can still see the remains of the wall and in the southeast the remains of ( neck ditches ) against the plateau.

In 2007 and 2008, archaeological conservation work and investigations took place at the castle, which were carried out by the Heimatfreunde Malsch eV association in collaboration with the archaeologist Heiko Wagner . Excavation holes from previous robbery excavations were also included. After the investigations, the foundation of the tower and parts of the curtain wall were marked in the ground. Two information boards explain the history and excavations.

description

Waldenfels Castle on the border between Baden and Ebersteiner (Herrenalb Monastery) ownership rights (end of the 13th century)

The tower castle was located on a spur of the terrain that ran northwest from a plateau in the south and was bordered to the west (in south-north direction) and east (in east-north direction) by two incisive streams that unite at the spur outlet. The certainly distinctive keep was roughly square with a side length of 12.5 m and a wall thickness of at least 2.60 m in the area of ​​the foundation. The curtain wall was about 1.30 m thick and bound the tower to the north in the surrounding wall. In the west, the curtain wall was later expanded to around 1.7 thickness or rebuilt. It is believed that the southern wall slipped into the moat or fell into disrepair in the late Middle Ages and was rebuilt further inside. To the south, the castle was secured to the plateau by two neck ditches , via which the south-west access to the castle is assumed and which could be secured by the south-west corner of the circular wall. The western part of the castle area is seen as the castle courtyard due to the finds of slag that is typical for a blacksmith's shop. The narrow area between the ring wall and the tower to the south and east is covered with layers of waste from the 11th / 12th centuries. (small amounts of the older gray-toned turntable goods) and the 13th / 14th. Century ( utility ceramics ) addressed as a kennel .

legend

The castle is part of the legend of the knight Beringer at Waldenfels Castle, who was lord of the castle in the 13th century , but without a male heir. The legend tells of his only daughter Rosawina and her life story, who married a Count Otto von Eberstein and died at the wedding in an apparent death . Although there was Otto I. Count von Eberstein (named in 1219 as Count of Neu-Eberstein Castle , died 1279), nothing is known of a Beringer von Waldenfels and his daughter and Otto I was married to Beatrix von Krautheim from 1252 .

literature

  • Max Miller (ed.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 6: Baden-Württemberg (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 276). Kröner, Stuttgart 1965, DNB 456882928 .
  • Wilhelm Wildemann: Malscher history (s) , Malsch 2005
  • Gerhard Bullinger: Waldenfels Castle in the Spielfinken, the story of a castle from Salian times . Malsch (2006)
  • Heiko Wagner: Final report on the excavation of the "Waldenfels" castle , Kirchzarten 2008.
  • Heiko Wagner: A Salierzeit count castle in the Ufgau - the castle site "Waldenfels" near Waldprechtsweier, Gde. Malsch, Karlsruhe district. In: Archaeological excavations in Baden-Württemberg 2008 , Stuttgart 2009, pp. 276–279.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ burgenarchiv.de
  2. ↑ a b c cf. Ebidat: history
  3. ↑ To: Erwin Johann Joseph Pfister: Historical development of constitutional law of the Grand Duchy of Baden , Heidelberg 1836, pp 187 to 3000 pounds Heller , by: Third epistle of a German jurist of his friend to the rights of dead-division in their Würkung the jüngsthin completed the Duchy of Lower Bavaria , Frankfurt and Leipzig in 1779, p. 27 for 1,290 pounds hellers.
  4. ↑ Stadtwiki Karlsruhe
  5. ↑ cf. Ebidat: Archaeological investigation / finds
  6. ↑ The German pilgrim through the world. Calendar and people's book for all countries with German language to the year 1843 , Stuttgart 1843; therein: The bride on Eberstein , pp. 74–82
  7. ↑ Gernsbach: Eberstein Castle: lineage of the lords and counts of Eberstein heraldry page on www.welt-der-wappen.de