List of ancient scholars and archaeologists
This page contains a list of important ancient scholars and archaeologists with details of their nationality and dates of life. It takes into account the following fields of activity: Ancient Egypt, Middle East and Central Asia, Arabia, North Africa, classical antiquity, "marginal peoples" such as Celts, Germanic peoples and Scythians as well as the continuation of classical antiquity in the Byzantine Empire , the Middle Ages and the entire prehistory and Early history (including paleoanthropology ).
Research travelers, amateurs, autodidacts, amateurs , patrons and other people who have made a contribution to research in the field - and not infrequently carried out basic work - are placed in front of the main sections and not classified under the actual scientists. Especially for the period of the 18th and 19th centuries, when the sciences developed, the boundaries are often fluid and cannot always be drawn precisely.
Evolution - prehistory, prehistory and early history
Paleogeneticists (molecular archaeologists)
- Barbara Bramanti (Italian)
- Joachim Burger (German, * 1969)
- Wolfgang Haak (German, * 1973)
- Michael Hofreiter (German, * 1973)
- Johannes Krause (German, * 1980)
- Svante Pääbo (Swede, * 1955)
- Carsten Pusch (German, * 1969)
- Mark Stoneking (American, born 1956)
Paleoanthropologists
Prehistorians / prehistoric archaeologists
Egyptology and ancient oriental studies
- Henri Frankfort (Dutch, 1897-1954)
- Carsten Niebuhr (German, 1733–1815)
Egyptologists / Sudan archaeologists / Coptologists
Ancient orientalists / Assyriologists
Near Eastern archaeologists
Hittitologists
- Trevor Bryce (born 1940)
- Albrecht Goetze (German, 1897–1971)
- Hans Gustav Güterbock (German, 1908–2000)
- Volkert Haas (German, 1936-2019)
- John David Hawkins (British; * 1940)
- Susanne Heinhold-Krahmer
- Bedřich Hrozný (Czech, 1879–1952)
- Itamar Singer (Israeli, 1946–2012)
- Hugo Winckler (German, 1863-1913)
Biblical Archeology / Archeology of the Levant
- Moshe Dothan (Israeli, 1919–1999)
- Trude Dothan (Israeli, 1922-2016)
- Israel Finkelstein (Israeli, * 1949)
- Volkmar Fritz (German, 1938-2007)
- Kurt Galling (German, 1900–1987)
- Jutta Häser (German, * 1961)
- James K. Hoffmeier (American, born 1951)
- Ulrich Hübner (German, * 1952)
- Jigael Jadin (Israeli, 1917–1984)
- Ehud Netzer (Israeli, 1934-2010)
- James Bennett Pritchard (American, 1909-1997)
- Dieter Vieweger (German, * 1958)
- Wolfgang Zwickel (German, * 1957)
Old America
Old Americanists
See list of well-known old Americanists
Classical antiquity
- Andreas Alföldi (Hungarian, 1895–1981)
- Ludwig Friedländer (German, 1824–1909)
- Michael Grant (British, 1914-2004)
- Johannes Irmscher (German, 1920–2000)
Classical Philologists / Classical Philologists / Latinists / Graecists
Ancient historian
Mycenologists
Religious historian (ancient)
Patrists (Ancient Church History)
See list of known patristicians
- Hans Achelis (German 1865-1937)
- Carl Andresen (German-Dane, 1909–1985)
- Norbert Brox (German, 1935-2006)
- Ernst Dassmann (German, * 1931)
- Michael Durst (German, * 1953)
- Michael Fiedrowicz (* 1957)
- William Horbury (* 1942)
- Christoph Markschies (German, * 1962)
- Georg Schöllgen (German, born 1951)
- Friedhelm Winkelmann (German, * 1929)
- Gregor Wurst (German, * 1964)
Legal historian (antiquity)
- Johann Jakob Bachofen (Swiss, 1818–1887)
- Okko Behrends (German, * 1939)
- Rolf Knütel (German, 1939–2019)
- Wolfgang Kunkel (German, 1902–1981)
- Detlef Liebs (German, * 1936)
- Ulrich Manthe (German, * 1947)
- Theodor Mommsen (German, 1817–1903)
- Dieter Nörr (German, 1931-2017)
- Martin Schermaier (Austrian, * 1963)
- Franz Wieacker (German, 1908–1994)
- Reinhard Zimmermann (German, * 1952)
Philosophy historian (ancient)
Classical archaeologists
Building researcher, building historian
Provincial Roman Archaeologists
Etruscologists
Thracologists
- Alexandar Nikolaew Fol (Bulgarian, 1933-2006)
- Manfred Oppermann (German, * 1941)
Celtologists
- See Celtology
Christian archaeologists
Epigraphist
numismatist
Papyrologists
See list of well-known papyrologists
Byzantinists / Byzantine Archaeologists
middle Ages
Medieval archaeologists
Islam archaeologists
- Klaus Brisch (German, 1923-2001)
- Volkmar Enderlein (German, * 1936)
- Christian Ewert (1935-2006)
- Ernst Herzfeld (1879–1948)
- Jangar Ilyasov
- Lorenz Korn (German, * 1966)
- Michael Meinecke (German, 1941–1995)
- Friedrich Sarre (1865–1945)
Latin Philologists of the Middle Ages and Modern Times
see category: Middle Latin Philologist
Special archeologies
Archeology of the Modern Age / Historical Archeology
- Gottfried Artner (Austrian)
- Kathleen Deagan (USA)
- James Deetz (American, 1930-2000)
- Dan Hicks (British, born 1972)
- Ronald Hirte (German)
- Luitgard Löw (German)
- Dieter Josef Martin (German)
- Natascha Mehler (German, * 1970)
- Carola Metzner-Nebelsick (German, * 1962)
- Barbara Scholkmann (German, * 1941)
- Rainer Schreg (German, * 1969)
- Stanley South (American, born 1928)
- Claudia Theune (German, * 1959)
Oriental archaeologists
(excluding Near Eastern archaeologists, see corresponding list)
- Jean Boisselier (French, 1912–1996)
- Burchard Brentjes (German, 1929–2012)
- Jean Louis Burckhardt (Swiss, 1784–1817)
- Alexander Cunningham (British, 1814-1893)
- Albert Grünwedel (German, 1856–1935)
- Robert von Heine-Geldern (Austrian, 1885–1968)
- Charles Higham (New Zealander, * 1939)
- Pyotr Kuzmich Koslow (Russian, 1863–1935)
- Albert von Le Coq (German, 1860-1930)
- John Marshall (British, 1876-1958)
- Aurel Stein (Hungarian, 1862–1943)
- Sergei Pavlovich Tolstow (Russian, 1907–1976)
- Mortimer Wheeler (British, 1890-1976)
- Kim Won-yong (Korean, 1922-1993)
- Paul Alan Yule (American, born 1947)
Underwater and marine archaeologists
- Robert D. Ballard (American, born 1942)
- George Fletcher Bass (American, born 1932)
- Ronald Bockius (German)
- Detlev Ellmers (German)
- Jean-Yves Empereur (French)
- Thomas Förster (German, * 1966)
- Franck Goddio (French, born 1947)
- Arvid Divine
- Dietrich Hakelberg (German)
- Olaf Höckmann (German)
- Joachim Köninger (German)
- Friedrich Lüth (German, * 1957)
- Jenny Sarrazin
- Sebastiano Tusa (Italian, 1952-2019)
Geoarchaeologists
- Alexander Binsteiner (German, * 1956)
- Renate Gerlach (German)
- Stefan Kröpelin
- Karsten Lambers
- Eberhard Zangger (German, * 1958)
Music archaeologists
- Ricardo Eichmann (German, * 1955)
- Ellen Hickmann
Industrial and mining archaeologists
- Helmuth Albrecht (German)
- Rolf Höhmann (German)
- Detlef Hopp (German, * 1956)
- Ludwig Oechslin (Swiss, * 1952)
- Rainer Slotta (German, * 1946)
- Thomas Stöllner (Austrian, * 1967)
- Otfried Wagenbreth (German, 1927-2017)
Experimental archaeologists
- Frank Andraschko (German)
- Emmett Callahan (American, born 1937)
- Wulf Hein (German)
- Marcus Junkelmann (German, * 1949)
- Jens Lüning (German, * 1938)
- Harm Paulsen (German)
- Friedrich Seeberger (German, 1938-2007)
- Jürgen Weiner (German)
Archaeozoologists / Archaeobiologists / Osteologists
- Rose-Marie Arbogast (French)
- Frédérique Audoin-Rouzeau (French, * 1957) alias Fred Vargas
- Hans-Joachim Barthel
- Dorothea Minola Alice Bate (British, 1878-1951)
- Cornelia Becker
- Norbert Benecke (German, born 1954)
- Hubert Berke
- Joachim Boessneck (German)
- Monika Doll (Germany)
- Angela von den Driesch (German, 1934–2012)
- Renate Ebersbach (German, 1934–2012)
- Gerhard Forstenpointner (Austrian)
- Gero Hanschke
- Hans-Christian Küchelmann (German, * 1963)
- Cheryl A. Makarewicz
- Marjan Mashkour (Iran)
- Paul Parmalee (US, 1926-2006)
- Joris Peters
- Herbert Reichstein (German)
- Jörg Schibler (Swiss)
- Elisabeth Schmid (Swiss, 1912–1994)
- Jordi Serangeli
- Hans-Peter Uerpmann (German, * 1941)
- Joachim Wahl
- Jean Zammit (French)
Archaeometallurgists and archaeometrists
- Mebus A. Geyh
- Andreas Hauptmann (German)
- Bernd Kromer
- Ernst Pernicka (Austrian, * 1950)
- Thilo Rehren
- Rolf CA Rottländer (1932–2016)
- Günther A. Wagner (German)
- Ünsal Yalçin
Aerial archaeologists
- Otto Braasch (German, * 1936)
- Osbert Crawford (English, 1886–1957)
- Michael Doneus (Austrian, * 1967)
- Herwig Friesinger (Austrian, * 1942)
- Georg Gerster (Swiss, 1928–2019)
- Walter Irlinger (German, * 1957)
- Klaus Leidorf (German, * 1956)
- Hakan Öge (Turk, * 1964)
- Irwin Scollar (American, born 1928)
- Walter Sölter (German, 1930–1988)
- Baoquan Song
- Satellite archeology specialization:
- Alice Gorman (Australian, * 1964)
- Sarah Parcak (American, * 1979)
Archaeological computer scientist
- Gary Lock (English)
- Hans Kamermans (Dutch)
- Martin Kuna (Czech)
- Clive Orton (English)
- Silvia Polla (Italian)
- David Wheatley (English)
Palynologists / paleobotanists / pollen analysts
- Hermann Behling (Germany)
- Karl-Ernst Behre (Germany, * 1935)
- Linda Scott Cummings (USA)
- Elske Fischer (Germany)
- Christine Ann Hastorf
- Maria Hopf (Germany, 1914-2008)
- Johannes Iversen (Denmark, 1904–1971)
- Stefanie Jacomet (Switzerland)
- Arie J. Kalis (Netherlands)
- Sabine Karg (Germany, Denmark)
- Karl-Heinz Knörzer (Germany, 1920–2009)
- Udelgard Körber-Grohne (Germany)
- Angela Kreuz (Germany)
- Helmut Johannes Kroll
- Hansjörg Küster (Germany, * 1956)
- Elsbeth Lange (Germany, 1928–2009)
- Jutta Lechterbeck (Germany, * 1969)
- Ursula Maier (German)
- Jutta Meurers-Balke (Germany, * 1949)
- Katharina Neumann (Germany)
- Deborah Marie Pearsall (USA)
- Dolores Rita Piperno (USA)
- Virginia S. Popper (USA)
- Manfred Rösch (Germany)
- Irwin Rovner (USA)
- Frank Schlütz (Germany)
- Rudolf Schütrumpf (Germany, 1909–1986)
- Ulrich Willerding (Germany, * 1932)
Dendrochronologists
- MGL Baillie
- Bernd Becker (German)
- André Billamboz (French)
- Andrew Ellicott Douglass (1867–1962)
- Dieter Eckstein
- Thomas Eißing (German)
- Ernst Hollstein (German, 1918–1988)
- Peter Klein
- Hubert Leuschner (German)
- Mechthild Neyses-Eiden
- JR Pilcher
- Burghart Schmidt (German)
- Fitz Schweingruber (Switzerland, * 1936)
- Willy Tegel (German)
Ethnoarchaeologists
Ethnologist / ethnologist
literature
- Archaeological scoreboard . 1889ff.
- Gnomon . Weidmann / CH Beck, Berlin / Munich 1925ff.
- Kürschner's German Scholars Calendar . Walter de Gruyter publishing house, Berlin 1925ff.
- Vademecum of the historical sciences . Steiner, Stuttgart 1994ff.