The list of well-known researchers on ancient religions includes scholars who have made contributions to the study of ancient religions and the mythologies associated with them, at least at the level of their habilitation or equivalent. The ancient religions and mythologies include in the sense of an extended term from ancient times (approx. 3500 BC to 600 AD):
Ancient Egyptian religion and Egyptian mythology ,
Ancient oriental religions ,
Old Iranian religion : Zoroastrianism ,
Minoan religion
Greek religion and Greek mythology ,
Roman religion and Roman mythology ,
Mystery cults of the ancient world ,
Etruscan religion ,
Indo-European religion ,
Gnosis ,
Manichaeism ,
Mandaeans ,
Judaism and Christianity are only taken into account to the extent that they are in conflict with the pagan environment .
These religions and mythologies represent the totality of the one-way and reciprocal relationships in the spatial and temporal coexistence and coexistence of the religious movements in the Mediterranean and the Near East.
The science of ancient religions is not an independent academic subject, but rather is pursued by classical philologists , ancient and religious historians , classical archaeologists , Egyptologists , ancient orientalists and Etruscologists , historical anthropologists , religious and cultural scholars and theologians .
list
A.
scientist
nationality
Place of work
Qualifications
Research priorities
image
Clifford Ando (* 1969)
Americans
University of Chicago
Old story
Roman religion , gods , religion and government in the Roman Empire
Jan Assmann (* 1938)
German
University of Heidelberg
Egyptology
Ancient Egyptian religion, Egyptian hymns and prayers , Egyptian images of the afterlife , literature on the dead, Egyptian polytheism , Israelite monotheism , writings on the philosophy of religion by Plutarch
Polymnia Athanassiadi (* 1946) Πολύμνια Αθανασιάδη
Greek
University of Athens
Old story
Neoplatonism , Damascius , philosophical monotheism , religious intolerance in late antiquity
Christoph Auffarth (* 1951)
German
University of Bremen
Religious studies
Creation , greek religion
B.
scientist
nationality
Place of work
Qualifications
Research priorities
image
Gerhard Baudy (* 1950)
German
University of Konstanz
Classical Philology
Adonis Gardens
Jean Bayet (1892-1969)
Frenchman
École française de Rome
Sorbonne
Faculté des Lettres de Caen
Classical Philology
Roman religious history , origins of Roman Hercules
Mary Beard (born 1955)
British
Newnham College , Cambridge
King’s College London
Old story
Roman religions , Roman triumph , vestals ; Jane Harrison
Roger L. Beck (born 1937)
Briton
University of Toronto
Classical Philology
Roman religion , Mithras cult
Andreas Bendlin (* 1966)
German
York University , Toronto
University of Toronto
Old story
Roman religion , social history of the Roman religion
Alberto Bernabé Pajares (* 1946)
Spaniards
Complutense University of Madrid
Classical Philology
Greek religions , orphics
Joseph Bidez (1867-1945)
Frenchman
Ghent University
Classical Philology
Intellectual and religious history of late antiquity , especially of the 3rd and 4th centuries; Emperor Julian
Anton Bierl (* 1960)
German
University of Basel
Classical Philology
Dionysus , Myth and Ritual
Hans Bonnet (1887–1972)
German
University of Bonn
University of Halle
Egyptology
Ancient Egyptian Religion , Real Lexicon of Egyptian Religious History
Philippe Borgeaud (* 1946)
Swiss
University of Geneva
Graecistics history of
religion
Pan , mother of gods
Angus Bowie (born 1949)
Briton
Queen's College , Oxford
Classical Philology
Myth and ritual , sacrifice in the Greek religion
Angelo Brelich (1913–1977)
Italian
Sapienza University, Rome
History of religion
Vesta , Greek heroes , Medea , polytheism , Aristophanes and religion, mythology
Jan N. Bremmer (* 1944)
Dutch
University of Groningen
University of Utrecht
Religious Studies
Ancient History
Greek and Roman religion and mythology , ancient magic , ideas about the afterlife , apocryphal acts of the Apostles
Laurent Bricault (born 1963)
Frenchman
University of Toulouse II – Le Mirail
Ancient history
egyptology
Egyptian gods in Greco-Roman times, especially Isis
Peter Brown (born 1935)
Irishman
Princeton
University Berkeley
University London University
Old story
Imperial, late antique and medieval Christianity and the pagan environment , veneration of saints , sexual renunciation, asceticism and corporeality
Walter Burkert (1931–2015)
German
University of Zurich
Technical University of Berlin
Classical Philology
Myth and Ritual , Greek Religion , Greek Religion and Early Christianity , Biological Foundations of Greek Religion, Violence in Human Culture, Orientalism , Ancient Mysteries , Homer , Orphicism , Pythagoreanism , Greek Tragedy
C.
scientist
nationality
Place of work
Qualifications
Research priorities
image
Claude Calame (* 1943)
Swiss
École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales
University of Lausanne
Classical Philology
greek religion and mythology
Hubert Cancik (* 1937)
German
University of Tübingen
History of Religion
Classical Philology
Roman religion , Romans, Jews and Christians in the Roman Empire, rulers cult in Rome and the provinces, urban religious centers in the Imperium Romanum, Roman imperial religion and provincial religion
Hildegard Cancik-Lindemaier (* 1938)
German
Private scholars
History of Religion
Classical Philology
roman religion , early Christianity
Kevin Clinton (*)
Americans
Cornell University
Religious
history, Greek studies
Greek religion: sanctuaries, mystery cults
Carsten Colpe (1929-2009)
German
Free University of Berlin
University of Göttingen
History of religion
theology
Historical relationships between Judaism, Jewish Christianity, paganism and early Islam , Iranians - Arameans - Hebrews - Hellenes. Iranian religions and their western relations , Greeks - Byzantines - Semites - Muslims. Hellenistic religions and the west-east dehellenization
Georges Contenau (1877–1964)
Frenchman
Musée du Louvre
Université libre de Bruxelles
Religious history of
ancient oriental studies
Ancient oriental archeology
Arthur Bernard Cook (1868-1952)
Briton
Queens' College , Cambridge
Trinity College , Cambridge
Bedford College , University of London
Classical archeology
Zeus cult, connection between myths and rituals
Friedrich Creuzer (1771-1858)
German
University of Heidelberg
University of Leiden
University of Marburg
Classical Philology
Symbolism and mythology of the ancient peoples, especially the Greeks
Mauro Cristofani (1941–1997)
Italian
University of Naples Federico II
University of Siena
University of Pisa
Etruscology
Etruscan religion , Etruscan mythology , ideas about the afterlife , cult of the dead
Franz Cumont (1868–1947)
Belgian
Ghent University
History of Religion
Classical Archeology
Oriental cults in the Roman Empire
D.
scientist
nationality
Place of work
Qualifications
Research priorities
image
Charles Delattre (* 1972)
Frenchman
University of Paris X
Greek Studies
Greek mythology and religion
Marie Delcourt (1891–1979)
Belgian
University of Liège
Ancient History
Classical Philology
Hero cult and myths, Oedipus , important sanctuaries of Greece, Hephaestus , Hermaphroditos , Orestes and Alkmaion , Matrizid , fire
Ludwig Deubner (1877-1946)
German
University of Berlin
University of Freiburg
University of Königsberg
University of Bonn
Classical Philology
Greek religion: Attic festivals , incubation ; roman religion
Albrecht Dieterich (1866–1905)
German
University of Heidelberg
University of Gießen
University of Marburg
Classical Philology
Magical papyri, Orphic hymns, popular beliefs, religious history of later antiquity, Mithras liturgy
Eric Robertson Dodds (1893-1979)
Briton
University of Oxford
University of Birmingham
Classical Philology
Dionysus Religion, Pagan and Christian in an Age of Anxiety
Ken Dowden (born 1950)
Briton
University of Birmingham
Classical Philology
Greek Mythology and Religion , Zeus
Georges Dumézil (1898–1986)
Frenchman
Collège de France
École pratique des hautes études
History of religion
Urindo-European religion and mythology; roman religion
Wilhelm Drexler (1858–1930)
German
Greifswald
University Library Berlin
University Library Halle University Library
Classical Philology
Collaboration on the detailed lexicon of Greek and Roman mythology ( e.g. Isis , Hathor , Men ); The cult of the Egyptian deities in the Danube countries
E.
F.
scientist
nationality
Place of work
Qualifications
Research priorities
image
Lewis Richard Farnell (1856-1934)
Briton
Exeter College , Oxford
Classical archeology
Classical philology
The Cults of the Greek States , Greek hero cults
Wolfgang Fauth (* 1924)
German
University of Göttingen
Classical Philology
Hippolytos and Phaidra , Aphrodite Parakyptusa (Dea Prospiciens), metamorphosis in the Dionysiacs of Nonnos of Panopolis , Demogorgon , Helios Megistos , syncretistic theology of late antiquity , magic , Hecate , Greek and Coptic appellations to
Yahweh
Eugen Fehrle (1880–1957)
German
University of Heidelberg
Classical Philology
cultic chastity
André-Jean Festugière (1898–1982)
Frenchman
University of Heidelberg
Classical Philology
Corpus Hermeticum , Hermes Trismegistos , Church history : Council of Ephesus , Council of Chalcedon
William Warde Fowler (1847-1921)
Briton
Lincoln College , Oxford
Old story
Roman religion , Roman festivals , Roman ideas of God
James George Frazer (1854-1941)
Briton
Trinity College , Cambridge
University, Liverpool
Ethnology
Classical Philology
The Golden Bough
Nicolas Fréret (1688–1749)
Frenchman
Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres
Old story
mythology
William D. Furley (born 1953)
Briton
University of Heidelberg
Classical Philology
Fire , Andokides and the Hermenfrevel , cult hymns
G
H
scientist
nationality
Place of work
Qualifications
Research priorities
image
Volkert Haas (* 1936)
German
Free University of Berlin
University of Konstanz
Ancient Near Eastern Studies
Hittite religion
Jane Ellen Harrison (1850-1928)
British
Newnham College , Cambridge
Religious
history, Greek studies
Greek religion, myth and rite
Josef Heckenbach (1887 – after 1914)
German
Trier high school
Classical Philology
Cult images , religious nudity
Martin Hengel (1926-2009)
German
University of Tübingen
University of Erlangen
Evangelical theology
Judaism and Hellenism , Hellenization of Judaism, Christianity and the Jewish-Hellenistic history of religion
Albert Henrichs (1942–2017)
German
Harvard University
Classical Philology
Greek mythology and religion, Dionysus, paganism and Christianity, Manichaeism
Hugo Hepding (1878-1959)
German
University of Giessen
Classical Philology
Attis
Gertrud Herzog-Hauser (1894–1953)
Austrian
University of Vienna
high schools in Vienna
Classical Philology
ancient mythology and religion
Rainer Hirsch-Luipold (* 1967)
German
University of Bern
Protestant Theology
Classical Philology
Plutarch , Religious History of the Roman Empire
Jens Holzhausen (* 1963)
German
University of Bamberg
Classical Philology
Gnosis , Hermetics , Early Christianity
I.
J
K
L.
M.
scientist
nationality
Place of work
Qualifications
Research priorities
image
Ernst Maass (1856–1929)
German
University of Marburg
University of Greifswald
Classical Philology
Orpheus , Roman gods of the day
Nanno Marinatos (* 1950)
Greek
University of Illinois at Chicago
Classical archeology
Classical philology
Minoan and early Greek religion
Friedrich Matz the Younger (1890–1974)
German
University of Marburg
University of Munster
Classical archeology
Minoan religion, cult image
Reinhold Merkelbach (1918-2006)
German
University of Cologne
University of Erlangen
Classical Philology
Mystery cults , Isis , Mani , Dionysus mysteries, Hestia , Mithras
Karl Meuli (1891–1968)
Swiss
University of Basel
Classical Philology
Greek sacrificial customs , the agon in the cult of the dead
Eduard Meyer (1855-1930)
German
University of Berlin
University of Halle
University of Breslau
University of Leipzig
Ancient Oriental Studies,
Egyptology,
Ancient History
Origins and beginnings of Christianity , Judaism in Elephantine
Friedrich Max Müller (1823-1900)
German
All Souls College , Oxford
Christ Church , Oxford
University, Oxford
Religious Studies
Linguistics
Comparative Mythology , Anthropological Religion
Karl Otfried Müller (1797-1840)
German
University of Göttingen
Ancient history
Classical archeology
Classical philology
Stories of Hellenic Tribes and Cities , The Etruscans
Robert Muth (1916-2008)
Austrian
University of Innsbruck
Classical Philology
Greek and Roman religion
George E. Mylonas (1898–1988) Γεώργιος Εμμανουήλ Μυλωνάς
Greek
Washington University in St. Louis
Classical Philology
Eleusinian Mysteries
N
scientist
nationality
Place of work
Qualifications
Research priorities
image
Martin P. Nilsson (1874-1967)
Swede
Lund University
Classical Philology
Cults, myths, oracles, and politics in ancient Greece , Greek religion , Greek religious festivals , Minoan-Mycenaean religion, Dionysus mysteries
Arthur Darby Nock (1902-1963)
Briton
Harvard University
Clare College , Cambridge
Classical Philology
Asklepios , Constantine and the Christian Church , Hermetics , Gods and the World
John A. North (born 1938)
Briton
University College London
Old story
Roman religions , pagan priests in the ancient world
P
scientist
nationality
Place of work
Qualifications
Research priorities
image
Robert Parker (born 1950)
Briton
New College , Oxford
Oriel College , Oxford
Old story
Greek religion , ritual purity , Athenian religion , Greek polytheism
Stefan Pfeiffer (* 1974)
German
University of Halle
Technical University of Chemnitz
University of Münster
Old story
Decree of Kanopos , Ptolemaic rulers and dynasty cults , imperial cults in Alexandria and Egypt
Ambros Josef Pfiffig (1910–1998)
Austrian
University of Vienna
University of Perugia
Etruscology
Gods , cult
Friedrich Pfister (1883–1967)
German
University of Würzburg
University of Tübingen
Classical Philology
Cult of relics , Greek mythology
Karen Piepenbrink (* 1969)
German
University of Giessen
University of Mannheim
Old story
Antiquity and Christianity , Christian Identity and Assimilation in Late Antiquity
Vinciane Pirenne-Delforge (* 1963)
Belgian
University of Liège
Old story
Greek religion , polytheism , pausanias , Greek mythology , cult personnel
Jakob Pley (1886–1974)
German
High schools
Classical Philology
Greek religion, wool in ancient rites
Simon RF Price (1954-2011)
Briton
Lady Margaret Hall , Oxford
Christ’s College , Cambridge
Old story
Roman religions , imperial cult in Asia Minor , Greek religions , apologetics between the pagan world , Judaism and Christianity
Maciej Popko (1936-2014)
Pole
Warsaw University
Hittitology
Hittite religion
Henri-Charles Puech (1902-1986)
Frenchman
Collège de France
History of religion
Gnosis , Manichaeism
Giovanni Pugliese Carratelli (1911-2010)
Italian
Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici , Naples
Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Storici , Naples
Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa
University of Florence
University of Pisa
Old story
Orphic gold slats
R.
scientist
nationality
Place of work
Qualifications
Research priorities
image
Richard Reitzenstein (1861–1931)
German
University of Göttingen
University of Freiburg
University of Strasbourg
University of Gießen
University of Rostock
Classical Philology
Hellenistic mystery religions and their meaning for the New Testament , ancient syncretism and gnosis , meaning of the Mandaean traditions for the understanding of the Gospel of John and above all the explanation of the baptism of John and the early Christian baptism ritual, parallelism of Hellenistic philosophers' lives and travel novels with the apocryphal literature of the apostles
Carl Robert (1850-1922)
German
University of Halle
University of Berlin
Classical archeology
Classical philology
Greek mythology and its iconography
Erwin Rohde (1845–1898)
German
University of Heidelberg
University of Leipzig
University of Tübingen
University of Jena
University of Kiel
Classical Philology
Psyche. Soul cult and belief in immortality of the Greeks
Lynn E. Roller (born 1947)
American
University of California, Davis
Classical archeology
Greek and Anatolian (Phrygian) religions, Cybele and Attis
Kurt Rudolph (* 1929)
German
University of Marburg
University of Leipzig
Protestant theology history of
religion
Mandaeans and Gnosis
Jörg Rüpke (* 1962)
German
University of Erfurt
University of Potsdam
Classical Philology
Roman religions , the Roman festival calendar , prosopography of pagans, Jewish and Christian priests
Jean Rudhardt (1922-2003)
Swiss
University of Geneva
History of Religion,
Papyrology,
Graecistics
Greek religion , basic concepts of the religious thought of the Greeks, Orphic , Orphic hymns
Ian Rutherford (born 1959)
Briton
Reading University
Classical Philology
Greek religion , the state-organized pilgrimage , called theoria , contacts between Greece and Egypt
S.
scientist
nationality
Place of work
Qualifications
Research priorities
image
Tanja Scheer (* 1964)
German
University of Göttingen
University of Oldenburg
Old story
Greek hero myths , Greek cult images, temple prostitution
John Scheid (* 1946)
Luxembourger
Collège de France
École pratique des hautes études
University of Lille
École française de Rome
Old story
Roman religion , Arval Brothers , priestly fasting
Renate Schlesier (* 1947)
German
Free University of Berlin
University of Paderborn
Religious scholar
Mythology , neo-paganism , anthropology of antiquity , Dionysus , ritual , prosopography by researchers in the field of historical anthropology
Friedrich Schwenn (1889–1955)
German
Rostock
Classical Philology
Sacrifice and human sacrifice in antiquity, Greek cult , prayer
Giulia Sfameni Gasparro (* 1941)
Italian
University of Messina
Religious historian
Greek and Oriental mystery cults , especially Cybele and Attis , Isis and Mithras ; Hermetics , early Christianity , Origen , Gnosticism
Christiane Sourvinou-Inwood (1945-2007)
British
University of Reading
University College , Oxford
University of Liverpool
Greek Studies
Greek religion , especially sanctuaries, rites , rites de passage (the arkteia as part of the Artemis cult ), festivals ( Plynteria , Panathenaia , Dionysia ) and mythology ( Theseus , Aglauros , Erechtheus ), Athens and Attica as well as the Attic tragedy
Wolfgang Speyer (* 1933)
German
University of Salzburg
Classical Philology
Early Christianity and its Surroundings
Paul Stengel (1851-1929)
German
Joachimsthalsches Gymnasium , Berlin
Classical Philology
Cult antiquities , sacrificial customs
Zeph Stewart (1921-2007)
Americans
Harvard University
Classical Philology
Christianity and Ancient Greece
George John Szemler (1928-2003)
Americans
Loyola University Chicago
Ancient History
Classical Philology
Priest in the Roman religion
T
U
V
W.
scientist
nationality
Place of work
Qualifications
Research priorities
image
Otto Weinreich (1886–1972)
German
University of Tübingen
University of Heidelberg
University of Jena
University of Tübingen
Classical Philology
God-humanity , miracle of healing
Stefan Weinstock (1901–1971)
Briton
University of Oxford Vatican Apostolic Library
Classical Philology Ancient History
Roman religion , Templum , Lex Sacra , dedicatory inscriptions , Saturnalia , New Year celebrations
Joseph Wiesner (1913–1975)
German
Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg
University of Halle
Classical archeology
Greek religion , mythological topography , ideas of the afterlife
Geo Widengren (1907-1996)
Swede
Uppsala University
Orientalist
ancient oriental and Iranian religions, belief in high gods , sacred royalty , Mani , Manichaeism , Mandaeans
Eduard Williger (1899–1932)
German
University of Cologne
Classical Philology
Hagios , holy
Georg Wissowa (1859–1931)
German
University of Halle
University of Marburg
Classical Philology
Roman religion
Roger D. Woodard (born 1951)
Americans
State University of New York at Buffalo
Classical Philology
Roman , Greek and Indo-European religion ; historical anthropology ; Interaction between Greece and the Middle East
Richard Wünsch (1869–1915)
German
University of Münster
University of Königsberg
University of Gießen
Classical Philology
Mother cult , Mithras , belief in the hereafter , escape tables
Y
Z
Legend
Scientists : This column records the name, the dates of life and, if applicable, the Greek form of the name.
Nationality : This column records the nationality, as far as can be determined in view of data protection and personal rights. In the case of Greeks living abroad in particular , dual citizenship can also be given without the public having to be aware of this.
Place of activity : For academics, this column usually only records the universities at which they have taught with the rank of professor, possibly in biographical order. For employees of research institutions, the institution is given, for all others (honorary professors, academic mid-level faculty, lecturers, teachers, etc.) the city in which they are or were active.
Further qualifications : This column records further academic qualifications of the researchers listed.
Main research areas : This column summarizes the key areas of work and research achievements of the researchers listed. Outstanding titles of the researcher's writings are in italics.
Image : This column shows images of the named researchers in the form of photographs, paintings, woodcuts and the like.
See also
literature
Hans G. Kippenberg : The discovery of the history of religion. Religious Studies and Modernity. CH Beck, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-406-42882-7 . - Translations into French, English, Italian and Japanese.
Renate Schlesier : Cults, Myths and Scholars. Anthropology of antiquity since 1800 (= Fischer pocket books 11924 Fischer Science ). Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1994, ISBN 3-596-11924-3 . - On Friedrich Creuzer , Karl Otfried Müller , Otto Jahn , Eduard Meyer , Jane Ellen Harrison , the Usener School, Claude Lévi-Strauss and the Vernant School .
Web links
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