Eugen Fehrle

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Eugen Joseph Fehrle (born August 7, 1880 in Stetten , Engen; † May 8, 1957 in Heidelberg ) was a German folklorist , classical philologist , university lecturer and Nazi science politician.

Origin, studies and career entry

Eugen Fehrle was the son of the main teacher Johann Fehrle and his wife Martina, née Wick. He had three siblings. He finished his school career in Constance in 1900 with the final examination . After completing his military service, he studied classical philology, religious studies and German at the University of Heidelberg from 1900 to 1907 . In 1907, with his work The Cultic Chastity in Antiquity, he was named Dr. phil. doctorate and passed the teaching examination the following year. He then worked at a high school in Heidelberg. From 1909 to 1918 he worked as a lecturer for Greek and Latin at the University of Heidelberg. He completed his habilitation in 1913 in Heidelberg for classical philology, where he became a private lecturer . During the First World War he did military service in the infantry, most recently as a lieutenant in the reserve. From 1919 onwards he worked at the University of Heidelberg as a research assistant and associate professor for classical philology; in addition, from 1926 he also took on a teaching position for folklore. In 1926 he became co-editor of the magazine Volk und Rasse .

Since 1910 Fehrle was married to Erna (1892–1950), née Küster. The couple had two daughters and a son.

Turning to National Socialism and activity in Nazi organizations

During the Weimar Republic , Fehrle was part of the DVP for a time. Since traveling to Italy in 1923, he began to be interested in fascism and turned to National Socialism . Fehrle was a member of the NSDAP from 1931 . As a political leader he stood since before the Office "folk costume and folklore". In 1932, the Gauleiter appointed him “University advisor of the party at Heidelberg University”. Two days before the Reichstag election on March 5, 1933 , he and two Heidelberg professor colleagues were co-signers of an appeal for the NSDAP. As part of the takeover of power by the National Socialists took over from March 1933 to 1936 as a Councilor and head of the university department in the Baden Ministry of Culture a central role in the DC circuit of the university operation. Fehrle was a member of the Nazi teachers' association . He was also a member of the SA from 1933 to 1939 , where he was appointed SA-Obersturmführer in 1938. From the SA he switched to the SS in 1939 , where he achieved the rank of Sturmbannführer in 1944. From 1937 to 1945 he was political leader of the NSDAP district leadership in Heidelberg.

University professor for German folklore under National Socialism

In May 1934 he received a personal ordinariate for classical philology. In the same year he was accepted into the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences . At the University of Heidelberg in 1936 he was appointed to the newly created chair for folklore, which he held until 1945. He headed the newly created "Training Center for German Folklore". In addition, he taught religious studies from 1942.

From 1934 he also took over the management of the Baden Administrative Academy on a part-time basis. He was a board member of the Association of Folklore Associations. From 1937 he was a member of the enlarged Senate and the Reich Judicial Examination Office. In 1938 he acted as director of the German seminar. In 1942/43 he was dean of the philosophy faculty. From 1944 he was Vice-Rector of the University of Heidelberg and responsible for the scientific examination office. From 1944 he was head of the German Folklore Department at the Munich German Academy.

In the context of folklore, Fehrle researched the "Germanic roots" of the Germans, which he wanted to expose from foreign, Christian and "alien" influences. In the 1930s he mainly published on folklore, where he was one of the first to introduce the “racial idea”. He saw folklore as "folk soul science". According to Wolgast, it was "scientific charlatanism". At the University of Heidelberg Fehrle was feared as a staunch National Socialist. He was considered the chief ideologist of Nazi folklore. He also used vocabulary like "alien parasite people" for Jews.

post war period

After the end of the war he was released from university service in July 1945 by order of the military government because of his Nazi burden and was then imprisoned by the Allies for almost two years. He was deleted from the list of members of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences. As part of the denazification he was classified as incriminated at the beginning of March 1948, after an appeal procedure at the beginning of October 1948 as a follower, then in July 1949 as a minor and in January 1950 as a follower. At the beginning of October 1950 he retired . Fehrle died on May 8, 1957 and was buried in the Handschuhsheim cemetery.

Fonts (selection)

Monographs
  • Cult chastity in antiquity. Töpelmann, Giessen 1910 (= Religious-historical experiments and preliminary work. 6). Unchangeable photomechan. Reprint de Gruyter, Berlin 1966 (inaugural dissertation to obtain the doctorate of the high philosophical faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität in Heidelberg. First part. 1908).
  • On the history of the Greek geoponica. Leipzig 1913 (also Heidelberg, Phil. Habilitation paper, 1913).
  • Latin grammar [textbooks]: Gaspey-Otto-Sauer / Eugen Fehrle method ; Erwin Pfeiffer. Edit again by Franz Wagner [multi-part work], Groos, Heidelberg 1934–1967
  • German festivals and folk customs. Teubner, Leipzig / Berlin 1916 (From Nature and Spiritual World; Vol. 518).
  • Studies on the Greek geoponists. Teubner, Leipzig / Berlin 1920.
  • Local studies in school. CF Müller, Karlsruhe 1920 (together with Konrad Guenther).
  • Spells and blessings. E. Diederichs, Jena 1926 (belongs to German people 29).
  • Baden folklore. 1924. Unchanged. Reprinted by Weidlich, Frankfurt / Main 1979.
  • On the essence of folk art. H. Stubenrauch, Berlin 1926 (yearbook for historical folklore; vol. 2 together Sigurd Erixon; Hans Fehr).
  • Germania: Latin. u. German text, juxtaposed / Publius Cornelius Tacitus. Ed., Trans. u. with remarks vers. by Eugen Fehrle, JF Lehmanns Verl., Munich 1929 (published several times).
  • German festivals and annual customs. Teubner, Leipzig / Berlin 1937.
  • German wedding customs, Diederichs. Jena 1937.
  • The essence of the people. Industry publ. Spaeth & Linde 1937 (belongs to the basics, structure and economic order of the national-socialist state; article 11).
  • German folklore in Alsace. Junker u. Dünnhaupt, Berlin 1941 (belongs to the German Institute for Foreign Policy Research (Berlin): Writings of the German Institute for Foreign Policy Research and the Hamburg Institute for Foreign Policy; H. 92).
  • Festivals and folk customs throughout the year of European peoples. Hinnenthal, Kassel 1955.
Essays
editor
  • Works on folklore and German poetry: Festgabe for Friedrich Panzer on the occasion of his 60th birthday on September 4, 1930, with co-worker of Hans Teske, Konkordia, Bühl-Baden 1930.
  • The Grand Dukes Friedrich I and Friedrich II and the people of Baden: [A memorial]. Edited by Eugen Fehrle, O. Hinderer, Stuttgart 1930.
  • Legends from Germany. Ed .: Eugen Fehrle. Selected u. ed. 4 color plates u. 24 drawings by Ernst Schrom, Ueberreuter, Vienna; Heidelberg 1952.
  • Harvest from the field of folklore, presented as a festive gift to the revered master Rudolf Much for his 70th birthday on October 7, 1932 by Reich German fellow researchers. Edited by Eugen Fehrle, Konkordia, Bühl 1930 (from: Oberdeutsche Zeitschrift f. Volkskunde. Born 6. 1932).
editor
  • Odyssey / Homer. [Arr. v. E. Fehrle], G. Braun, Karlsruhe 1965.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Michael Grüttner : Biographical Lexicon for National Socialist Science Policy (= Studies on Science and University History. Volume 6). Synchron, Heidelberg 2004, ISBN 3-935025-68-8 , p. 46.
  2. a b c d e f g h Wilhelm Kühlmann: German and German Studies. In: Wolfgang U. Eckart, Volker Sellin, Eike Wolgast (Eds.): The University of Heidelberg in National Socialism. Berlin 2006, p. 355 f.
  3. ^ Christian Jansen: Professors and Politics. Political thinking and acting of the Heidelberg university professors 1914-1935. Göttingen 1992, p. 360.
  4. ^ A b Christian Jansen: Professors and Politics. Political thinking and acting of the Heidelberg university professors 1914-1935 . Göttingen 1992, p. 242.
  5. ^ Christian Jansen: Professors and Politics. Political thinking and acting of the Heidelberg university professors 1914-1935. Göttingen 1992, p. 396.
  6. ^ Ernst Klee: The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Frankfurt am Main 2013, p. 146.
  7. a b c d e Eike Wolgast: History in Heidelberg 1933-1945. In: Hartmut Lehmann, Otto Gerhard Oexle (Hrsg.): National Socialism in the Cultural Studies. Volume 1: Subjects - Milieus - Careers. Göttingen 2004, SS 161 f.
  8. Wolfgang Kaschuba : Introduction to European Ethnology. 2nd Edition. Beck, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-406-50462-0 , p. 74.
  9. Angelos Chaniotis, Ulrich Thaler: Ancient Studies. In: Wolfgang U. Eckart, Volker Sellin, Eike Wolgast (Eds.): The University of Heidelberg in National Socialism. Berlin 2006, p. 394.
  10. ^ Members of the HAdW since it was founded in 1909. Eugen Fehrle. Heidelberg Academy of Sciences, accessed on July 9, 2016 .
  11. Volker Sellin: The University of Heidelberg in 1945. In: Jürgen C. Heß, Hartmut Lehmann, Volker Sellin (Ed.): Heidelberg 1945 (= Transantlantic Studies. Volume 5). Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 1996, p. 101.
  12. Eugen Fehrle on the pages of the Heidelberger Geschichtsverein eV