Bushhtinamu
| Bushhtinamu | ||||||||||||
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Bushtinamu ( Crypturellus cinnamomeus ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Crypturellus cinnamomeus | ||||||||||||
| ( Lesson , 1842) |
The Thicket Tinamou ( Crypturellus cinnamomeus ) is a species of bird in the family of Tinamous (TINAMIFORMES). The species has a large range that includes the Central American countries Costa Rica , Nicaragua , Honduras , El Salvador , Guatemala , Belize, and Mexico . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .
features
The Buschtinamu reaches a body length of about 25.5 to 29 centimeters with a weight of about 480 grams. There is a pronounced dimorphism between the two sexes . The vertex of the male is dull brown to blackish. The lateral head, neck and back neck are reddish to dull red-brown. The plumage to the tail varies between reddish brown and olive brown and is often textured black, especially in the rear area. The wings and inner wings are speckled or grained brown-yellow to cream-white. The black-colored spaces are more noticeable than the light markings. The lower part of the front neck and the chest are more or less gray in color and turn reddish to cinnamon-colored on the chest and on the sides. Further back the color becomes paler. On the flanks and lower tail feathers, the male is ocher to brownish yellow, with the lower tail feathers decorated in gray to black. The iris is brown, the upper jaw matt black. He stands on pink to salmon red legs. In the female, the top of the head and the front neck are cinnamon-colored to reddish. They are often patterned with black bars. The back usually has particularly noticeable grain.
Habitat
The typical climatic zones in which the bird can be found are tropical to subtropical . Here it moves at heights between 0 and 1850 meters above sea level . The bird can be found in forest corridors close to rivers, in tropical deciduous forests and in secondary forests . Here he prefers dense undergrowth and especially thorny bromeliads . The bird is rarely found in extremely wet forests.
behavior
The Bushtinamu is rarely seen flying. He prefers to run or to freeze in the event of a threatening situation. Usually the bird lays 2 to 7 claret to gray eggs per brood. Usually it is only active in the early morning and late evening. It feeds on fallen fruits, seeds and now and then on small animals.
Subspecies
So far, nine subspecies of the Bushinamu are known, which differ mainly in their color.
| C. c. cinnamomeus ( Lesson , 1842) | Nominate form already described above. | South Guatemala via El Salvador to southern Honduras. In all the plateaus of these countries. |
| C. c. mexicanus ( Salvadori , 1895) | Much brown and lighter than other subspecies. The chestnut brown is replaced by olive on the head. | Central eastern Mexico from San Luis Potosí via Tamaulipas to the north of Veracruz |
| C. c. occidentalis ( Salvadori , 1895) | Similar to the subspecies mexicanus with the front neck and breast being light mouse gray in color. | Central western Mexico from Sinaloa to Guerrero |
| C. c. soconuscensis ( Brodkorb , 1939) | Somewhat darker throughout than the nominate form cinnamomeus . This is particularly noticeable on the front neck and chest. Slightly larger than cinnamomeus . | Southwest Mexico from Chiapas to the Pacific lowlands of Guatemala. |
| C. c. goldmani ( Nelson , 1901) | Slightly paler than the nominate form as well as weaker red patterns especially on the back and chest. The female differs noticeably from other subspecies by the contrast of the reddish breast and the light white lower breast part. | Southeast Mexico, northern Guatemala and northern Belize. In Mexico in Tabasco and the Yucatan Peninsula |
| C. c. sallaei ( Bonaparte , 1856) | Slightly darker than mexicanus . The front neck is dark gray. The breast is cinnamon. The female has stripes on the breast that other northern species do not have. | Southern Mexico, Veracruz to the south and Oaxaca to the north towards the Atlantic precipitation area. |
| C. c. vicinior ( Conover , 1933) | The differences can mainly be seen in the female. Here the top is lighter, brown and without a red cast. Neck, plumage slightly patterned. Upper tail feathers wider. Upper part of the chest okra colored . Lower part of the front neck gray. | Far south of Mexico, central Guatemala to central Honduras |
| C. c. delattrii ( Bonaparte , 1854) | Lighter than the nominate form. The back is brown and less red on the chest. Females are less grainy than in the nominate form. | West of Nicaragua. |
| C. c. praepes ( Bangs & Peters , 1927) | The female's lower neck is more clearly patterned than is the case with other subspecies. Upper side pale brown. Breast less reddish. | Northwest Costa Rica, lowlands of the Gulf of Nicoya to the Guanacaste Cordillera |
In addition, some authors still find the invalid taxon Crypturellus cinnamomeus inornatus in the literature (Nelson, 1931).
literature
- F. Gary Stiles , Dana Gardner , Alexander F. Skutch: A Guide to the Birds of Costa Rica . Comstock Publishing Associates, 1990, p. 66, ISBN 978-0801496004
- Steve NG Howell, Sophie Webb: A Guide to the Birds of Mexico and Northern Central America , Oxford University Press, 1995, p. 90, ISBN 978-0198540120
- Emmet Reid Blake: Manual of Neotropical Birds , University Of Chicago Press, 1977, pp. 46 ff., ISBN 978-0226056418
- H. Lee Jones, Dana Gardner: Birds of Belize , University of Texas Press, 2004, p. 21, ISBN 978-0292701649
- Pierce Brodkorb : New subspecies of birds from the destrict of Soconusco, Chiapas , Occasional Papers of the museum of Zoology, number 4, 1939
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Crypturellus cinnamomeus in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2011. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2009. Accessed November 14, 2011th
- ↑ AOU Check-List Area (English; PDF; 12.0 MB)
- ↑ Original article Brodkorb New subspecies of birds from the destrict of Soconusco, Chiapas (English; PDF; 194 kB)