Tabasco (State)

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Tabasco
Tabasco coat of arms
Vereinigte Staaten Guatemala Belize Honduras El Salvador Baja California Baja California Sur Sonora Chihuahua Sinaloa Durango Coahuila Nuevo Léon Tamaulipas Zacatecas Nayarit Colima Colima Aguascalientes Guanajuato Michoacán Mexiko-Stadt Tlaxcala Morelos Guerrero Michoacán Hidalgo Puebla Querétaro México Jalisco San Luis Potosí Veracruz Oaxaca Tabasco Campeche Chiapas Quintana Roo Campeche Yucatánmap
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Capital Villahermosa
surface 24,738 km² (rank 24 )
population 2,238,603 (rank 20 )
Population density 90.5 inhabitants per km²
(2010 census)
governor Adán Augusto López Hernández ( Morena )
(2019-2024 Template: future / in 4 years)
Federal MPs Morena = 4
PES = 2
(6 federal constituencies)
Senators Morena = 2
PRD = 1
ISO 3166-2 MX-TAB
Postal abbreviation Tab.
Website www.tabasco.gob.mx

Tabasco [ taˈβasko ], officially Free and Sovereign State of Tabasco ( Spanish Estado Libre y Soberano de Tabasco ), is a state of Mexico , immediately east of the isthmus of Tehuantepec on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico . Its capital is Villahermosa . The state has an area of ​​24,738 km² and a good 2.2 million inhabitants (2010). It borders Campeche to the east, Chiapas to the south and Veracruz to the west .

Municipalities (municipios) : 1. Balancán , 2. Cárdenas , 3. Centla , 4. Centro , 5. Comalcalco , 6. Cunduacán , 7. Emiliano Zapata , 8. Huimanguillo , 9. Jalapa , 10. Jalpa de Méndez , 11. Jonuta , 12th Macuspana , 13th Nacajuca , 14th Paraíso , 15th Tacotalpa , 16th Teapa , 17th Tenosique
Pantanos de Centla

Tabasco is divided into 17 Municipios , which are grouped into two regions and five sub-regions.

The largest cities are Villahermosa (approx. 350,000 inh.), Heroica Cárdenas (approx. 100,000 in.), Comalcalco (approx. 40,000 in.), Macuspana (approx. 32,000 in.) And Tenosique de Pino Suárez (32,000 in.) .

nature and landscape

The state of Tabasco consists largely of flat alluvial land deposited by the Río Usumacinta and Río Grijalva over the course of decades. In the delta of the mouth of the two rivers are the Pantanos de Centla , which are recognized as a biosphere reserve . To the south of this there is a slight hilly landscape with heights of around 50 to 200  m ; the highest elevations of max. 900  m can be found in the extreme south along the border with Chiapas.

climate

Tabasco has a humid, subtropical climate with average annual temperatures of over 25 ° C. The annual amount of precipitation reaches up to 2750 mm; Most of the rain falls in the summer months - only the months of March and April are comparatively dry.

Population development

year population
1950 362.716
1960 496.340
1970 768,327
1980 1,062,961
1990 1,501,744
1995 1,748,769
2000 1,891,829
2005 1,989,969
2010 2,238,603
2015 2,395,272

economy

As a purely agricultural country, Tabasco was one of the poorest states in Mexico for a long time, with a large proportion of livestock and grazing; and sugar cane was grown. Since the 1980s, oil production has been of major importance , which is largely operated offshore - ie on drilling rigs in the Gulf of Mexico - and has given Tabasco's economy an enormous boom. Prospecting in the Tabasco hinterland has revealed the presence of additional oil and gas reserves.

history

La Venta in the west of the state was from approx. 1200–600 BC. One of the most important centers of the Olmec culture, the artefacts found there are exhibited in Villahermosa in the Parque-Museo La Venta . The Maya also left ruin sites in Comalcalco in the east of the state and in Moral Reforma .

In Tabasco, the conquistador Hernán Cortés set foot on the American mainland for the first time in March 1519. Here the slave Malinche was handed over to him, who later served him well as an interpreter.

After the conquest by the Spaniards ( Conquista ) , Tabasco became part of the General Capitanate of Yucatán in the viceroyalty of New Spain in 1617 . A governor was in charge of administration and jurisdiction; the Real Audiencia of Mexico was in charge . With the independence of Mexico, the General Capitanate became a province in the Empire of Mexico .

From October to December 2007, Tabasco was exposed to massive flooding, which affected nearly half of the state's population.

Others

The region is named after the Tabasco sauce .

Web links

Commons : Tabasco  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Carmen Wurm: Doña Marina, la Malinche. A historical figure and its literary reception . Vervuert, Frankfurt am Main 1996, ISBN 978-3-96456-698-0 (accessed from De Gruyter Online), p. 19.

Coordinates: 17 ° 58 ′  N , 92 ° 35 ′  W