Caión
| Municipality of A Laracha: Caión | |||
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 Caión
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| coat of arms | Map of Spain | ||
 Help on coat of arms |
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| Basic data | |||
| Autonomous Community : |
 Galicia
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| Province : | A Coruña | ||
| Coordinates | 43 ° 19 ′ N , 8 ° 36 ′ W | ||
| Area : | 4.75 km² | ||
| Residents : | 859 (2013) INE | ||
| Population density : | 180.84 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Area code: | 15041020000 | ||
| Nearest airport : | A Coruña | ||
Caión is a fishing village and seaside resort in northern Galicia , 22 km west of A Coruña . It belongs to the municipality of A Laracha .
history
The names Cayo , Cayón and Caión are derived from the Galician Cagio , which means hedge or enclosed field . Originally the term may well have referred to a stone dam in a river; this meaning is retained in the French Quai . The term can be found in Roman place names such as Caiocum , today Cayeux-sur-Mer , Caiunus and Cagius . In Spain you can find Cayón in Cantabria on the Río Pisueña ; another Caión lies between the Sierra de Caballar , Sierra Carceña and Sierra Serracín mountains . Historically, a Caión 1198 is guaranteed in the area of Oña near Burgos . The Caión described here appears for the first time in a document from 1334 that mentions a Fernán de Caión . However, the sources do not allow an absolutely reliable derivation of the term.
In the Plaza de Vilafano there is a mansion from the 16th century. It belonged to Don Fernando Bermúdez de Castro , born in 1481, married to Doña Inés de Bermúdez . Fernando Bermúdez de Castro was ruler of the place for a while; he is buried in the collegiate church of Santa María del Campo in A Coruña, of which he was the first abbot. The northern part of this mansion consists of two floors, made of regular stone blocks, crowned by a tower, but marked by decay. From there, the Bermúdez de Castro exercised their rule, combined with their own jurisdiction and a prison. Don Fernando felt connected to the Augustinian order and advocated the establishment of an Augustinian convent. 1548 approved Pope Paul III. the building, which served as a parish church from then until 1955. The office of parish priest was the responsibility of the prior of the convent. The Romanesque church of Nuestra Señora de Los Milagros had previously served as a parish church.
Thanks to its prosperity in the 17th and 18th centuries, the convent was able to equip the church and the monastery premises with cult objects, furniture, altars, priestly robes and relics , so that it became a museum of sacred art. In 1767, under the reign of Charles III. , were the Jesuits from their convent in the Plaza de San Agustín. distributed in A Coruña. Today the Iglesia de San Jorge is located there . The Augustinians of Caión took this convent under their care and benefited from it. Around 1790 they had to move there completely because their own order was dissolved. This came to an end in 1838 when all monastic orders were suppressed and their properties confiscated.
In the 19th century, agriculture, fishing and sea trade grew and with them the town. Nobles and burghers lived in the city who pursued a wide range of trades and services; Craftsmen and artists also found their livelihood. However, towards the end of the 19th century, the population grew more slowly than in large cities. Among other things, losses from emigration slowed growth. Slow but steady modernization shaped the transition from the 19th to the 20th century.
With the abolition of feudal rule, an epoch of great upheavals began, which also reached Caión. The 1920s and 1960s in particular were characterized by modernization in agriculture and fishing. Fishing even turned into an industry in the 1960s.
Attractions
Ermita de los Milagros
The Ermita de Los Milagros , Chapel of Miracles, is located in the town of Outeiro. The church in the so-called Compostela Baroque style has a simple rectangular floor plan, a single nave and a gable roof. The west facade dates from 1836; it is adorned with the most and most creative decorations. Its gate has grooved side pillars and a fluted lintel. Above it is a tympanum in the form of a dummy window with two side pillars, without a portrait in the middle. Above that lies the actual rectangular window. Two large fluted pilasters and an ornate gable cornice form the frame around the portal facade. At the top of the gable is a two-part bell tower. The big bell hangs in the open lower, square part. The upper octagonal part is covered with a dome.
The previous church was probably a simple Romanesque church. In 1801, construction began on the new church, which was to take 35 years. In 1835, the stonemason Manuel María Nieto created the tower in the classical style. The bells were hung for the next two years. In 1871 Manuel Fernández created the classical altarpiece from chestnut wood. The granite enclosure is more recent. In 2006 the church was renovated.
There is a fountain at the exit on the south side. According to popular belief, its clear water works wonders. Services are only occasionally held in the church.
The church square offers a good view of the town of Caión.
Augustinian Convention
The Augustinian Convent, built in the 16th century, impresses with its rugged, massive shapes. The north side of the nave dominates the town's small market square.
South side
Choir
port
The port is relatively protected on the east side of the peninsula on which the place is located. The prevailing wind direction is northwest.
Caión has been whaling since the 13th century . The place, like other places in Galicia, had its own fishing district. The whales were processed on the beaches for shipment to France. The protests of sailors about polluted sewage and the disappearance of whales from the coastal waters of Galicia eventually led to the abandonment of whaling. Today, seafood , squid and a range of fish species are landed and sold in Caión , including hake , mackerel , turbot and conger eel . A large number of pleasure craft is regularly anchored.
Beach
The 500 m long beach is located in an open bay immediately southwest of the village. It has fine, light sand. For its water quality, its well-kept condition, the garbage disposal, the lifesavers and the parking spaces, it has been awarded the so-called Blue Ribbon for years .
Behind the beach there is a wooden promenade, the Paseo Maritimo . It continues, as a path and as part of the Galician Coastal Footpath, westward along the cliffs.
References and comments
- ↑ a b Unless other sources are given, this section is based on Juan Martínez Ortiz: Historia de Caión , on Pueblos de Galicia: Caión ( Memento of the original of November 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed November 2, 2014
- ↑ barroco compostelano
- ↑ a b This section is based on Caión ( Memento of the original dated November 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , A Laracha municipality website, accessed November 11, 2014
- ↑ Bandero Azul
