Canindé
| Canindé | |
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Coordinates: 4 ° 22 ′ S , 39 ° 19 ′ W
Canindé on the map of Ceará
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| Basic data | |
| Country | Brazil |
| Federal District |
 Ceará
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| City foundation | 1846 |
| Residents | 74,473 (IBGE / 2010) |
| City insignia | |
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| Detailed data | |
| surface | 3,218.481 km² |
| Population density | 23.14 inhabitants / km 2 |
| height | 148 m |
| Time zone | UTC −3 |
| City Presidency | Rozário Ximenes ( MDB ; 2017–2020) |
| City patron | Francis of Assisi |
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Canindé , officially Município de Canindé , is a city in the state of Ceará in northeastern Brazil , which, according to an estimate by the IBGE, had around 78,000 inhabitants in 2018 , half of whom live in smaller settlements in the interior of the country. From Fortaleza , the capital of the state of Ceará, you drive about 130 km west inland to reach this city. The city of Canindé is known throughout Brazil as the pilgrimage site of St. Francis of Assisi .
history
The area around today's city of Canindé was inhabited by the indigenous peoples of the Genipapo, Paiaku, Kariri and Canindés. In 2006, the residents of the neighboring city of Aratuba were recognized as descendants of the Canindés Indian tribe.
Portuguese settlers have settled there since the beginning of the 17th century - in the dry Sertão . They farmed and raised cattle. As the population continued to grow, the best soils on the Rio Canindé were divided into smaller plots by 1764 at the latest. The river gave the settlement its name.
In 1775 Francisco Xavier de Medeiros, a Portuguese general (Sargento-mor), had a small chapel built in honor of St. Francis of Assisi. In the documents for the foundation of the chapel, Canindé is referred to for the first time as "povoado", as an officially constituted settlement. Hundreds of people died in Canindé as in the whole of Ceará during the great drought in the "Year of the Triple Seven" (1777). The hungry took refuge in St. Francis; Reports of miracles worked in Canindé soon spread. The influx of pilgrims was so strong that the chapel soon had to be expanded (1796).
In 1846 Canindé received the status of a "vila" (small town). In 1898 the Capuchins were entrusted with the pastoral care of the pilgrims. In 1914 Canindé received the status of a " município " (city). In the 20th century, the Cordel booklets , which told of pilgrimages to Canindé and the healings that took place there, made the city known throughout northeastern Brazil.
Pilgrimage city
Hundreds of thousands of pilgrims come to Canindé every year to worship St. Francis of the Wounds (São Francisco das Chagas). This is the name by which the pilgrims know him, only for the initiated it is Francis of Assisi . According to popular belief, he is a saint who participates in people's lives and lives in Canindé, where the confreres sheltered him. People thank St. Francis in different ways for his intercession or when their wish has come true: they keep a promise, give money or bring symbols with them that represent a cured disease. These symbols, called " Es-Votus " (vows), are an indicator of how often certain illnesses occur and allow conclusions to be drawn about the social and psychological situation of people: head symbols represent e.g. B. Worries that cause headaches and cause headaches, such as family problems or unemployment.
Canindé is also known as "Terra de São Francisco" (Land of St. Francis) and "Cidade da fé" (City of Faith) because of the pilgrims' flow.
Geographical character
The topography is characterized by mountainous formations, mountains and high chains. These are rich in rocks formed by erosion , the "monólitos" (monoliths). The flora is a typical Caatinga species. The fauna is represented by many bird species. The bush steppes and bush forests (the “dry caatinga”) so typical of the northeast alternate with the barren “ Cerrado ” steppes and rocky mountain landscapes - and then again with the green zone influenced by the rainy season, the “ Agreste ”.
climate
The annual average temperature is around 31 ° C, with maximum temperatures of 37 ° C and minimum temperatures of 24 ° C. The rain is frequent between the months of May to August. The rest of the year is sunny and hot. The climate in the Sertão is usually hot and dry. In certain areas the annual rainfall is less than 500 mm, a number of dry years without a drop of rain is not uncommon.
sons and daughters of the town
- Timóteo Francisco Nemésio Pereira Cordeiro (1928–1990), Bishop of Tianguá
literature
- Venâncio Willeke: São Francisco das Chagas de Canindé. Resumo histórico . Editôra Mensageiro da Fê, Salvador da Bahia 1962.
- Third World project area of the Association of Catholic Student and University Congregations (AGG): Northeastern Brazil, for example Canindé . AGG, Bonn 1974.
- Arievaldo Viana: São Francisco de Canindé na literatura de cordel . Editora Ao Livro Tecnico, Fortaleza 2002, ISBN 85-89214-04-4 .
Web links
- City Prefecture website
- City Council website
- Canindé - panorama. IBGE (Brazilian Portuguese). (Statistical data)
Footnotes
- ^ Venâncio Willeke: São Francisco das Chagas de Canindé. Resumo histórico . Editôra Mensageiro da Fê, Salvador da Bahia 1962, p. 16.
- ↑ Ernani Silva Bruno: Historia do brasil geral e regional . Vol. 2: Nordeste: Maranhão, Piaui, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraiba, Pernambuco, Alagoas . Cultrix, São Paulo 1967, p. 109.
- ↑ Riolando Azzi: O catolicismo popular no Brasil. Aspectos históricos (= Coleção Cadernos de teologia e pastoral, vol. 11). Vozes, São Paulo 1978, p. 69.
- ↑ Estado do Ceará (ed.): Os municípios cearenses e seus distritos . Fortaleza 1983, p. 56.
- ↑ Dietmar Bader: Art. Canindé . In: Lexicon for Theology and Church , third edition, Vol. 2: Barclay to Damodos . Herder, Freiburg 1994, p. 921.
- ^ Leon Cardoso: Literatura de cordel. Uma questão da historiografia literária brasileira . Clube de Autores, Jacobina 2012, p. 218.
- ↑ Luís da Câmara Cascudo: Dicionário do folclore brasileiro , vol. 1: A. - I. Rio de Janeiro 1962, p. 188.
