Canon Reffye de 85 mm
Canon Reffye de 85 mm | |
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General Information | |
Military designation: | Canon Reffye de 85 mm |
Manufacturer country: | France |
Developer / Manufacturer: | "Arsenal d'Indret, Anciens Établissements Cail" (Paris 18 °) "Atelier de Construction de Tarbes" |
Development year: | 1870 |
Start of production: | 1873 |
Number of pieces: | approx. 2000 |
Model variants: | Canon de Reffye de 75 mm (or "de 5") |
Technical specifications | |
Overall length: | 4.65 m (with field gun carriage) 5.15 m (with fortress / siege carriage) |
Pipe length: | 2.12 m |
Caliber : |
85 mm |
Caliber length : | L / 20.28 |
Number of trains : | 14th |
Twist : | 8.35 ° clockwise |
Cadence : | 2 rounds / min |
Elevation range: | Field gun mount −4 ° to + 27 ° Siege and fortress mount −10 ° to + 30 ° Casemate mount −10 ° to + 30 ° angular degrees |
Side straightening area: | 360 ° |
Furnishing | |
Charging principle: | Breech loader with crank lock system Reffye |
Ammunition supply: | manually |
The Canon Reffye de 85 mm (also called Modèle 1873 or Canon de campagne de 7 ) was a 19th century gun . Originally a muzzle loader , it was retrofitted with a screw lock.
The designer was Général Jean-Baptiste Verchère de Reffye as director of the “Atelier de Meudon” and director of the “Fabrique d'armes et de canons de Tarbes”. It was one of the first cannons with a screw cap, the barrel was made of bronze and was 2.12 meters long. A grenade weighing 7 kg was fired. Introduced by the French army in 1873, the gun was replaced by the Canon Lahitolle de 95 mm as early as 1875 , but was still in the fortresses until 1906.
The broken-threaded breechblock was an entirely new system, a later version of which was used for the System de Bange guns. It was a relatively effective weapon, which was due to the use of a forerunner of cartridge ammunition as opposed to the powder sachet commonly used until then. The latch could be pulled back and then swiveled to the left on a hinge. The grenade or shrapnel was loaded first, followed by the powder cartridge . This consisted of six pressed powder rings in a paper mache tube with a metal base. This enabled faster loading.
Further technical data
- Projectile weight : HE grenade 7.1 kg, shrapnel 7.86 kg
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Maximum firing range : 5781 m (field gun)
6200 m (siege and fortress gun ) -
Carriages : Field gun carriage Tarbes Mle 1873
Casemate carriage for guns 5 and 7 Mle 1876
Siege / fortress carriage Mle 1880 -
Cost : 2600 gold francs (with bronze
pipe) 5000 gold francs (with steel pipe) -
Weight of the tube : 650 kg (bronze tube)
620 kg (steel tube) - Total weight :
- with bronze tube :
1285 kg (field carriage)
1768 kg (fortress / siege carriage with wheels type 95)
1876 kg (fortress / siege carriage with wheels type Arbel)
1275 kg (casemate carriage type 5 and 7)
with steel tube :
1255 kg (field carriage)
1738 kg (fortress / siege carriage with wheels type 95)
1846 kg (fortress / siege carriage with wheels type Arbel)
1245 kg (casemate carriage type 5 and 7)
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Azimuth : 81 ° (field mount)
81 ° (fortress / siege mount ) - Operating team : 5
- Previous models :
- Canon de 12 livres (twelve pounders)
- Canon de 8 livres (eight pounders)
- Canon de 6 livres (six pounder)
- Canon de 4 livres (four pounders)
- Successor models :
- In service : until 1906
Detail of the shutter ( Musée de l'Armée , Paris)
Individual evidence
- ^ Figuier - Les Merveilles de la science on Wikisource
- ↑ Gazette of the Arm. No. 193, September 1989
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Le canon de 7 de Reffye modèle 1873. In: Fortiff'Séré
- ^ Françoise and Claude Larronde: Le canon à balles pendant la guerre de 1870–1871. In: Art et Histoire à Vic-en-Bigorre
- ^ Françoise and Claude Larronde: Souvenir du général Verchère de Reffye. In: Art et Histoire à Vic-en-Bigorre
- ^ The United Service Magazine. No. 129, May – August 1872, p. 11.
Web links
- [1] in Fortiff'Séré