Canon de 80 modèle 1877

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Canon de 80 modèle 1877


Practice with the field cannon 80 de Bagne

General Information
Military designation: Canon de Bange de 80 mm or Canon modèle 1877/78
Manufacturer country: France
Developer / Manufacturer: Colonel Charles Ragon de Bange / Manufacture d'armes de Puteaux (APX)
Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire (Nantes)
Ets Sturmlinger (Le Havre)
Start of production: 1877
Model variants: 3
Weapon Category: Mountain gun 1877 - fortress / field gun 1878
Technical specifications
Overall length: 4.55 m (field gun), 5.4 m (fortress gun)
Pipe length: 2.28 m (field / fortress gun)
Caliber :

80 mm

Caliber length : L / 25.58
Number of trains : 24
Twist : 7th
Cadence : 2 rounds / min
Furnishing
Closure Type : System de Bange
Charging principle: manually
Ammunition supply: manually

The Canon de 80 modèle 1877 de Bange was a cannon of the French artillery of the 19th century. The pipe was made of steel with cables and fields and a closure from the System de Bange. As a medium caliber gun, it was intended for use against only lightly or unprotected objects and against human targets.

The developer was Charles Valérand Ragon de Bange , a polytechnician, colonel of the artillery and director of the "Atelier-de-précision" of the "Dépôt central" in Paris .

There were versions as a field gun on a Kastenholm field gun carriage, siege / fortress guns on an iron frame carriage with external, hydraulic return brake, as well as mountain guns on a reduced field gun carriage and an extendable mountain carriage.

It replaced the Canon Reffye de 85 mm and Canon Lahitolle de 95 mm (from 1875).

The cannons were used in the colonial wars and mainly in the First World War , as the enormous need for gun material made it necessary to use this relatively old pattern more intensively and to use it on all fronts.

At the beginning of the war in 1914, 778 pieces (including 78 mountain guns) were still in stock. Field, fortress and siege guns were assigned to the foot artillery. In the field artillery, the field guns had already been replaced by the successor Canon de 75 mm modèle 1897 in the years 1900 to 1906 , and in the mountain artillery by the Canon de montagne de 65mm modèle 1906 .

No cartridge ammunition was used; H. The grenade and the propellant charge in powder bags were loaded separately.

The cannon was the first to have a gas-tight screw lock , a system that is still used today. The closure allowed a much better use than it had been possible until then. The previous systems suffered from the fact that gases and flames escaped from the breech, which not only endangered the gunners, but also led to an unsatisfactory loss of performance. However, due to the lack of a return pipe and the need to set it up again after each shot, effective rapid fire was not possible. This shortcoming could only be remedied with the introduction of the Canon de 75 mle in 1897 .

Field and mountain guns were equipped with the usual wooden wheels with iron tires. The wheels “mle 95” and those from the “Arbel” system were available for the fortress guns. The “mle 95” wheels were easier to manufacture as they only consisted of the hub , an iron tire and flat iron spokes. The higher quality “Arbel” wheels were made of one piece of cast iron, a layer of wood was lined on the outer ring and this was again surrounded by an iron hoop. The better quality had to be bought with a weight that was 108 kg higher.

Carriage wheel system Arbel

Field gun, siege / fortress gun

Further technical information

  • Weights :
Total weight of the field gun: 960 kg
Total weight of the fortress / siege gun: 1548 kg
Total weight of the fortress / siege gun with wheels System Arbel: 1656 kg
  • Carriages :
Field gun carriage Mle 1878
Siege and fortress carriage Mle 1880
  • Maximum firing range
7100 m (field gun)
7700 m (fortress gun)
  • Alignment areas :
Elevation range: −5 ° to + 26 ° (field gun), −10 ° to + 40 ° (siege / fortress gun)
Lateral directional range in the mount: 78 ° (field gun), 81 ° (siege / fortress gun)
  • Reverse brake : Mle 1883 - Hydraulically for the siege / fortress mount attached to the gun platform
  • Tube type : jacket ring
  • Ignition : friction ignition
  • Trunnion  : diameter: 104 mm
  • Necessary ceiling height when used in a casemate : 1.85 m (field gun), 2.70 m (fortress / siege gun)
  • Cost per piece : (only tube with cap) around 1800 gold francs

Mountain gun

The Canon de 80 de montagne mle 1877 was the execution of the “Model Canon de Bange de 80” and was designed as a mountain gun. There were two different mounts, a one-piece and a shortened two-piece, which could be provided with an extension.

  • Mountain guns

  • 80 mm mountain gun System de Bangne ​​with one-piece mount. You can clearly see the split ammunition.

  • Canon de Bange de 80 mm on a mountain mount in the Military Museum in Budapest.

Technical information mountain gun

  • Military name : Canon de 80 de montagne modèle 1877
  • Manufacturer : Manufactures de Puteaux
  • Weights :
Weight tube: 105 kg
Total weight: 270 kg
Total weight with carriage extension: 317 kg
  • Caliber : 80 mm
  • Caliber length : L / 15
  • Pipe length : 1.2 m
  • Ammunition feed : manual
  • Maximum firing range :
with carriage extension 3635 m
without carriage extension 4251 m (because of the larger pipe elevation possible)
  • Rate of fire : 1.5 to 2 rounds / min
  • Types of fire : single fire
  • Ignition : friction ignition
  • Muzzle velocity_V0 : 257 m / s
  • Alignment areas:
Elevation range with carriage extension: −12 ° to + 23 °
Elevation range without carriage extension: −2 ° to + 33 °
Side straightening range: 0 °
  • Trains : 24
  • Twist : 7 ° clockwise
  • Loading principle : breech loader with crank lock system Bange
  • Carriage : Mountain carriage Mle 1878
  • Tube type : jacket ring
  • Trunk diameter: 68 mm
  • Necessary ceiling height when used in a casemate : 1.85 m
  • Cost per piece : (only tube with cap) about 3400 gold francs

Ammunition types

  • Propellant charge (Gargousse) in a cloth bag (serge or asbestos canvas)
1.5 kg C1 (field / fortress gun)
0.4 kg C1 (mountain gun)
  • High explosive grenade (Obus ordinaire)
Material: cast iron
Weight: 5.6 kg
Explosive charge: 0.24 kg MC 30 powder or 0.25 kg Melinit
Detonator: Impact detonator system “Budin” SM 25 m / m
  • Grape (Boite à mitraille)
Weight: 5.55 kg
Filling: 85 hardened lead balls of 44 g each
  • Shrapnel (Obus à balles)
Weight: 5.97 kg
Explosive charge: 0.15 kg powder MC 30
Filling: 93 lead balls in 9 containers, each ball of 16.9 g
Detonators: Double detonators C or SM 25 m / m
  • Grenade grenade (trolleybus à mitraille)
Weight: 6.3 kg
Explosive charge: 0.08 kg
Filling: 160 balls of 15 g each made of hardened lead in 7 rings made of cast iron, each with six predetermined breaking points
Detonator: Double detonator 30/38 mle 1884
  • Incendiary grenades (Projectiles incendiaires)
Filling: 4 fire containers
Explosive charge: 0.115 kg powder C1

More guns with the breech of the System de Bange

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Americana by Frederick Converse Beach, George Edwin Rines [1]
  2. ↑ http://jmpicquart.pagesperso-orange.fr/Canons.htm “Les armements et les techniques de combat: Canons” (jmpicquart.pagesperso-orange.fr). Retrieved September 5, 2010.

Web links