Canon de 75 mm modèle 1912 Schneider

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Canon de 75 mm modèle 1912 Schneider


"Canon de 75 modèle 1912 Schneider" in the Army Museum in Warsaw

General Information
Military designation: Canon de 75 mm modèle 1912 Schneider
Manufacturer designation: Canon de 75 de Cavalerie Schneider; 75. 1912 pp.
Manufacturer country: France
Developer / Manufacturer: Schneider & Cie.
Start of production: 1912
Number of pieces: > 168
Weapon Category: Field gun
Team: 6 soldiers
Technical specifications
Pipe length: 1905 mm
Caliber :

75 mm

Caliber length : 25.4
Weight ready for use: 965 kg
Cadence : 12-15 rounds / min
Elevation range: −8 to +17.30 degrees
Side straightening area: 9 °
Furnishing
Closure Type : Screw closure with interrupted thread
Charging principle: Breech loader, manual
Ammunition supply: Manually
Weight limber: 555 kg
Weight ready to drive: 1520 kg

The Canon de 75 mm modèle 1912 Schneider was a French field gun in 75 mm caliber produced by the armaments company Schneider et Cie . The cannon intended for the French cavalry was introduced to the troops from 1912 and used during the First World War. In the course of the war, the gun was replaced by the older Canon de 75 mm modèle 1897 because of the standardization and the comparatively low performance . Further configurations for export were developed and built.

history

The French army intended to equip their cavalry divisions, previously equipped with the Canon de 75 modèle 1897 ( "soixant-quinze" ), with a new, v. a. to equip lighter guns. A maximum weight of 1560 kg was required. Previous attempts to incl. Protze bringing 1970 kg heavy soixant XV to the required weight had failed, the gun itself weighed only 1205 kg. A fast-firing field gun that uses the standard ammunition of the soixante-quinze was also required . Unlike usual, the military did not turn to the state arsenals with this development request, but to private arms companies.

The weapons manufacturer Schneider et Cie had in advance under the name Canon de 75 de Cavalerie Schneider; Specification du Matériel 3 '' PD 13 already developed a gun for export to Russia. The abbreviation means: Nominal caliber 3 " (76.2mm), P = " puissant " (French: efficient), D = " ligne de mire organisée pour la division des operations de pointage " , 13 is the type code for the bullet caliber . The gun was equipped with a barrel return system and a quick release mechanism, and at 950 kg it was comparatively light. Due to these features, the design was basically suitable, only the barrel had to be adapted to the French standard ammunition. The project take was "PDbis" . Under the manufacturer name Canon de 75 de Cavalerie Schneider; Specification du Matériel 75. In 1912 S. an adaptation of the caliber to the French standard 75mm cartridge ammunition was carried out and from the spring of 1912 onwards the units were assigned as Canon de 75mm modèle 1912 Schneider . The main difference between the type 75.1912 S. and the type 3 "PD 13" was the changed barrel in caliber 75 mm instead of 3 "with a barrel length of 25.4 calibers compared to 27 calibres. Due to the modified barrel and the different ammunition type, the aiming angles changed slightly, the maximum firing range was reduced by 900 m and 500 m respectively. The gun weighed 1520 kg with limber and 1617 kg with ammunition wagon. The fully equipped gun weighed 1062 kg, the towing car 555 kg.

With the new model, ten groups of mounted artillery , each with three batteries with four guns each, were to be equipped. Each gun was drawn by six horses. At the beginning of the war, however, the conversion was not yet completed, and several of the batteries still used the Canon de 75 mm modèle 1897. The guns for a further 12 batteries were ordered in September 1914 and delivered in May 1915. In the same month, another 200 guns were ordered and delivered during 1916. After these two orders, production was discontinued in favor of soixant-quinze due to standardization. Whether and how many of the guns were used up, decommissioned and scrapped cannot be clarified beyond doubt; the same applies to losses from missions. An unknown number of French guns went to Poland after the war and were used during the Soviet-Polish War. The variant 75. 1912 S. was also used by the Kingdom of Serbia during the First World War , Belgium also received models of this type. Two types are documented for the Italian market: 75. A . and 75th PD 12 . The number of units and the whereabouts of the exported models are unclear.

The Canon de 75 mm modèle 1912 Schneider is not to be confused with the similarly constructed Canon de 75 de Campagne Schneider; 75, 1914 p .; 75 GCS and the Canon de 75 mm modèle 1915 Saint-Chamond . Also the 75mm block house cannon originally used in the Char Schneider CA1 ; 75. BS is a different type from the same manufacturer.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Bernard Plumier et al .: Fiches_France . Ed .: Passioncompassion1418.com, Bernard Plumier. June 2010, p. 5 .
  2. ↑ Office of the Chief of Ordnance (ed.): Handbook of Artillery . Ordnance Department Document No. 2033. Government Printing Office, Washington May 1920, pp. 83 ( archive.org ).
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Schneider & Cie (ed.): Catalog des matériels d'artillerie Schneider et Compagnie mis en service sur les fronts alliés en 1914-1917 . Paris 42, Rue D´Anjou 1917, pp. 71-73 ( u-bourgogne.fr ).
  4. ↑ Schneider & Cie (ed.): Catalog des matériels d'artillerie Schneider et Compagnie mis en service sur les fronts alliés en 1914-1917 . Paris 42, Rue D´Anjou 1917, p. 75-81 ( u-bourgogne.fr ).
  5. ^ Charlie Clelland: Canon de 75 (Mle 1915) Saint-Chamond - Mondragon. Landships II, accessed October 27, 2019 .
  6. ↑ Schneider & Cie (ed.): Catalog des matériels d'artillerie Schneider et Compagnie mis en service sur les fronts alliés en 1914-1917 . Paris 42, Rue D´Anjou 1917, p. 203-207 ( u-bourgogne.fr ).

literature

  • Pierre Touzin, François Vauvillier: L'artillerie de campagne (= Les canons de la victoire 1914-1918. Volume 1). Histoire et Collections, Paris 2006, ISBN 978-2-35250-022-3 (new edition 2009, ISBN 978-2-35250-106-0 ), p. 16.

Web links