Canon de 90 mm modèle 1877

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Canon de 90 mm modèle 1877


Canon de 90 on field gun carriage modèle 1878

General Information
Military designation: Canon de Bange de 90 mm
Manufacturer country: FranceFrance France
Developer / Manufacturer: "Anciens Établissements Cail"
Development year: 1877
Start of production: 1877
Number of pieces: 3994
Model variants: 2
Weapon Category: Field and fortress artillery
Team: 5
Technical specifications
Overall length: Field gun carriage: 4.75 m, fortress / siege carriage: 5.4 m
Pipe length: 2,325 m
Caliber :

90 mm

Caliber length : L 25.58
Number of trains : 27
Twist : 7 °
Cadence : 2 rounds / min
Elevation range: −6 ° to + 25 ° (field gun)
-10 ° to + 40 ° (fortress / siege gun) degrees of angle
Furnishing
Closure Type : System de Bange
Charging principle: Manually
Ammunition supply: Manually

The Canon de Bange de 90 mm (also Canon modèle 1877 ) was a gun of the French artillery in the 19th and 20th centuries. The pipe was made of steel and fitted with a de Bange closure. It was the successor to the Canon Reffye de 85 mm and was replaced by the Canon de 75 mm modèle in 1897 . Their period of use was between 1877 and 1944.

Système de Bange.

Manufacturer was the company "Anciens Établissements Cail" (Paris 18 °). 3994 copies were made at a unit price of around 3800 gold francs .

At the start of the war in 1914, they were mainly assigned to the foot artillery regiments, but were also used by the field artillery.

concept

Its developer Charles Valérand Ragon de Bange was a polytechnician, colonel in the artillery and director of the "Atelier-de-précision" of the "Dépôt central" in Paris .

The system was the first to have a gas-tight screw cap , which is still used today. The closure allowed a much better use than it had been possible until then. The previous systems suffered from the fact that gases and flames escaped from the breech, which not only endangered the gunners, but also led to an unsatisfactory loss of performance. However, due to the lack of a return pipe and the possibly necessary new setup after each shot, effective rapid fire was not possible. This shortcoming could only be remedied with the introduction of the successor model Canon de 75 mm modèle in 1897 .

This weapon system had its great moments in the colonial wars, but was also used on a massive scale in the First World War. The latter was due to the great need for gun material. The height direction was carried out using a hand crank that acted on a worm gear. The fortress / siege carriage was then fitted with a hydraulic return system Mle. Equipped in 1883.

Countries of operation

FranceFrance France United Kingdom Finland
United KingdomUnited Kingdom 
FinlandFinland 

Further technical data

Field caliber: 90 mm
Caliber of the trains: 91 mm
Carriage:
Field gun carriage Mle 1878
Fortress / siege carriage Mle 1880
Total length with field gun carriage: 4.75 m
Total length with fortress / siege carriage: 5.4 m
  • Clasp
Total length: 146 mm
Thread length: 88 mm
Diameter in the thread depth: 102.5 mm
Outside diameter of the thread: 110 mm
Closure weight: 16.42 kg
  • Weights
Weight of the field gun carriage: 680 kg
Weight of the fortress carriage with M 95 wheels: 1118 kg
Weight of the fortress carriage with wheels "Arbel": 1226 kg
Weight in firing position with field gun carriage: 1210 kg
Weight in firing position fortress carriage with M 95 wheels: 1648 kg
Weight in firing position fortress carriage with wheels "Systéme Arbel": 1756 kg
Tube weight: 530 kg
  • Track width
Field gun carriage: 1,525 m
Fortress carriage with M 95 wheels: 1.545 m
“Systéme Arbel” fortress carriage with wheels: 1.6 m
  • azimuth
81 ° (all mounts)
  • ammunition
HE grenade
Weight: 7.95 kg
Powder charge: 0.280 kg powder MC30 or 0.350 kg Melinit
shrapnel
Weight: 8.165 kg
Powder load: 0.130 kg powder F1 or F3
160 balls of 15 grams each
Grapeshot
Weight: 7.8 kg
123 lead balls

  • Gun in action 1898. Painting by Étienne-Prosper Berne-Bellecour.

  • Relocating a gun (1898). Painting by Étienne-Prosper Berne-Bellecour.

  • Canon de 90 de Bange des 43 e RAC, Gernicourt (Aisne), January 1915

  • Exhibit in a military museum in Finland.

  • Exhibit in a military museum in Finland.

  • Modified gun in Finland during World War II.

More guns with the breech of the System de Bange

Footnotes and individual references

  1. ↑ a b c Fiche descriptive du Canon de 90 De Bange sur fortiffsere.fr
  2. ↑ http://basart.artillerie.asso.fr/article.php3?id_article=514 [Canon de 90mm, modèle 1877 (de Bange)]
  3. ↑ Page: Figuier - Les Merveilles de la science, 1867 - 1891, Tome 6.djvu / 168. (2015, September 5). Wikisource. Page consultée le 08:19, septembre 5, 2015 à partir de //fr.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Page:Figuier_-_Les_Merveilles_de_la_science,_1867_-_1891,_Tome_6.djvu/168&oldid=5225025.
  4. ↑ Le canon 90 de Bange [1]
  5. ↑ Artillery lourde [2]
  6. ^ JD Sainsbury, The Hertfordshire Batteries of the Royal Field Artillery, Hart Books, Welwyn, 1996 ISBN 978-0-948527-04-3 , p. 93
  7. ↑ Appendix 3 in Maj AF Becke, History of the Great War: Order of Battle of Divisions, Part 2b: The 2nd-Line Territorial Force Divisions (57th – 69th), with the Home-Service Divisions (73rd – 74th) and 74th and 75th Divisions , London: HM Stationery Office, 1937 / Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2007, ISBN 1-847347-39-8 .

Web links

Commons : De Bange 90mm cannon  - collection of images, videos and audio files