Canon Reffye de 85 mm

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Canon Reffye de 85 mm


Canon Reffye de 85 mm on "Kasemattlafette Mle 1880" (called grasshopper carriage )

General Information
Military designation: Canon Reffye de 85 mm
Manufacturer country: France
Developer / Manufacturer: "Arsenal d'Indret, Anciens Établissements Cail" (Paris 18 °)
"Atelier de Construction de Tarbes"
Development year: 1870
Start of production: 1873
Number of pieces: approx. 2000
Model variants: Canon de Reffye de 75 mm (or "de 5")
Technical specifications
Overall length: 4.65 m (with field gun carriage)
5.15 m (with fortress / siege carriage)
Pipe length: 2.12 m
Caliber :

85 mm

Caliber length : L / 20.28
Number of trains : 14th
Twist : 8.35 ° clockwise
Cadence : 2 rounds / min
Elevation range: Field gun mount −4 ° to + 27 °
Siege and fortress mount −10 ° to + 30 °
Casemate mount −10 ° to + 30 ° angular degrees
Side straightening area: 360 °
Furnishing
Charging principle: Breech loader with crank lock system Reffye
Ammunition supply: manually

The Canon Reffye de 85 mm (also called Modèle 1873 or Canon de campagne de 7 ) was a 19th century gun . Originally a muzzle loader , it was retrofitted with a screw lock.

The designer was Général Jean-Baptiste Verchère de Reffye as director of the “Atelier de Meudon” and director of the “Fabrique d'armes et de canons de Tarbes”. It was one of the first cannons with a screw cap, the barrel was made of bronze and was 2.12 meters long. A grenade weighing 7 kg was fired. Introduced by the French army in 1873, the gun was replaced by the Canon Lahitolle de 95 mm as early as 1875 , but was still in the fortresses until 1906.

The broken-threaded breechblock was an entirely new system, a later version of which was used for the System de Bange guns. It was a relatively effective weapon, which was due to the use of a forerunner of cartridge ammunition as opposed to the powder sachet commonly used until then. The latch could be pulled back and then swiveled to the left on a hinge. The grenade or shrapnel was loaded first, followed by the powder cartridge . This consisted of six pressed powder rings in a paper mache tube with a metal base. This enabled faster loading.

Further technical data

  • Projectile weight : HE grenade 7.1 kg, shrapnel 7.86 kg
  • Maximum firing range : 5781 m (field gun)
    6200 m (siege and fortress gun )
  • Carriages : Field gun carriage Tarbes Mle 1873
    Casemate     carriage for guns 5 and 7 Mle 1876
    Siege / fortress     carriage Mle 1880
  • Cost : 2600 gold francs (with bronze
    pipe) 5000 gold francs (with steel pipe)
  • Weight of the tube : 650 kg (bronze tube)
    620 kg (steel tube)
  • Total weight :
with bronze tube :
1285 kg (field carriage)
1768 kg (fortress / siege carriage with wheels type 95)
1876 ​​kg (fortress / siege carriage with wheels type Arbel)
1275 kg (casemate carriage type 5 and 7)
with steel tube :
1255 kg (field carriage)
1738 kg (fortress / siege carriage with wheels type 95)
1846 kg (fortress / siege carriage with wheels type Arbel)
1245 kg (casemate carriage type 5 and 7)
  • Azimuth : 81 ° (field mount)
    81 ° (fortress / siege mount )
  • Operating team : 5
  • Previous models :
Canon de 12 livres (twelve pounders)
Canon de 8 livres (eight pounders)
Canon de 6 livres (six pounder)
Canon de 4 livres (four pounders)
  • Successor models :
Canon de 90 mm modèle 1877
Canon Lahitolle de 95 mm
Canon de 75 mm modèle 1897
  • In service : until 1906
  • Details

  • Crack drawing of the Canon de Reffye (bronze pipe)

  • Detail of the shutter ( Musée de l'Armée , Paris)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Figuier - Les Merveilles de la science on Wikisource
  2. ↑ Gazette of the Arm. No. 193, September 1989
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Le canon de 7 de Reffye modèle 1873. In: Fortiff'Séré
  4. ^ Françoise and Claude Larronde: Le canon à balles pendant la guerre de 1870–1871. In: Art et Histoire à Vic-en-Bigorre
  5. ^ Françoise and Claude Larronde: Souvenir du général Verchère de Reffye. In: Art et Histoire à Vic-en-Bigorre
  6. ^ The United Service Magazine. No. 129, May – August 1872, p. 11.

Web links

  • [1] in Fortiff'Séré