Yellow sedge

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Yellow sedge
Yellow Sedge (Carex flava)

Yellow Sedge ( Carex flava )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sourgrass family (Cyperaceae)
Genre : Sedges ( Carex )
Type : Yellow sedge
Scientific name
Carex flava
L.

The yellow sedge ( Carex flava ), also called large yellow sedge , is a species of the genus Seggen ( Carex ) within the sour grass family (Cyperaceae). It belongs to a group of closely related species that can be summarized as yellow sedges ( Carex flava agg.).

description

illustration

Vegetative characteristics

The yellow sedge is a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 15 to 70 centimeters. With its rhizome it forms dense lawns . The stiff upright stem is about 1 millimeter thick, sharp triangular and about as long or longer as the leaves. The stem is smooth and leafy in the lower half and at the base. The basal leaf sheaths are straw-colored to light brown. The ligule are about 1 millimeter long. The leaves are 2 to 5 millimeters wide, light green, later yellow-green.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to August. The bracts are usually much longer than the inflorescence, the lowest is up to 10 centimeters long. The inflorescence contains two to four female spikelets and one terminal male spikelet. All spikelets are closer to each other, only the lowest is sometimes a little further. The female spikelets are sessile or short-stalked and are ovoid to short cylindrical with a length of 5 to 15 millimeters and a width of 8 to 10 millimeters, the upper spherical.

The husks of the female flowers are about 3 millimeters in length shorter than the tubes, light green at the base, light brown to red-brown above, with narrow white-skinned edges and a green central stripe. The tubes are inflated, triangular, but crooked and convex on one side and flat to concave on the other. They are narrowed towards the top into a two-toothed beak. The beak is about 3 millimeters long and the tube 3.5 to 7 millimeters long. There are three scars.

The fruit is obovate, triangular, small, brown and does not fill the tube.

The chromosome number is 2n = 60 for both varieties.

Occurrence

The distribution area of the yellow sedge extends in the northern hemisphere from Europe and northwest Africa to northwest Iran and from Canada to the northern United States .

The yellow sedge thrives on ooze-wet , base-rich and mostly lime-rich, mild-moderately acidic swamp humus soils in limestone, low and spring moors , also in rush meadows and on forest paths. She is a species of character of the order Tofieldietalia.

Systematics

Carex flava was first published in 1753 by Carl von Linné . Synonyms for Carex flava L. are: Carex echinata Lam. nom. illeg., Carex patula Host nom. illeg., Carex uetliaca Suter nom. superfl., Carex flavella V.I.Krecz. , Carex flavofulva Beurl. , Carex foliosa All. , Carex laxior (chick.) Mack. , Carex viridis Honck. , Carex lepidocarpa var. Laxior Kük. , Carex oederi var. Microcarpa Font Quer , Carex nevadensis subsp. flavella (VIKrecz.) Patzke & Podlech , Carex nevadensis subsp. alpina (Kneuck.) Podlech , Carex flava subsp. alpina (Kneuck.) O Bolòs , Carex flava subsp. macrorrhyncha Celak. nom. inval., Carex flava subsp. macrorrhyncha Celak. nom. inval., Carex flava var. alpina Kneuck. , Carex flava var. Barrerae O.Bolòs , Carex flava var. Brevirostris Asch. & Graebn. , Carex flava var. Congesta Neuman , Carex flava var. Deficiens Peterm. , Carex flava var. Densa Gaudin , Carex flava var. Dispersa Neuman , Carex flava var. Fertilis Peck , Carex flava var. Gaspensis Fernald , Carex flava var. Graminis L.H.Bailey , Carex flava var. Intermedia Coss. & Germ. , Carex flava var. Laxior (Kük.) Gleason , Carex flava var. Patula Klett & Richt. , Carex flava var. Pygmaea Andersson , Carex flava var. Rectirostra Gaudin , Carex flava var. Rectirostris Peterm. , Carex flava var. Uetliaca (Suter) Nyman , Carex flava var. Vulgaris Döll .

Of Carex flava Oberdorfer differs 2001, two varieties, however, are known for WCSP no subtaxa , because P. Jiménez-Mejías, S. Martín Bravo, M. Luceño: Systematics and taxonomy of Carex sect. Ceratocystis (Cyperaceae) in Europe: A molecular and cytogenetic approach. In: Systematic Botany , Volume 37, 2012, pp. 382–398 evaluates all subtaxa as synonyms.

Historically according to Oberdorfer 2001:

  • Carex flava L. var. Flava : In her, the fruit sacs are gradually contracted into the beak and finally thrown back.
  • Carex flava var. Alpina Kneuck. (Syn .: Carex flavella Krecz. ): With her the sacs are suddenly drawn together in the almost straight beak and finally sticking out on all sides. It occurs mainly in the Caricetum frigidae or in the moist Nardetum. In the Allgäu Alps in Bavaria near the Koblachhütte north of Warth , it rises to an altitude of 1900 meters.

literature

  • Wolfram Schultze Motel (Ed.): Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta . Founded by Gustav Hegi. 3rd, completely revised edition. Volume II. Part 1: Angiospermae: Monocotyledones 2 (Cyperaceae - Juncaceae) . Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1980, ISBN 3-489-54020-4 (published in deliveries 1967–1980).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  191 .
  2. ↑ a b c Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Carex flava. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 19, 2016.
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 279.

Web links

Commons : Yellow Sedge ( Carex flava )  - album containing pictures, videos and audio files