Carlhint time
| Carlhint time | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| General and classification | |
| other names |
IMA 1978-031 |
| chemical formula |
|
|
Mineral class (and possibly department) |
Halides |
|
System no. to Strunz and to Dana |
3.CB.45 ( 8th edition : III / C.03) 06/11/07/01 |
| Crystallographic Data | |
| Crystal system | triclinic |
| Crystal class ; symbol | triclinic pedial 1 or -pinacoidal 1 |
| Room group (no.) | C 1 or C 1 (No. 1 or 2) |
| Lattice parameters |
a = 9.48 Å ; b = 6.98 Å; c = 9.30 Å α = 91.1 °; β = 104.8 °; γ = 90.0 ° |
| Formula units | Z = 4 |
| Frequent crystal faces | {100} and {001}, also (110) |
| Twinning | Rotation twins according to [101] |
| Physical Properties | |
| Mohs hardness | not defined |
| Density (g / cm 3 ) | measured: 2.86; calculated: 2.89 |
| Cleavage | not defined |
| colour | colorless, white |
| Line color | White |
| transparency | transparent to translucent |
| shine | Glass gloss |
| Crystal optics | |
| Refractive indices |
n α = 1.411 n β = 1.416 n γ = 1.422 |
| Birefringence | δ = 0.011 |
| Optical character | biaxial positive |
| Axis angle | 2V = 77 ° (measured); 86 ° (calculated) |
Carlhintzeit is a very rarely occurring mineral from the mineral class of " halides ". It crystallizes in the triclinic crystal system with the chemical composition Ca 2 [F | AlF 6 ] · H 2 O and structurally belongs to the island aluminofluorides with calcium .
Carlhintzeit only develops very small, tabular to prismatic crystals up to about two millimeters in length, which, due to the formation of twins, have predominantly pseudo- monoclinic shapes and are also mostly arranged in the form of radial, tufted mineral aggregates .
The crystals themselves are colorless and transparent and show a glass-like sheen on the surface . However, due to multiple refraction due to lattice construction defects or polycrystalline formation in aggregate form, the mineral can also appear white, whereby the transparency decreases accordingly.
Etymology and history
The Carlhint Age was first discovered in the pegmatites of the Hagendorf -Süd opencast mine near Waidhaus in the Upper Palatinate Forest (Bavaria) and described in 1979 by Pete J. Dunn , Donald R. Peacor and Bozidar Darko Sturman , who named the mineral after the German mineralogist and crystallographer Carl Hintze named in order to honor the "Handbuch der Mineralogie" published by him as his life's work.
Type material of the mineral is stored in the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada (Catalog No. M35498) and the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, DC, USA (Catalog No. B20119).
classification
In the outdated, but partly still in use 8th edition of the mineral classification according to Strunz , the Carlhint period belonged to the mineral class of the "halides" and there to the division of the "double halides (mostly with OH, H 2 O)", where together with chiolite , karasugite , Neighborit , Prosopit , Ralstonite , Rosenbergit , Thermessait , Usovit and Weberit the "chiolite-Ralstonite group" with the system number. III / C.03 formed.
The 9th edition of Strunz's mineral systematics , which has been in effect since 2001 and is used by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA), also assigns the Carlhint period to the class of “halides”, although there it is in the “complex halides” department. This is also further subdivided according to the crystal structure , so that the mineral can be found according to its composition in the sub-section "Island aluminofluoride (Neso-aluminofluoride)", where it is the only member of the unnamed group 3.CB.45 .
The systematics of minerals according to Dana , which is mainly used in the English-speaking world , assigns the Carlhint period to the class of "halides" and there in the department of "complex halides - aluminum fluorides". Here he is the only member of the unnamed group 11.06.07 within the sub-section “Complex halides - aluminum fluorides with different formulas”.
Education and Locations
Carlhint time is formed secondarily by hydrothermal conversion from triphylene into pegmatites . The accompanying minerals include apatite , pyrite , rock bridge and strictite .
As a very rare mineral formation, Carlhintzeit could only be proven in a few samples from less than ten localities. In addition to its type of locality , the now no longer operated and flooded opencast mine Hagendorf-Süd near Waidhaus, the mineral has so far only been discovered in Germany on the natural monument "Kreuzberg", a 38 m high rose quartz rock near Pleystein in the Upper Palatinate district of Neustadt an der Waldnaab.
Other previously known sites (as of 2014) are the Mina "El Gigante" in the Punilla department in the central Argentine province of Córdoba, the Serra Branca Pegmatite near Pedra Lavrada in the Brazilian state of Paraíba and the "Perda Niedda Mine" in the municipality of Domusnovas on the Italian island Sardinia.
Crystal structure
Carlhintzeit crystallizes triclinically in the space group C1 or C 1 (space group no. 1 or 2) with the lattice parameters a = 9.48 Å ; b = 6.98 Å; c = 9.30 Å; α = 91.1 °; β = 104.8 ° and γ = 90.0 ° as well as 4 formula units per unit cell .
See also
literature
- Pete J. Dunn, Donald R. Peacor, B. Darko Sturman: Carlhintzeite, a new calcium aluminum fluoride hydrate from the Hagendorf pegmatites, Bavaria, Germany. In: The Canadian Mineralogist. Volume 17 (1979), pp. 103-105 ( PDF 239.1 kB )
Web links
- Mineral Atlas: Carlhint Age (Wiki)
- Webmineral - Carlhintzeite
- American-Mineralogist-Crystal-Structure-Database - Carlhintzeite
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Hugo Strunz , Ernest H. Nickel: Strunz Mineralogical Tables . 9th edition. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagbuchhandlung (Nägele and Obermiller), Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-510-65188-X , p. 163 .
- ^ IMA / CNMNC List of Mineral Names; March 2014 (PDF 1.5 MB)
- ↑ a b c d Carlhintzeite , In: John W. Anthony, Richard A. Bideaux, Kenneth W. Bladh, Monte C. Nichols (Eds.): Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineralogical Society of America , 2001. ( PDF 91.5 kB )
- ↑ a b c Mindat - Carlhintzeite
- ↑ Pete J. Dunn, Donald R. Peacor, B. Darko Sturman: Carlhintzeite, a new calcium aluminum fluoride hydrate from the Hagendorf pegmatites, Bavaria, Germany. In: The Canadian Mineralogist. Volume 17 (1979), pp. 103-105 ( PDF 239.1 kB )
- ↑ Find location list for Carlhintzeit in the Mineralienatlas and in Mindat