Cathedral of Saint Paul (Saint Paul)
_5.jpg)
The Cathedral of Saint Paul in Saint Paul , the capital of the US -Bundesstaats Minnesota , also called the National Shrine of the Apostle Paul is known, is the Episcopal Church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis , and since 2009 national shrine . The Archdiocese's co- cathedral is St. Mary's Basilica in Minneapolis . The neo-Romanesque - neo - Byzantine cross -domed church , designed by the French architect Emmanuel Louis Masqueray and built between 1906 and 1915, stands on Summit Hill above downtown Saint Paul.
history
In the early 19th century, French-Canadian settlers settled in what is now the city of Saint Paul . In 1841 they built a wooden chapel on a hill on the banks of the Mississippi . Their patronage Saint Paul became the name of the settlement, which until then was called Pig's Eye after the nickname of the first settler .
In the 1840s the chapel was enlarged to double its size and in 1851 it was made the procathedral of the new diocese of Saint Paul. The first bishop Joseph Crétin had a new cathedral built on another, more centrally located property. It was also only a temporary solution - the church space was one floor in a multi-storey diocesan building - and already too small when it was completed. In 1854 the construction of a larger, representative cathedral began on a new plot of land. However, the work was interrupted during the economic crisis of 1857 and completed in 1858, greatly reduced.
The rapidly growing population soon made this building too inadequate. In the 1880s, the preliminary planning for today's cathedral began, pushed ahead from 1884 by Archbishop John Ireland . After a long search, the exposed site on Summit Hill was acquired. An executive and fundraising committee was formed, and in 1905 Masqueray, originally from France and trained at the École des Beaux-Arts de Paris , was commissioned to design it. Over 60,000 people attended the foundation stone ceremony on June 2, 1907. Archbishop Ireland celebrated the first Holy Mass in the new cathedral on Palm Sunday 1915. The interior design took decades to complete. Finally, in 1958, Archbishop William O. Brady made the consecration in a five-hour ceremony .
In 1974 the cathedral was added to the United States' National Register of Historic Places . In 1987 five bronze church bells were purchased from France. The copper dome was renovated in 2002. In 2009 the Bishops' Conference of the United States declared the cathedral a national shrine.
architecture
The Cathedral of Saint Paul is built of granite and travertine and has 3,000 seats. It is an outstanding example of the eclectic Beaux Arts architecture in the USA. Its nave, which is only one yoke, forms a Greek cross with the transept arms of the same length and the spacious ambulatory choir with a chapel wreath . The copper-clad dome with a crowning lantern stands above the center . It is 53 m high with a diameter of 29 m and has a round, windowed drum with eight turrets. The portal facade faces east and is lavishly designed with two flank towers and rich sculptural decorations. Between the portal arch and the gable roof, Christ can be seen surrounded by apostles ; outside the statues of Peter and Paul. The arch bears the Latin inscription Euntes ergo docete omnes gentes (“Go and teach all peoples”, Matthew 28:19 EU , Vulgate ).
Furnishing
Inside, the view from all sides falls on the high altar with its ciborium . Wall decorations and sculptures illustrate the Passion of Christ, the seven sacraments , the seven gifts of the Holy Spirit and the life of the Apostle Paul. The windows of the dome drum show the choirs of angels . Larger-than-life statues of the evangelists stand on the four pillars that support it , above are mosaics with allegories of the cardinal virtues . The rose windows on the portal facade and the transept arms as well as numerous other picture windows show biblical and hagiographic motifs with a special reference to the church history of America.
The six chapels in the ambulatory are dedicated to the patron saints of the nations from which most of the Catholic immigrants came: Anthony of Padua for Italy, John the Baptist for France and Canada, Patrick for Ireland, Boniface for Germany, and Cyril and Method for the Slavs. Therese von Lisieux stands for world mission .
Organs
The cathedral has two Skinner organs from 1927 and 1963. The choir organ was built in 1927; the instrument has 32 stops on three manual works and a pedal, and is located behind a wooden wall; the play area is behind the main altar.
The main organ on the gallery was completed in 1963. The instrument initially had 53 stops on three manual works and a pedal. On the occasion of the cathedral anniversary in 2015, both instruments were revised. The main organ was expanded and placed in a new organ case, which leaves the rose window free and fits better into the architecture of the cathedral. In addition, the main organ was expanded to include a fourth manual (Bombardenwerk) with 12 registers, including a high-pressure register Pontifical Trompette. Each instrument was given a new, identical console from which both organs can be played today. The action actions are pneumatic, the stop actions are electric. The main organ today has 78 stops, including 11 extended stops and 16 transmissions.
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Individual evidence
- ↑ gcatholic.org
- ↑ lareau.org ( Memento of March 29, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ history
- ↑ art & architecture
- ↑ Information on the organs (as of December 6, 2018)
Web links
- Network presence of the Cathedral (English)
- Audiovisual tour (English)
- More information about the cathedral (website of the archdiocese, English)
Coordinates: 44 ° 56'49 " N , 93 ° 6'33.3" W.