Ch-80

Ch-80
P-750 meteorite
General Information
Type	Cruise missiles
Local name	Ch-80, 9M25 meteorite
NATO designation	AS-19 koala
Country of origin	Soviet Union / Russia
Manufacturer	OKB-52 Chelomei / MKB Raduga
development	1976
Commissioning	Development stopped
Technical specifications
length	12.80 m
diameter	1,200 mm
Combat weight	6,300 kg (without booster)
span	5,100 mm
Drive First stage Second stage	Solid fuel booster KR-23 Ramjet
speed	1,005 m / s ( Mach 3.0)
Range	up to 5,000 km
Service ceiling	24.0000 m
Furnishing
steering	INS + astronavigation
Target location	TERCOM
Warhead	2 × nuclear warheads of 100 kT each
Weapon platforms	Tu-95 bombers , Tu-160
Lists on the subject

The AS-19 Koala is an airborne strategic cruise missile (ALCM) from Soviet production. The designation of the Russian armed forces is Ch-80 or Ch-90 .

development

The AS-19 was designed as a supersonic strategic cruise missile against land targets. Development in the OKB-52 Tschelomei design office began in 1976. The manufacturer planned the following variants: The airborne AS-19 “Koala” (Ch-80 “Meteorit-A”), the submarine- based SS-N-24 “Scorpion " (P-750, 9M25A" Meteorit-M ") and the vehicle-specific version SS-CX-5" Scorpion " (9M25N" Meteorit-N "). However, developing a long-range supersonic cruise missile proved extremely difficult. Because of the strong aerodynamic loads, the cell had to be completely redesigned and new materials used. The long flight route in the supersonic range repeatedly led to engine failures and massive navigation problems. In the case of the air-supported variant, for example, only the sixth test start was successful. There were always major delays. A Yankee-class submarine (Project 667M Andromeda) was equipped with twelve launch silos with SS-N-24 guided weapons. The first test start of this version took place in 1980 and was a failure. Only the fifth start in 1981 was successful. After 31 test starts, 12 of which were successful, development of the SS-N-24 was discontinued in 1990. The first test start from an aircraft took place in 1984. Of the airborne variant, 20 test starts were carried out between 1984 and 1991, five of which were successful. The long delays and budget overruns ultimately led to the project being abandoned in 1991. A total of around 100 guided missiles were produced and 70 test starts were carried out.

In 2003 the Russian government announced that the Raduga design office was working on a successor to the AS-19 “Koala” . The new guided missile is based on the design of the Ch-80 and is called the Ch-90 . A true-to-scale model of the Ch-80 guided missile was presented to the public for the first time at MAKS 2007 .

technology

Before starting, the coordinates of the target must be entered in the missile's navigation system . This can be done on the ground or on board the carrier aircraft. After being dropped from the aircraft, there is initially a short period of non-propulsion. The solid fuel booster on the rear of the guided missile only ignites at a safe distance from the aircraft . This accelerates the missile until there is enough dynamic pressure. Then the booster is dropped and the ramjet march engine ignites. This accelerates the guided weapon to a cruising speed of over Mach 3. The cruising flight takes place at an altitude of 20,000–24,000 m. The AS-19 is a fire-and-forget guided weapon and the flight to the target area is autonomous with a combined control system with inertial navigation platform and astronavigation . A radar-based Terrain-Contour-Matching-System ( TERCOM ) is used for the target approach , which compares the approached terrain with stored data. In the target area, the guided weapon turns into a steep dive of 80 ° and drops two independently controllable nuclear warheads that can attack two targets more than 100 km apart. Optionally, the missile can be equipped with a conventional fragmentation warhead of 1,000 kg or with submunition .

The Ch-80 has a whole range of systems for overcoming enemy defensive measures. There is an electronic broadband jammer on board to disrupt missile defense systems. In addition, the rocket surface is provided with a radar-absorbing protective layer. In addition, the Ch-80 has a drag bait, which is pulled behind the rocket on a 100 m long cable.

Versions

• Meteorit-A: (Ch-80) version for use from aircraft. NATO code name AS-19 Koala .
• Meteorit-M: (9M25A) version for use from submarines. NATO code name SS-N-24 Scorpion .
• Meteorit-N: (9M25N) vehicle-bound version. NATO code name SSC-X-5 Scorpion .

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b c} Duncan Lennox: Jane's Strategic Weapon Systems. Janes Information Group, 2005, ISBN 0-710-60880-2 .
2. ↑ ^{a b} www.testpilot.ru ( Memento from April 18, 2008 in the Internet Archive ), accessed: August 11, 2014 (Russian)
3. ↑ ^{a b} militaryrussia.ru , accessed: August 11, 2014 (Russian)
4. ↑ ^{a b} nvo.ng.ru , accessed: August 11, 2014 (Russian)
5. ↑ ^{a b} rbase.new-factoria.ru , accessed: August 11, 2014 (Russian)

Web links

Commons : P-750 Meteorit  - Collection of images, videos and audio files