Chinese thorn cherry

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Chinese thorn cherry
Prinsepia uniflora a2.jpg

Chinese thorn cherry ( Prinsepia uniflora )

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Rose-like (rosales)
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Spiraeoideae
Genre : Thorn cherries ( Prinsepia )
Type : Chinese thorn cherry
Scientific name
Prinsepia uniflora
Batalin

The Chinese thorn Cherry ( Prinsepia uniflora ) is a small shrub with white flowers and red-brown to black-brown fruit from the family of the rose family (Rosaceae). The natural range is in China. The species is often used as an ornamental shrub.

description

blossom
Branch with leaves and flowers
Branch with thorns and flowers

The Chinese thorn cherry is a 1 to 2 meter high shrub with reddish-brown, thick and bare branches and gray-green to gray-brown, angled, bare or hairy branches. The thorns are 6 to 10 millimeters long, leafless and erect. The winter buds are purple, egg-shaped, and glabrous. The leaves are almost sessile or have a short, not hairy stalk. The leaf blade is simple, 2 to 5.5 inches long and 0.6 to 0.8 inches wide, oblong-lanceolate, narrow-oblong, oblong, ovate-oblong, ovoid-lanceolate, narrow-lanceolate or narrow-elliptical, with pointed or blunt tip, wedge-shaped to broadly wedge-shaped base and wavy to clearly finely serrated leaf margin. The upper side of the leaf is glossy dark green, the underside pale green and bare.

The hermaphroditic flowers are single or in clusters of three flowers. Bracts are not available. The flowers have a diameter of 8 to 10 millimeters, the flower stalk is 3 to 15 millimeters long and glabrous. The flower cup is top-shaped and bare on the outside. The sepals are triangular-egg-shaped to rounded, glabrous on the outside, entire with a blunt end. They remain bent back on the fruit. The five petals are veined white and red, obovate with a short nailed and broadly wedge-shaped base, blunt tip and the edge of the leaf bitten off at the tip. The ten stamens are arranged in two whorls . The ovary is bald, the stylus short. The drupes are shiny, red-brown to black-brown, round, glabrous and reach a diameter of 0.8 to 1.2 centimeters. The Chinese thorn cherry blooms in May, the fruits ripen from June to September.

distribution

The natural distribution area is in China in the provinces of Gansu , Henan , Ningxia , Qinghai , Shaanxi , Shanxi , Sichuan and in Inner Mongolia . The Chinese thorn cherry grows on mountain slopes, in ravines and valleys and at the base of hills at an altitude of 800 to 2200 meters on dry to fresh, slightly acidic to strongly alkaline, sandy, sandy-gravelly or sandy-loamy, nutrient-rich soils in light to partially shaded, cool-temperate locations. The species is sensitive to moisture and moderately frost hardy . It is assigned to winter hardiness zone 6a (mean annual minimum temperatures of −23.3 to −20.6 ° C).

Systematics and research history

The Chinese thorn Cherry ( Prinsepia uniflora ) is a kind from the kind of prinsepia ( Prinsepia ) in the family of the rose family (Rosaceae). There it is assigned to the tribe Osmaronieae in the subfamily Spiraeoideae . The species was first described by Alexander Fyodorowitsch Batalin in 1892 . The generic name Prinsepia is reminiscent of the English archaeologist and colonial administrator James Prinsep (1799-1840), who was the first European to decipher the commandments of the ancient Indian king Ashoka . The specific epithet uniflora comes from Latin and means "single-flowered".

There are two varieties:

  • Prinsepia uniflora var. Serrata Rehder with ovate-lanceolate to ovate-elongated leaf blade on flowerless branches and elongated to narrow elliptical blade on branches with flowers, with a clearly serrated leaf edge and a 5 to 15 millimeter long flower stalk. The distribution area of ​​the variety are mountain slopes and valley gorges at an altitude of 800 to 2200 meters in Gansu, Ningxia, in the east of Qinghai, in the south of Shaanxi and Shanxi and in the west of Sichuan.
  • Prinsepia uniflora var. Uniflora with elongated-lanceolate to narrow-lanceolate leaf blade, wavy or indistinctly finely serrated leaf margin and a 3 to 5 millimeter long peduncle. The distribution area is sunny slopes and the base of hills at 900 to 1100 meters altitude in Gansu, in the west of Henan, in the south of Inner Mongolia, in Shaanxi and Shanxi and in the west of Sichuan.

use

The Chinese thorn cherry is often used as an ornamental shrub because of its remarkable fruit decorations .

proof

literature

  • Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 9: Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2003, ISBN 1-930723-14-8 , pp. 390-391 (English).
  • Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 470.
  • Jost Fitschen: Woody flora . 12th, revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2007, ISBN 3-494-01422-1 , p. 672 .
  • Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ German name according to Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 470 and after Fitschen: Gehölzflora , p. 672
  2. ↑ a b c d Prinsepia uniflora in Flora of China , Volume 9, p. 390
  3. ↑ a b c d Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 470
  4. ↑ a b Prinsepia uniflora. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed May 27, 2012 .
  5. ↑ D. Potter, T. Eriksson, RC Evans, S. Oh, JEE Smedmark, DR Morgan, M. Kerr, KR Robertson, M. Arsenault, TA Dickinson, CS Campbell: Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae . Plant Systematics and Evolution, Volume 266, 2007, pp. 5-43. doi : 10.1007 / s00606-007-0539-9
  6. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 645
  7. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 670
  8. ↑ Prinsepia uniflora var. Serrata in Flora of China , Volume 9, p. 391
  9. ↑ Prinsepia uniflora var. Uniflora in Flora of China , Volume 9, p. 391

Web links

Commons : Chinese Dornkirsche ( Prinsepia uniflora )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files