Chow chow

Chow chow
FCI Standard No. 205
	Group 5: Spitz and primitive dogs; Section 5: Asian lace and related races; Without a working test ;
Origin :	China
Patronage :	Great Britain
Withers height:	Males : 48–56 cm. ; Bitches: 46–51 cm
List of domestic dogs

The Chow-Chow is an FCI recognized Chinese dog breed whose breed standard is being developed in Great Britain ( Patronage ) ( FCI Group 5, Section 5, Standard No. 5 ).

Origin and history

The working dog from China belongs to the Nordic dogs of the pointy type. Presumably he came to the Chinese Empire via Siberia and Mongolia . Its Chinese name is 鬆獅犬 / 松狮犬 , sōngshīquǎn - "fluffed lion dog". The Chinese call the dog and Shih-Tzu - 獅子犬 / 狮子犬 , shīziquǎn - "lion dog" ^A , Xiaoxiao - 獢獢 , Xiaoxiao , Xiexie - 猲猲 , Xiexie , Hsiung Kou - 熊狗 , xiónggǒu - "bear dog" and Hei she ( 黑舌 , hēishé - "blue tongue").

The Chow-Chow is undoubtedly one of the original dog breeds. In chronicles dating back to the eleventh century BC, historians have found descriptions of a Tatar dog that already describes the unique characteristics of the breed today: heavily built, with brushed hair, perfectly straight hind legs and a blue tongue.

A 1915 Chow Chow.

In his native China, he did not lead a luxury life like other Chinese races. However, many chows were kept as ornamental animals at the imperial court. The people's dog, like its related Laika , was used as a sled dog and for hunting in the northern provinces . He was also employed as a herding dog .

He came to Europe in 1880, breeding began in England in 1887 , and in 1894 he was recognized by the British Kennel Club . He also became the luxury dog ( Queen Victoria's favorite dog ).

Since Chow-Chows were also used to breed the Eurasier - in addition to Samoyed and wolf tips - they are very close relatives.

According to 2010 published genetic analyzes of the single nucleotide polymorphisms of 912 dogs and 225 gray wolves , chow chows are among the dogs in which strong evidence of a later admixture of gray wolves was found in their history. In the case of the Chow-Chow (as with the dingo , the Akita Inu and Shar Pei ), indications of an admixture of Chinese wolves were found. In the case of the chow chow and the dingo, far more than expected. At the same time, Chow-Chows belong to the group of dogs which are genetically differentiated from most of the other examined breeds and are called "ancient breeds" (in the original " ancient breeds "). Within these dogs, Chow-Chows, together with the New Guinea dingo , the Akita Inu, the dingo and the Shar-Pei, belong to the so-called "Asian group".

Name declaration

The breed name Chow-Chow probably comes from a transcription of the Chinese language of the now rare Chinese name Xiaoxiao - 獢獢 , xiāoxiāo , Jyutping hiu ¹ hiu ¹^A for this dog breed. It is perhaps also a corruption of the Chinese "Gou", pronounced "Kou" or "Kau", which simply means dog. Another assumption goes in the direction of Pidgin- English, a mixed language of English, Portuguese, Chinese and Malay words, a kind of commercial language: Chew-Chew would mean delicacies. Chow-chow is also the name for ginger, which was traded by the Chinese and therefore called chow-chow. This nickname was then adopted for the dog.

annotation

^A. The Chinese name Shih-Tzu - 獅子犬 / 狮子犬 , shīziquǎn - "lion dog" - for Chowchow is used several times both in Chinese and in the names outside of China for the "Beijing palace dog" and the "Shih Tzu aka Lhasa Apso" .

description

Today's Chow Chow with smooth facial features.

The special characteristics of the Chow are the blue lips and tongue, the palate has this color too. The Chow-Chow grows up to 56 cm, can weigh up to 30 kg and is bred with two types of fur: long or short-haired, standing, with short-haired plush. The fur is monochrome black, red, blue, deer-colored, cinnamon, cream or white, but not spotted or piebald, but with a side neck “saddle” of the red and the cinnamon-colored Chow Chow; Underside of the tail, which rests on the back and ends with a hook, and the thighs are often lighter to creamy white. The ears are small, thick, slightly rounded at the tips, stiffly erect. The tail is set high and carried over the back.

Essence

The Chow Chow is a reserved, calm dog, but still a very good guardian. He shows loyalty to his owner and friend. Usually he is very self-confident, he is distant from strangers.

Health aspects

In the Chow-Chow, reduced red blood cells ( microcytosis ) are physiological.

Web links

Commons : Chow Chow - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

↑ Term “獅子犬 / 狮子犬 - shīziquǎn”. In: leo.org . Retrieved May 14, 2020 (Chinese).
↑ ^a ^b Term “獢 - xiāo” - Cantonese: hiu1. In: www.zdic.net. Retrieved May 14, 2020 (Chinese).
↑ Term “猲 - xiē” - Cantonese: hit3 / hot3. In: www.zdic.net. Retrieved May 14, 2020 (Chinese).
↑ Bridgett M. von Holdt, John P. Pollinger, Kirk E. Lohmueller, Eunjung Han, Heidi G. Parker, Pascale Quignon, Jeremiah D. Degenhardt, Adam R. Boyko, Dent A. Earl, Adam Auton, Andy Reynolds, Kasia Bryc, Abra Brisbin, James C. Knowles, Dana S. Mosher, Tyrone C. Spady, Abdel Elkahloun, Eli Geffen, Malgorzata Pilot, Wlodzimierz Jedrzejewski, Claudia Greco, Ettore Randi, Danika Bannasch, Alan Wilton, Jeremy Shearman, Marco Musiani, Michelle Cargill, Paul G. Jones, Zuwei Qian, Wei Huang, Zhao-Li Ding, Ya-ping Zhang, Carlos D. Bustamante, Elaine A. Ostrander , John Novembre, Robert K. Wayne: Genome-wide SNP and haplotype analyzes reveal a rich history of underlying dog domestication. Nature , April 8, 2010, accessed May 12, 2010 .
↑ The Chow Chow, The Name. In: Hans Räber : Encyclopedia of Purebred Dogs. Origin, history, breeding goals, suitability and use. Volume 1: Farmers, shepherds and cattle dogs, shepherds, mastiff-like dogs, pinscher-like dogs, spitz-like dogs, Nordic dogs, Schensi dogs, dwarf dogs, poodles, Dalmatians. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 3-440-06555-3 .
↑ R. Mitschke: Interpretation of changes in the blood smear - 2. Erythrocytes and thrombocytes. In: Fachpraxis. Vol. 49, 2006, ZDB -ID 566713-6 , pp. 14-20.

[chowchow_00-1] Term “獅子犬 / 狮子犬 - shīziquǎn”. In: leo.org . Retrieved May 14, 2020 (Chinese).

[chowchow_01-2] Term “獢 - xiāo” - Cantonese: hiu1. In: www.zdic.net. Retrieved May 14, 2020 (Chinese).

[chowchow_02-3] Term “猲 - xiē” - Cantonese: hit3 / hot3. In: www.zdic.net. Retrieved May 14, 2020 (Chinese).

[4] Bridgett M. von Holdt, John P. Pollinger, Kirk E. Lohmueller, Eunjung Han, Heidi G. Parker, Pascale Quignon, Jeremiah D. Degenhardt, Adam R. Boyko, Dent A. Earl, Adam Auton, Andy Reynolds, Kasia Bryc, Abra Brisbin, James C. Knowles, Dana S. Mosher, Tyrone C. Spady, Abdel Elkahloun, Eli Geffen, Malgorzata Pilot, Wlodzimierz Jedrzejewski, Claudia Greco, Ettore Randi, Danika Bannasch, Alan Wilton, Jeremy Shearman, Marco Musiani, Michelle Cargill, Paul G. Jones, Zuwei Qian, Wei Huang, Zhao-Li Ding, Ya-ping Zhang, Carlos D. Bustamante, Elaine A. Ostrander , John Novembre, Robert K. Wayne: Genome-wide SNP and haplotype analyzes reveal a rich history of underlying dog domestication. Nature , April 8, 2010, accessed May 12, 2010 .

[5] The Chow Chow, The Name. In: Hans Räber : Encyclopedia of Purebred Dogs. Origin, history, breeding goals, suitability and use. Volume 1: Farmers, shepherds and cattle dogs, shepherds, mastiff-like dogs, pinscher-like dogs, spitz-like dogs, Nordic dogs, Schensi dogs, dwarf dogs, poodles, Dalmatians. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 3-440-06555-3 .

[6] R. Mitschke: Interpretation of changes in the blood smear - 2. Erythrocytes and thrombocytes. In: Fachpraxis. Vol. 49, 2006, ZDB -ID 566713-6 , pp. 14-20.