Christian Heuck

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Christian Heuck (born March 18, 1892 in Heuwisch , Dithmarschen ; † February 23, 1934 in Neumünster ) was a member of the Reichstag of the KPD from 1930 to 1933. Heuck was murdered in 1934 by SS members in Neumünster prison .

Life

Heuck was born in Heuwisch in 1892 and attended elementary school in Wesselburen . He was a soldier in the First World War. Heuck ran a horse trade in Wesselburen between 1918 and 1920 and then a vegetable mail order business until 1922.

His political career began immediately after the November Revolution when he became second chairman of the workers' council in Wesselburen. After returning home from the First World War, he founded the SPD local group in Wesselburen, but switched to the KPD in 1919.

In August 1923, Heuck fled Wesselburen because of a criminal case and was sent by the KPD leadership to Mecklenburg , where he was supposed to lead the agricultural workers' movement under a false name. At the beginning of 1924 he stayed in Cottbus and Breslau , but repeatedly returned to Wesselburen without being recognized, where his wife continued to live. In 1926 he was sentenced to five years in prison and a fine of 500 RM . After his amnesty in 1928, he went back to Wesselburen and immediately intensified the KPD's advertising activities in Dithmarschen. After a short time he became sub-district leader of the KPD and worked from Heide (Holstein) and Itzehoe. Ulrich Pfeil attributes the KPD's upswing in Dithmarschen at the end of the 1920s to Christian Heuck. In the Reichstag election in 1930 , the KPD achieved 10.2 percent in Norderdithmarschen and was thus at the top of the rural districts in Schleswig-Holstein .

In 1929, Heuck was remanded in custody for six months because of his involvement in the so-called Blood Night of Wöhrden by the Nazis and was sentenced as the main defendant to one year and nine months in prison. Because of his involvement in the so-called Blood Night of Wöhrden, Heuck was particularly hated by the Nazis.

Mandates

From 1919 to 1924 Christian Heuck was a city councilor in Wesselburen. From 1922 to 1933 he was a member of the Schleswig-Holstein Provincial Parliament , and from September 1930 to March 31, 1933 also a member of the Reichstag . There he appeared mainly with polemical interjections, which were reprimanded several times. When, on March 6, 1931, Reich Minister of the Interior Joseph Wirth spoke of an "intellectual crisis in our people", Heuck shouted:

"Minister, you are constantly in a spiritual crisis."

His party comrade Ottomar Geschke stood up for Heuck in the Reichstag on March 26, 1931:

"Under point 7 [...] there is the application by the chief public prosecutor against my party colleague Heuck. The monstrous crime that Mr. Heuck has committed consists in this: in order to be able to take part in a meeting in Sønderborg, the German part that has been ceded to Denmark, he has a border ticket that costs 10 pfennigs, not in his name, which does not give him would be issued, but have to be procured by someone else in his name. Because of this offense, the chief public prosecutor is now set in motion. Then the Reichstag is set in motion. Because of the 10 Pfennig there is writing and an application is made to raise immunity so that my fellow party member Heuck can be handed over to the judge. Gentlemen, with this waiver of immunity, you are simply proving that the tightening of the rules of procedure that was decided a few months ago should and have been given to the police and the judiciary at the same time, intensified for everyone Trifle against communist MPs. The Heuck case in particular is the best proof of the inaccuracy of what you have always emphasized in the committee, namely that petty matters would simply not be allowed, but a request from the chief public prosecutor or the judicial authorities will be followed without further ado. [...] When we discussed the rules of procedure, but also when we discussed the Law on the Protection of the Republic, we pointed out that these provisions are primarily applied against the Communist Party and its press. "

Christian Heuck headed the Red Front Fighters League in Schleswig-Holstein. In 1930 he worked for the KPD in Itzehoe and in 1932 in Kiel .

assassination

On February 4, 1933, Christian Heuck was arrested by the National Socialists after he had called for the overthrow of Hitler in a leaflet . On June 27, 1933, he was sentenced to 21 months in prison by the Leipzig Reich Court for preparation for high treason . He had to serve his sentence in the Neumünster prison. On February 23, 1934, SS men led by Neumünster police chief and SS man Hinrich Möller broke into Heuck's cell in the Neumünster prison, severely abused him and murdered him. They passed the murder off as suicide by hanging. The prison doctor certified the fictitious hanging as suicide. On January 25, 1934, the communist Rudolf Timm was murdered under similar circumstances in the same prison .

Commemoration

Memorial plaques on the Reichstag

A memorial plaque in the Reichstag commemorates Heuck as part of the memorial for 96 Reichstag members murdered by the Nazi regime . On April 24, 2009 a stumbling stone was laid in memory of Christian Heuck in Kiel (Wall 72a). There is a grave of honor for Christian Heuck at the old urn cemetery in Kiel .

literature

  • Uwe Danker , Astrid Schwabe: Schleswig-Holstein and National Socialism. Wachholtz, Neumünster 2005, ISBN 3-529-02810-X , p. 37 ( time + history 5).
  • Reimer Möller, The murders of the SS against the KPD functionaries Rudolf Timm and Christian Heuck in Neumünster in 1934. In: Information on contemporary history in Schleswig-Holstein. 41/42, 2003, ZDB -ID 1241649-6 , pp. 154-165.
  • Ulrich Pfeil : From the German Empire to the “Third Reich”. Heath 1890–1933. Selbstverlag, Heide 1997 (at the same time: Hamburg, Univ., Diss., 1997).
  • Hermann Weber , Andreas Herbst : German communists. Biographisches Handbuch 1918 to 1945. Karl Dietz Verlag, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-320-02044-7 , pp. 308f. Biography online

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ulrich Pfeil: From the Empire to the “Third Reich”, Heide 1997.
  2. ↑ http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/bsb00000007/images/index.html?nativeno=290
  3. ↑ Uwe Danker , Astrid Schwabe : Schleswig-Holstein and National Socialism, Neumünster 2005.
  4. ↑ To which Wirth quickly replied: "I haven't noticed anything about your mental crisis."
  5. ↑ http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/bsb00000005/images/index.html?nativeno=366
  6. ↑ http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/bsb00000006/images/index.html?nativeno=101
  7. ↑ Uwe Danker , Astrid Schwabe : Schleswig-Holstein and National Socialism, Neumünster 2005, p. 37.
  8. ↑ List of the installed stumbling blocks in Schleswig-Holstein at www.akens.de (accessed on August 13, 2010)
  9. ↑ https://www.kiel.de/de/umwelt_verkehr/friedhoefe/_$historische_graeber/ehrengraeber/heuck_chr.php

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Heuck, Christian
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (KPD), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH March 18, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Heuwisch , Dithmarschen
DATE OF DEATH February 23, 1934
Place of death Neumunster