Cijevna
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Cijevna Cem, Cemi, Цијевна |
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 Dried up river bed of the Cem i Vuklit |
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| Data | ||
| location | Albania , Montenegro | |
| River system | Buna | |
| Drain over | Morača → Buna → Mediterranean | |
| source |
Burimi i Berizhdolit 42 ° 31 '8 " N , 19 ° 42' 39" O |
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| Source height | 1250 m | |
| muzzle | in the Morača coordinates: 42 ° 21 ′ 9 ″ N , 19 ° 12 ′ 22 ″ E 42 ° 21 ′ 9 ″ N , 19 ° 12 ′ 22 ″ E |
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| Mouth height | approx. 10 m | |
| Height difference | approx. 1240 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 20 ‰ | |
| length | 62.2 km | |
| Catchment area | 368 km² | |
| Drain |
MQ |
24.86 m³ / s |
 Gorge at Tamara |
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 The valley of the Cijevna just above the Montenegrin-Albanian border |
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 Gorge on the lower reaches |
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The Cijevna ( Cyrillic Цијевна , Albanian Cem or Cemi ) is a tributary of the Morača , which rises in northern Albania and flows 62.2 kilometers into Montenegro not far from Lake Skadar . It drains the northwest of the Albanian Alps - an area of 368 km², of which 238 km² are in Albania. The average amount of water is 24.86 m³ / s. The river carries the most water in December after the first heavy rainfall and in April when the snow melts.
geography
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The Cijevna, whose upper course is called Cem i Selcës , rises in the far north of Albania from several mountain streams at an altitude of around 1500 m. After the source of Berizhdol at the Qafa e Bordolecit pass , it runs first to the west, later to the southwest. The Cem valley cuts from the start deep in the mountains of Malësia e Madhe and forms several deep ravines. In spite of everything, the V Valley is the habitat for several villages - these include Grabon, Broja, Tamara , Dobrenja, Selca and Gropat e Selcës as well as Kozhnja, Vukël and Nikç in side valleys - and the only traffic axis in this part of the country.
After about 22.5 kilometers it joins at Tamara with the Cem i Vuklit , rarely also called Cem i Nikçit , coming from a left side valley . The 17.9 kilometers long Cem i Vuklit with a catchment area of 132 km² is not only the largest tributary, but also carries more water than the main river. The lower part of the river runs through a narrow valley, the upper part near the village of Nikç, where the mountains form a basin with steep rock walls, is a dry valley - only below the village of Vukël does a large spring feed the river bed in the valley floor with continuous water. On the other hand, some of the right side streams carry water continuously.
After 26.5 kilometers the river passes at about 160 m above sea level. A. the Albanian-Montenegrin border. At this point, the river crosses a deeply cut gorge that is poorly developed. This area is an important refuge for many rare plant and animal species, especially birds. It is a protected area as defined by the Bern Convention and contains several endemic species. The mountains around the river that is now flowing towards the west are gradually getting lower. North-east of Tuzi it then emerges into the Zeta Plain , which it crosses south of Podgorica and then flows into the Morača.
There are 22 species of fish in the river, including salmonids , eels and streams (Leuciscus souffia montenegrinus) . There are also amphibians and reptiles .
In some places there are small hydropower plants , more are planned. The water of the Cijevna is also used for irrigation purposes in some places . In some fish farms , trout are raised. While the water quality is good in the Albanian section, the river's ecosystem in the lower section is endangered by waste and wastewater as well as the breakdown of gravel and sand.
literature
- Jelena Marojević, Valbona Karakaçi: Održivi razvoj basena rijeke Cijevne / Zhvillimi i qëndrueshëm i basenit të lumit Cem . Podgorica 2008 ( online version on greenhome.co.me [PDF; 749 kB ]).
Remarks
- ↑ According to Marojević / Karakçi , the combined Cijevna near Tamara has an average of 14.4 m³ / s of water over many years. The Cem i Vulkit has an average of 10.5 m³ / s of water at the mouth, more than twice as much as the Cem i Selcës .
Web links
- Komuna Kelmend: Water Resources
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Akademia e Shkencave e RPSSH (ed.): Gjeografia fizike e Shqipërisë . 2 volumes, 1990/91. Tirana.