Strömer (fish)

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Strömer
Telestes souffia.jpg

Strömer ( Telestes souffia )

Systematics
without rank: Otophysa
Order : Carp-like (Cypriniformes)
Subordination : Carp fish-like (Cyprinoidei)
Family : White fish (Leuciscidae)
Genre : Telestes
Type : Strömer
Scientific name
Telestes souffia
( Risso , 1826)

The stream ( Telestes souffia , syn .: Leuciscus souffia ) or crackling is a species of fish belonging to the carp fish.

features

The Strömer has an elongated, laterally slightly compressed, almost spindle-shaped body. The snout is blunt, the mouth slightly below. The dorsal fin stands above the pelvic fins . The fish have a gray-brown, bluish, shiny back, the flanks are silvery, the belly white. The lateral line organ and the fins are orange, the fins yellowish to light brown. During the breeding season, the males develop a purple, shiny longitudinal band that extends from the eyes to the caudal fin. The stream is usually only 12 to 17 centimeters, a maximum of 24 centimeters long.

Fins formula : dorsal II – III / 7–9, anal III / 9–10, caudal 17–21

Distribution and subspecies

There are a total of 14 subspecies. The four main subspecies:

  • Telestes souffia agassizi , the real river, which occurs mainly in the upper Rhine area from Baden-Württemberg up to Switzerland and in the Danube catchment area from Romania to Bavaria, and in the Alps and Carpathians up to an altitude of 850 meters.
  • Telestes souffia muticellus (it. Strigione), lives in northern and central Italy, in France and in Ticino, Switzerland.
  • Telestes souffia souffia (French Soufie or Seufe), lives in the area of ​​the Rhone and the Vars .
  • Telestes souffia montenegrinus (Serbian Mekiš or Moračke Jelšovke), lives in the southern Dinarides

Way of life

The Strömer is a schooling fish that resides in open water at greater depths. The carp-like small fish feeds mainly on small invertebrates . The stream spawns from March to May. The female lays her 6,000 to 8,000 eggs on fine-grain gravel.

Danger

Special protected areas must be designated for the Strömer, as it is listed in Appendix II of the Habitats Directive .

The Strömer used to be found in large quantities in the rivers of the Rhine-Neckar region in Baden-Württemberg and in the Bavarian tributaries of the Danube. Mainly because of the water barriers (weirs and barrages), the habitat of the current has changed dramatically in some cases, so that today its existence must be viewed as severely endangered. The fish, which is on the red list of fish species threatened with extinction, was voted Fish of the Year 1998 by the Association of German Sport Fishermen (VDSF) . The Swiss Fisheries Association named the Strömer 2010 Fish of the Year .

It is listed as critically endangered in the Austrian Red List , but it still has good populations in the Mur, for example.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Fish of the year 2010 in Switzerland. Swiss Fisheries Association, accessed on February 26, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Günther Unfer, Manuel Hinterhofer: Fish population survey in the Grazer Mur. In: Fischwasser July / August 2008 ( article pdf , on lebigefluesse.at).