Stálky

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Stálky
Stálky coat of arms
Stálky (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Jihomoravský kraj
District : Znojmo
Area : 1215 ha
Geographic location : 48 ° 53 '  N , 15 ° 42'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 52 '50 "  N , 15 ° 41' 42"  E
Height: 435  m nm
Residents : 121 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code : 671 06
structure
Status: local community
Districts: 1
administration
Mayor : Jiří Willmann (as of 2006)
Address: Stálky 1
671 06 Šafov
Municipality number: 594792
Website : www.obecstalky.cz

Stálky (German Stallek , until 1910 Czech Křtálek ) is a municipality in Okres Znojmo in the Czech Republic . It lies in a side valley of the Thaya near the border with Austria and belongs to the Jihomoravský kraj region .

The closest places are Šafov , Podhradí nad Dyjí , Drosendorf and Heinrichsreith . The place itself is laid out as a Breitangerdorf .

history

Church of the Assumption in Stálky

The first written mention of the village of Stallek, close to the border between Moravia and Lower Austria, comes from 1312. Since 1391 the place had a parish church. Since Vladislav II confirmed ownership to Messrs. Kraiger von Kraigk on Freistein and Ungarschitz in 1493, Stallek remained part of the rule of Freistein until the patrimonial rule was abolished and later of the Hungarian Fideikommisses . In 1561 there was an exemption from the obligation to have an accident. During this time, the Reformation also found its way into the village.

In the 16th century the parish went out and Stallek was parish after Fratting . After the Battle of White Mountain which took place recatholicization . In 1631 the construction of the Church of the Assumption of Mary began as a daughter church of Fratting, which was raised to the rank of parish church in 1657. The town's first school is mentioned in 1672. Between 1794 and 1840 the Lower Austrian village of Heinrichsreith was also enrolled in Stallek. The school building burned down in 1846, so that the school had to be completely rebuilt a year later.

To Stallek belonged in the direction of Petrein Großing (Křeslík), in its place the village of Greating, which was last documented in 1561, was located. Almost all of the town's residents worked in agriculture. There were hardly any craftsmen in town.

After the First World War , which claimed 14 victims among the Stallekern, Stálky fell to Czechoslovakia , with 94% of the population being German-speaking in 1910. In the interwar period , unemployment, the 1919 land reform and the 1926 language ordinance increased the settlement of Czechs as well as the growing desire for autonomy of the Germans and led to tensions within the country. With the Munich Agreement in 1938, the place fell to the German Reich and became part of the Reichsgau Niederdonau .

After the end of the Second World War - which claimed 30 victims - the territories transferred to Germany in the Munich Agreement were reassigned to Czechoslovakia . On June 6, 1945, 25 Austrian citizens and on June 26, 1945 403 German South Moravians were escorted or driven across the border into Austria . In August 1945 the main allies of the Second World War determined the post-war order in the Potsdam resolutions (conference). Tolerated by this agreement, the last two German South Moravians - with the exception of eight people - were officially forcibly resettled in autumn 1946.

A memorial stone erected in Heinrichsreith in 1985 commemorates the expulsion of the German South Moravians .

The local residents in Austria were transferred to Germany with the exception of 163, in accordance with the original transfer goals of the Potsdam Communiqué .

The registers were kept at Fratting from 1654 and in town from 1822. All birth, marriage and death registers up to 1949 are in the Brno State Archives.

On May 9, 2006, a tourist border crossing for pedestrians, cyclists, riders with horses and skiers was opened between Heinrichsreith and Stálky.

Coat of arms and seal

The oldest seal of the place comes from the baroque period. It shows a human heart surrounded by flowers and branches. Another seal shows a flaming heart surrounded by three flowers and underneath two diagonally crossed laurel branches.

Population numbers

year population German Czechs
1790 439 k. A. k. A.
1834 497 k. A. k. A.
1880 542 518 24
1900 476 446 30th
1910 491 462 29
1921 493 418 67
1939 448 390 58
1961 226 - 226

Personalities

The robber captain Johann Georg Grasel (1790-1818) drove his mischief here during the Napoleonic Wars and frequented the Eigner family.

The clergyman and politician Adrian Zach was born in Stálky.

Say from the place

  • Next to a dirt road north of the village, there is a Marterl on an "Irn" (= a small rocky elevation). There is a small pit next to it. St. Nicholas once placed a heavy bucket here, pressing a small pit into the ground.
  • A farmer once lived in Stallek and made great fortune in a short time. That made people suspicious. Men observed how at midnight a kite repeatedly drove into the chimney of the said farmhouse. This is how the myth arose that the farmer's wife had a relationship with the devil who left a pot full of silver money in the fireplace night after night.

Attractions

  • The Church of the Assumption from 1631 has three altars. The main altar was renovated in 1715 and 1769. The altar dedicated to the Virgin Mary of Lourdes dates from 1882 and the St. Joseph Altar from 1884. The church tower is reminiscent of the town hall tower in Boskovice . St. Barbara by Josef Doré, rededicated in 1903 after renovation.
  • Statue of John Nepomuk
  • War memorial (1924), blown up in 1945

Literature and Sources

  • Ilse Tielsch -Felzmann: South Moravian Legends . 1969, Munich, Heimatwerk publishing house
  • Wenzel Max: Thayaland, folk songs and dances from South Moravia , 1984, Geislingen / Steige
  • Felix Bornemann: Arts and crafts in South Moravia , Stallek, s. 35, C. Maurer Verlag, Geislingen / Steige 1990, ISBN 3-927498-13-0
  • Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities , Stallek, s. 222f, Josef Knee, Vienna 1992, ISBN 3-927498-19-X
  • Emilia Hrabovec: eviction and deportation. Germans in Moravia 1945 - 1947 , Frankfurt am Main / Bern / New York / Vienna (= Vienna Eastern European Studies. Series of publications by the Austrian Institute for Eastern and South Eastern Europe), 1995 and 1996
  • Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 318 f . (Stallek).

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  2. ↑ Codex diplomaticus et epistolaris Moraviae, Volume VI, p. 62
  3. ↑ Walfried Blaschka, Gerald Frodl: The Znaim district from A to Z. , 2009
  4. ^ Charles L. Mee : The Potsdam Conference 1945. The division of the booty . Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, Munich 1979. ISBN 3-453-48060-0 .
  5. ^ A b Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 318 f . (Stallek).
  6. ↑ Cornelia Znoy: The expulsion of the Sudeten Germans to Austria 1945/46 , diploma thesis to obtain the master’s degree in philosophy, Faculty of Humanities at the University of Vienna, 1995
  7. ↑ Acta Publica Online search in the historical registers of the Moravian Provincial Archives Brno (cz, dt). Retrieved March 14, 2011.
  8. ↑ Prokop, Bublan and Gabmann open a new border crossing. Niederösterreichische Landeskorrespondenz (NLK), May 9, 2006, accessed on August 2, 2009 .
  9. ↑ Local history of the political district of Znaim, Volume 2, p. 50f
  10. ↑ South Moravian Yearbook, 1984, p. 112.
  11. ^ South Moravian Yearbook, 1997, p. 146.

Web links

Commons : Stálky  - collection of images, videos and audio files