Miroslavské Knínice
| Miroslavské Knínice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihomoravský kraj | ||||
| District : | Znojmo | ||||
| Area : | 863.9037 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 48 ° 59 ′ N , 16 ° 19 ′ E | ||||
| Height: | 292 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 326 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 671 72 | ||||
| License plate : | B. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Miroslav - Moravský Krumlov | ||||
| Railway connection: | Vienna – Brno | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jiří Balík (as of 2016) | ||||
| Address: | Miroslavské Knínice 1 671 72 Miroslav |
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| Municipality number: | 594466 | ||||
| Website : | www.miroslavske-kninice.cz | ||||
Miroslavské Knínice , until 1947 Německé Knínice (German German Knönitz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located eight kilometers south of Moravský Krumlov and belongs to the Okres Znojmo .
geography
Miroslavské Knínice is located on the upper reaches of the brook Našiměřický potok ( Knönitzer water ) in the Bobravská vrchovina ( Bobrawa Mountains ). The Lesonický kopec (377 mnm) and the Bartensteinberg (355 mnm) rise to the north, the U Michálka ( Steinhübl , 278 mnm) to the northeast , the Kozí vrch (328 mnm) and the Pustina (340 mnm) to the west, and the Kadovská to the west hora ( Kodauer Berg , 367 mnm). The Našiměřický potok is dammed in the Suchánek pond southeast of the village. The Vienna – Brno railway line runs one and a half kilometers east of Miroslavské Knínice, and the Našiměřice stop on the cadastral border with Našiměřice is no longer served.
Neighboring towns are Lesonice and Rakšice in the north, Leskoun, Vedrovice and Bohutice in the Northeast, Želovice, Babice and Našiměřice the east, Trnové poles and Suchohrdly u Miroslavi the southeast, Miroslav and Pemdorf in the south, Rybníčky Mlyn, Hostěradice , Mišovice and Skalice in the southwest, Trstěnice and Kadov in the west and Vémyslice , Dobelice and Petrovice in the north-west.
history
Archaeological finds prove that the municipality has been settled since the Neolithic Age .
The first written mention of the Knínice Fortress took place in 1262 as the property of Jaroslav von Knínice. Between 1322 and 1342, a descendant of the same name was mentioned as the owner of the fortress. In 1349 the fortress and the village of the same name belonged to Heinrich von Schenkenberg . From 1368 there is evidence of another Jaroslav von Knínice († around 1382) as court master of Margrave Johann Heinrich . At that time , the owner of the Knínice fortress was probably Emmeram von Jakubow , who before his death sold it to the owner of the Kromau estate , Beneš (III) von Kravarn . 1385 is allowed Benes (III.) The material Kninice with the parties, the village and Parish and claims to Našiměřice of Emmerams sons Emeram and Philipp intabulieren . In 1398 Beneš (III.) Son and heir Jan (III.) Wrote 1000 marks to his wife Elisabeth von Neuhaus for the villages of Knínice, Petrovice and Rakšice. In 1406, the widow had all hereditary property, including the Knínice Fortress, with the exception of the prescriptions for Ulrich V. von Neuhaus signed . In 1415 Elisabeth took her son Beneš (VI.) From Kravarn in community to the farms and villages Knínice, Petrovice and Rakšice. Around 1430 Jan von Krawarn separated the Knínice estate from the Kromau rule and gave it to Wenzel von Kukwitz.
In 1466, Hinz von Kukwitz had the Knínice estate with the fortress, the village, the farm, the parish and the wine tithing insured to Johann von Lechwitz. He sold the estate in 1480 to Johann Kusy von Mukoděly, who immediately left it to Johann Bítovský von Lichtenburg and his wife Anna von Kralowitz. In 1492 Anna von Kralowitz took her second husband Hanek von Zap to the estate in community, a year later she sold it to Niklas Tulešický von Peč. Knínice sold his legacy of the same name around 1500 to Johann von Kostnik, who sold it to Wenceslaus von Lomnitz on Namiescht before 1520 .
Subsequently, the Knönitz allodial property remained associated with the Namiescht rule for almost three centuries; During this time the owners were u. a. the Lords of Žerotín , Albrecht von Waldstein , the Counts of Werdenberg and from 1752 the Counts of Haugwitz . In 1655 the parish was abolished because it could not be reoccupied since 1480. At the end of the 18th century a school was established in Knönitz. On October 5, 1799 Heinrich von Haugwitz sold the Knönitz estate for 54,000 guilders to Heinrich von Holle, who on June 12, 1801, sold it including the castle for 76,000 guilders to Maria Antonia Countess Daun , née Countess von Wilczek. The latter had the church redesigned in 1802 and sold the property on February 7, 1803 for 90,000 guilders, including the establishment of the castle, supplies and key money, to Anton Friedrich Mittrowsky von Mittrowitz and Nemischl . On February 2, 1809, Mittrowsky sold the Teutsch-Knönitz estate to Emanuel von Bartenstein . In 1831 the breakout broke out in the village.
In 1834 the Teutsch-Knönitz estate comprised a usable area of 1368 yoke 1378 square fathoms. 477 Moravian-speaking Catholics lived in the area, and the main sources of income were agriculture and day labor. Fruit growing was important; viticulture was of little importance, a maximum of 100 buckets of a very hard wine were produced annually . The manorial forests were cultivated in a forest district. The authorities ran two Meierhöfe, the castle courtyard and the Bartensteinhof. Only the village Knönitz , also Teutsch-Künitz or Kynice , previously known as Knjnice , with 93 houses and 477 inhabitants belonged to the estate . In the village there was a spacious castle with a park, which served as the ruler's summer residence, the castle courtyard, the St. Niklas daughter church, a newly established authoritarian brandy distillery, an authoritarian schoolhouse, an official's apartment and a parish hall. The parish was Misslitz . In 1835 a new school building was built. After the death of Emanuel von Bartenstein in February 1838, his son Joseph inherited the estate. Until the middle of the 19th century, Teutsch-Knönitz was the official place of the allodial property of the same name.
After the abolition of patrimonial formed Německé Knínice / German Knönitz 1849 a municipality in the judicial district Kromau. The male line of the Barons von Bartenstein died out in 1866, and the family sold the estate in 1869 to the owners of the Mödritz sugar factory. In 1868 the community became part of the Kromau district. The schoolhouse was extended in 1888 and two-class lessons were started. Since the end of the 19th century, Německé Kynice has also been used as a Czech place name. After the First World War , the multi-ethnic state Austria-Hungary disintegrated and in 1918 the community became part of the newly formed Czechoslovak Republic . In the 1921 census, 734 people lived in the 157 houses in Německé Knínice , including 709 Czechs and 10 Germans. On September 20, 1923 Německé Knínice to Miroslav incorporated in order to create there a Czech majority. After the Munich Agreement , the village on the language border was added to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the Znojmo district until 1945 . After the end of the Second World War Německé Knínice came back to Czechoslovakia and was again assigned to the Okres Moravský Krumlov. In 1947 the village was renamed Miroslavské Knínice . In 1948 Miroslavské Knínice was spun off from the Miroslav municipality. During the territorial reform of 1960, the municipality was assigned to the Okres Znojmo in the course of the abolition of the Okres Moravský Krumlov . In 1970 Miroslavské Knínice had 484 inhabitants, in 1980 there were 400 and in 1991 only 338.
Attractions
- Miroslavské Knínice Castle, it was built in the 17th century instead of a medieval festival. Between 1809 and 1838 the baroque building was redesigned in a classical style by the Barons von Bartenstein. In 1999 the damaged roof was renovated. The now unused castle is surrounded by an English landscape garden.
- Church of St. Nikolaus, the originally Gothic building from the 14th century was redesigned in 1802 in a classical style. She owns an altar.
- Baroque statue of St. John of Nepomuk
- Statue of St. Markus, on the hill east of the village
- Cemetery, at the southwest exit of the village. It was laid out in the middle of the 18th century and the old cemetery around the church was abolished. The cemetery chapel of St. Florian and the grave chapel of the Gurniak, Schustler and Scholz families
- Denk chapel, on the road to Lesonice in the northern part of the village
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/594466/Miroslavske-Kninice
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ^ Gregor Wolny : The Margraviate Moravia topographically, statistically and historically described , III. Volume: Znaimer Kreis (1837), pp. 306–309
- ^ Gregor Wolny : The Margraviate Moravia topographically, statistically and historically described , III. Volume: Znaimer Kreis (1837), p. 552
- ↑ Chytilův místopis ČSR, 2nd updated edition, 1929, p. 524 Knínice Německé - Koblasko
- ↑ Výnos ministra vnitra ze dne 3. května 1947 o stanovení nových úředních názvu míst