Křídlůvky
| Křídlůvky | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihomoravský kraj | ||||
| District : | Znojmo | ||||
| Area : | 787 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 48 ° 48 ' N , 16 ° 15' E | ||||
| Height: | 190 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 245 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 671 28 | ||||
| License plate : | B. | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Antonín Pacík (as of 2009) | ||||
| Address: | Křídlůvky 67 671 28 Jaroslavice |
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| Municipality number: | 550086 | ||||
| Website : | www.kridluvky.cz | ||||
Křídlůvky (German Klein Grillowitz ) is a Czech community in Okres Znojmo in the Jihomoravský kraj region (South Moravia). The place is about 5 km from the border with Austria .
geography
The neighboring towns are Valtrovice ( Waltrowitz ) in the west, Hrádek (Erdberg) in the east and Božice ( Possitz ) in the north.
Neighboring communities
| Valtrovice | Božice | |
| Sloop |
.svg)
|
Hrádek u Znojma |
| Jaroslavice |
history
The layout of the place and the "ui" dialect (Bavarian-Austrian) spoken until 1945 with its special Bavarian passwords indicate a settlement by Bavarian German tribes, as they did around 1050, but especially in 12/13. Century took place. The village was first mentioned in a document in 1255. In this document, the place is mentioned as the property of the Saar monastery. Over the years, the spelling of the village changed several times. In 1255 they wrote “Gfrelowitz”, 1381 “Grilwicz” and 1524 “Grylwitz”. The addition “small” appeared for the first time in 1542 and was not used again until 1720.
In 1503 part of the village was bought by the Dominican convent of Znojmo . King Wladislaus issued a certificate of this purchase in 1510. The other part of the village was still administered by the Saar Cistercian monastery . From 1540 this part came to the rule Joslowitz (Jaroslavice). A few years later this district came to the Dominican convent of Znojmo, which now administered the entire place. In these years the place becomes an independent municipality.
Registries have been kept since 1660 (online search via the Brno Provincial Archives).
The volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1893. The local cemetery was in Erdberg (Hrádek) until 1900, after which the church host donated a field in the local area. Most of the locals were farmers and made a living from growing wheat, rye, fruit, vegetables, wine, cherries and peaches.
After the First World War , the multi-ethnic state Austria-Hungary disintegrated . The peace treaty of Saint Germain in 1919 declared the place, whose population in 1910 was exclusively inhabited by German South Moravians , to be part of the new Czechoslovak Republic . According to the Munich Agreement in 1938, the place belonged to the Reichsgau Niederdonau until 1945 .
During the Second World War , the place suffered 46 victims. After the end of the Second World War (May 8, 1945), the territories transferred to Germany in the Munich Agreement (1939), including Klein Grillowitz, were reassigned to Czechoslovakia based on the Treaty of Saint-Germain (1919) . Post-war excesses in May and June 1945 resulted in six civilian deaths. The victorious powers of World War II took on August 2, 1945, in Potsdam communiqué, Article XIII, concretely to the wild and collectively running expulsion of the German population not position. However, they explicitly called for an "orderly and humane transfer" of the "German population segments" that "remained in Czechoslovakia". The remaining eight German citizens of small Grillo joke were 11 October and 18 September 1946 in three expulsion transports officially on March 29 via Znojmo to Germany forcibly resettled . According to the Beneš Decree 108, the property of German residents as well as German public and church property were confiscated and placed under state administration. There was no compensation for the confiscated assets. Three local residents stayed in the village.
In accordance with the original transfer goals of the Potsdam Protocol, the Red Army demanded in January 1946 the deportation of all Sudeten Germans from Austria to Germany. Of the displaced persons, 27 families were still able to stay in Austria, while the rest of them settled in Germany. Today they are scattered in around 80 locations in Germany. A small Grillowitzer emigrated to Australia. The orphaned place was repopulated again.
In May 1959 the Dynamo Křídlůvky sports club was founded. In 1976 the school was closed due to insufficient student numbers.
Coat of arms and seal
The community has been proven to have had its own seal since 1649 . To date, however, no image of this seal has been found, as a fire destroyed many old documents. There is only one illustration from 1935. It is a bilingual community stamp, which showed a cube with a decorative drawing on it in a romanization.
Population development
| census | Total population | Ethnicity of the inhabitants | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | German | Czechs | Other | |
| 1880 | 481 | 481 | 0 | 0 |
| 1890 | 522 | 522 | 0 | 0 |
| 1900 | 563 | 557 | 0 | 6th |
| 1910 | 569 | 568 | 1 | 0 |
| 1921 | 584 | 577 | 1 | 6th |
| 1930 | 626 | 608 | 9 | 9 |
| 2011 | 262 | |||
Attractions
- Village chapel (1845)
- Trinity (1666), renovated
- Statue of St. Florian
- War memorial (1921)
literature
- E. Narozny: Local lore Kl. Grillowitz. 1898.
- Adalbert Karl Gauss : Resettlers, refugees, displaced persons and new citizens in Austria. Austrian Refugee Archives, Salzburg 1979, 96 pages.
- Max Wenzel: Thayaland, folk songs and dances from South Moravia. Publishing house of the South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen / Steige 1984.
- Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities. Publishing house of the South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen / Steige 1992, Klein Grillowitz on p. 107f.
Web links
- Homepage of the municipality on obeckridluvky.cz.
- Cultural Association of South Moravians in Austria: Klein Grillowitz on suedmaehren.at.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ^ Leopold Kleindienst: The forms of settlement, rural building and material culture in South Moravia. Contributions to the folklore of South Moravia. Geislingen / Steige 1989, p. 9.
- ↑ Codex diplomaticus et epistolaris Moraviae, Volume III, p. 123.
- ↑ Acta Publica Online search in the historical registers of the Moravian Provincial Archives Brno (cz., Dt.). Retrieved April 23, 2011.
- ↑ Walfried Blaschka, Gerald Frodl: The Znaim district from A to Z. Geislingen / Steige 2009.
- ^ Felix Ermacora : The unreached peace: St. Germain and the consequences; 1919-1989. Amalthea Verlag, Vienna / Munich 1989, ISBN 3-85002-279-X .
- ^ Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 288 (Klein-Grillowitz).
- ↑ a b c Křídlůvky byly určené k zániku, teď rostou (Křídlůvky was doomed, but is now thriving again) In: denik.cz of January 28, 2011 (Czech).
- ↑ Narozny: Local Studies Kl. Grillowitz. 1898, p. 31.
- ^ Josef Bartoš, Jindřich Schulz, Miloš Trapl: Historický místopis Moravy a Slezska v letech 1848–1960. svazek IX (Volume 9), Ostrava 1984.
- ^ Felix Bornemann: Arts and Crafts in South Moravia. Publishing house of the South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen / Steige 1990, Klein-Grillowitz on p. 14.