Lukov nad Dyjí

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Lukov
Lukov coat of arms
Lukov nad Dyjí (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Jihomoravský kraj
District : Znojmo
Area : 1428.4983 ha
Geographic location : 48 ° 52 '  N , 15 ° 55'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 51 '41 "  N , 15 ° 54' 38"  E
Height: 415  m nm
Residents : 261 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code : 669 02
License plate : B.
traffic
Street: Horní Břečkov - Podmolí
structure
Status: Městys
Districts: 1
administration
Mayor : Lubomír Mála (as of 2016)
Address: Lukov 92
669 02 Znojmo
Municipality number: 594393
Website : www.obeclukov-znojmo.cz
View from Nová Ves to Lukov
Church of St. Aegidius and pillory
Houses on the Anger

Lukov ( German Luggau ) is a minority town in Okres Znojmo , Jihomoravský kraj in the Czech Republic . It is ten kilometers west of Znojmo .

geography

Lukov is located on the edge of the Podyjí National Park in the Vranovská pahorkatina ( Frainer hill country ). The longitudinal tangle village lies on the right side above the source of the Lukovský potok brook on a hill. To the south-east rise the Kozí vrch (430 m nm), the Horka (431 m nm) and the Čerchov (438 m nm), in the south-west the Umlaufberg (378 m above sea level) and the Gališ ( Brendenberg , 404 m nm) , to the west of the Lukovská horka ( Horka , 421 m nm) and in the northwest of the Čížovský kopec ( Jaser , 438 m nm). The Gránický potok ( Granitzbach ) rises north of Lukov . Two to two and a half kilometers west and south of the town runs the meandering Kerbtal of the Thaya , which forms the border with Austria on this section .

Neighboring towns are Horní Břečkov in the north, Milíčovice , Citonice and Bezkov in the northeast, Mašovice in the east, Podmolí in the southeast, Nová Ves in the south, Hardegg and Felling in the west and Čížov in the northwest.

history

It is believed that Lukov is the village of Prilucea mentioned in 1190 in the founding deed of the Bruck monastery . The first secured documentary mention of the place and the parish Lucaw took place in the year 1284. On June 2nd, 1358 the place came under the rule of the Margrave Johann Heinrich , who also had the castle Neuhäusel built.

Between 1549 and 1558 the place received market rights from the local lord Wolf Kraiger von Kraigk . But he sold the place in 1558 to Peter Certorejsky von Certorej. During the Reformation , the place became Lutheran and in 1574 Esther von Dietrichstein appointed a Protestant pastor. Around 1600 a brewery was built on the manorial estate. After the victory of the imperial troops in the Battle of White Mountain and the beginning of the Counter-Reformation during the Thirty Years' War , the community became Catholic again. Due to the expropriation of all rebellious nobles, Count Althann was given control of the place in 1618. From 1688 Luggau belonged to the Frain dominion .

The spelling Luggau has been in use since 1751. The parish registers of the place be performed since the year 1705th In 1798 the manorial estate was dissolved by Josef Hillgartner, from which the settlement of Neudorf developed, which was always a district of Luggau. In 1803, the parish priest announced that the emperor had given him the Luggau estate and that they no longer had to pay any taxes. A short time later, imperial soldiers come to the village and arrest the pastor, the teacher and some farmers. During the Revolutionary Wars , Luggau was occupied and plundered by French troops in 1805 and 1809. A volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1908.

After the First World War and the Peace Treaty of Saint Germain in 1919, the place, whose inhabitants were 99% German Moravians in 1910 , became part of the new Czechoslovak Republic . Settlers and newly filled civil servants led to an increase in the influx of people of Czech nationality. After the Munich Agreement in 1938, the place came to the German Reich and became part of the district of Znojmo . From 1939 to 1945, Baumöhl was incorporated into Luggau.

After the end of the Second World War , which claimed 25 victims among the Luggauers, the community came back to Czechoslovakia. The self-proclaimed Revolutionary Guards soon began the wild expulsion of the German local residents across the border into Austria. On June 22, 1945 there were two civilian deaths among the local German residents. Apart from five people, the last 28 German Moravians were expelled via Znojmo between August 11 and September 18, 1946 . With the exception of 22 families, the Luggau residents in Austria were transferred to Germany in accordance with the original transfer goals of the Potsdam Protocol . To commemorate the expulsion of the German local residents, a memorial stone was erected in Hardegg together with other local communities .

Since September 24, 2008 Lukov has again the status of Městys .

Coat of arms and seal

The seal of the place from 1558 shows a circle within a romanization. It shows a three-tower gate. The central tower is tall, with a pointed roof and a closed gate, while the other two towers on its sides are low and crenellated. Each of the towers has three windows.

From the 19th century Luggau had a seal on which two hearts lying horizontally, each decorated with a lily, are depicted.

Population development

census Total population Ethnicity of the inhabitants
year German Czechs Other
1880 443 431 2 0
1890 493 493 0 0
1900 472 462 10 0
1910 433 429 3 1
1921 479 398 67 14th
1930 445 402 32 11

Community structure

No districts are shown for the municipality of Lukov. Lukov to include the settlement Nová Ves ( Neudorf ) and the deserted villages Faltýskův Mlýn ( Devil's Mill , also circulating mill ) and Novohrádecký Mlyn ( Neuhäuselmühle ).

Attractions

  • As early as the 9th century, a protective castle of the Knights Templar may have stood on the site of today's Nový Hrádek ( Neuhäusel ) ruins . The later castle was built in 1358 by Margrave Johann Heinrich. During the Thirty Years' War the castle was badly damaged in 1645 by Swedish troops under general Lennart Torstensson . After the war the castle was left to decay. In the interwar period, a guest garden was set up in the courtyard.
  • Parish Church of St. Aegidius (16th century), reconstruction in 1749, restoration in 1829 and 1931. High altar by Joseph Winterhalder from the 18th century.
  • Statue of St. Florian (1830)
  • Pillory (1609)
  • War memorial

Sons and daughters of the place

regional customs

On the Wednesday before Easter, the pond is drained, the fish are pulled out with nets and put into barrels.

Say from the place

  • One day, late at night, a farmer from Baumöhl went home via Luggau. As he walked along the Schustersteig, he passed the "Krautgartenwiesn". Suddenly little blue flames appeared around him. The farmer ran through the meadows in the direction of Baumöhl praying. On the way, the small flames kept appearing next to and behind him until he got home safely.
  • From the shaft of the deep castle well of Neuhäusel Castle, an underground passage should lead to the Pöltenberg Provost and from there to Znojmo Castle.

literature

  • Anton Kreuzer: Early history in and around Znaim. Geislingen / Steige 1971, DNB 457296259 .
  • Georg Dehio, Karl Ginhart : Handbook of German art monuments in the Ostmark. Anton Schroll & Co, Luggau 1941, DNB 560416946 , p. 312.
  • Luggau. In: Johann Zabel: Church guide for South Moravia. 52, Vicariate General Nikolsburg 1941.
  • Gustav Gregor: History of the market town Luggau. 1957.
  • Luggau. In: Felix Bornemann: Arts and Crafts in South Moravia. C. Maurer Verlag, Geislingen / Steige 1990, ISBN 3-927498-13-0 , p. 17.
  • Luggau. In: Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities. Josef Knee, Vienna 1992, ISBN 3-927498-19-X , pp. 128f.
  • Emilia Hrabovec: eviction and deportation. Germans in Moravia 1945–1947. Lang, Frankfurt am Main et al. 1995, ISBN 3-631-48302-3 . (= Vienna Eastern European Studies. Series of publications by the Austrian Institute for Eastern and South Eastern Europe)
  • Luggau. In: Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 311 .

Web links

Commons : Lukov  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/594393/Lukov
  2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  3. ↑ The land tables of the Margraviate of Moravia. Vol. XXXI p. 31.
  4. ↑ Codex diplomaticus et epistolaris Moraviae. Vol. IV, p. 218.
  5. ^ Felix Ermacora : The unreached peace: St. Germain and the consequences; 1919-1989. Amalthea Verlag, Vienna / Munich 1989, ISBN 3-85002-279-X .
  6. ↑ Walfried Blaschka, Gerald Frodl: The Znaim district from A to Z. 2009.
  7. ^ Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. Maurer, Geislingen / Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , pp. 311, 573, 575.
  8. ↑ Luggau. In: Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 311 .
  9. ↑ Historický místopis Moravy a Slezska v letech 1848–1960. sv.9. 1984.
  10. ^ Felix Bornemann: Arts and Crafts in South Moravia. 1990, p. 17.
  11. ↑ South Moravian Yearbook. 1978, p. 165.
  12. ↑ Oskar master: Thaya photos. 1883, p. 55.