Vedrovice
| Vedrovice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihomoravský kraj | ||||
| District : | Znojmo | ||||
| Area : | 757.9084 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 1 ' N , 16 ° 23' E | ||||
| Height: | 256 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 840 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 671 75 | ||||
| License plate : | B. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Moravský Krumlov - Šumice | ||||
| Railway connection: | Vienna – Brno | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Richard Janderka (as of 2016) | ||||
| Address: | Vedrovice 326 671 75 Loděnice u Moravského Krumlova |
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| Municipality number: | 595047 | ||||
| Website : | vedrovice.cz | ||||
Vedrovice (German Wedrowitz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located six kilometers southeast of Moravský Krumlov and belongs to the Okres Znojmo .
geography
Vedrovice is located on the slope of the Bobravská vrchovina ( Bobrawa Mountains ) to the Thaya-Schwarza valley basin . The municipality is surrounded in the north and west by the game reserve obora Moravský Krumlov ( Kromau Zoo ), which takes up almost the entire area of the Krumlovský les ( Kromau Forest ). To the north rise the Holý kopec (376 mnm) and the U Stavení (415 mnm), in the northeast the Kulatý palouk (356 mnm), east the Stará hora, southwest the Leskoun ( Miskogel , 371 mnm) and the Vlčí hora ( Wolfsberg , 336 mnm), in the west the Zábrdovický vrch ( Zabrdowitz Mountain , 335 mnm) and the Červený vrch (348 mnm) and to the northwest the Červená hora ( Red Mountain , 391 mnm). The Vienna – Brno railway runs two and a half kilometers to the west, and the Rakšice train station is also located there . Two kilometers south of Vedrovice there is a double line of bunkers on the Czechoslovak Wall . The southern slope of the Stará hora near Chrastí is used as a vineyard.
Neighboring towns are Hubertus, Budkovice and stavení in the north, Moravské Bránice , Nové Bránice , Dolní Kounice and Jezeřany-Maršovice in the Northeast, Chrasti and Loděnice the east, Cvrčovice and Kubšice the southeast, Olbramovice and Bohutice in the south, Leskoun, Kadov , Lesonice and Petrovice in the southwest, Dobelice and Rybníky in the west and Rakšice , Moravský Krumlov and Rokytná in the northwest.
history
Archaeological finds show an early settlement of the municipality. These include a Paleolithic hand ax made of flint and, from the Neolithic period, a complex of kilns for ceramics and the Venus of Vedrovice ( Vedrovická venuše ). The cemetery " Široká u lesa " was excavated between 1975 and 1982. 85 linear ceramics burials were discovered on an area of 4500 m² . A Bronze Age settlement site was found on Leskoun . Two body graves of warriors with spears were discovered from the Hallstatt period. At the beginning of the 20th century, the archaeologist Jan Knies found graves from the 11th and 12th centuries behind the cemetery wall in Vedrovice, which suggest that the village of Vedrovice already existed at that time.
Vedrovice was first mentioned in writing in 1363, when the owner of the Kromau domain , Čeněk von Leipa , left part of the Freynwalt forest on the way to Vedrovice, including the Miskogel , to the Augustinian order . The place name derives from a locator Vydra, probably the village was originally called Vydrovice . In 1369 Heinrich von Leipa sold the Kromau domain with the town and castle Kromau, the village Rakšice, the ponds near Dobřínsko and a forest house with two Huben fields in Vedrovice to the Lords of Kravarn . Vedrovice remained the property of the lords of Leipa, who enfeoffed vassals with the estate. Between 1407 and 1418 the estate, along with corridors in Troskotovice and Podolice, belonged to Hanuš from Vedrovice, who between 1417 and 1418 also bought the Kubšice estate from Tas from Černín and Vaňek Czernohorsky from Boskowitz . In 1407 Hanuš von Vedrovice complained to Hans von Liechtenstein on Nikolsburg about the Liechtenstein burgrave on Dürnholz , Hans von Liechtenstein on Nikolsburg because of the confiscation of 100 buckets of Vedrovice wine on the Dürnholz market and the violent collection of money for the sale of wine. The seat of Hanuš from Vedrovice was probably the Vedrovice Fortress, which stood at the place of house no. 204; However, it can only be proven in writing from 1535. In 1416, Hanuš's son Bartoš von Vedrovice acquired the village of Loponice or Lobodice. During the Hussite Wars , the area was the scene of fierce fighting between the Hussites, who held the Jevišovice and Kromau castles , and the Catholic troops. During this time the trace of the Lords of Vedrovice is lost. After the fighting ended, the villages of Loponice and Podolice were extinct. In the period that followed, the mansions of the estate changed frequently.
From 1490 Vedrovice belonged to Stephan Kusy from Mukoděly, his brother Georg was the owner of Bohutice . After Stephan Kusy died in 1503 without male heirs, in 1505 Znata Kobersky von Drahanovice was enfeoffed with Vedrovice. He held the estate until 1523, and from 1519 Johann Herult von Herultice also owned a share. The next owner was Johann Kobersky von Drahanovice auf Kobeřice ; In 1535 he bought the estate and the fortress Vedrovice with the villages Vedrovice, Troskotovice, Zábrdovice and Rokytná as well as the Palekovice desert from Johann von Leipa. The childless Johann Kobersky inherited the property in 1539 with the approval by Ferdinand I his brother-Smil Osovsky of Doubravice on Valeč . In 1550, Smil's son Burian Osovský von Doubravice sold the Vedrovice estate and fortress with all its accessories to Johann Janauer von Strachnow. This was followed by Georg Janauer von Strachnow, who sold part of the property to Peter Dubňanský von Bačice. After his death, the guardian of his children sold this share back to Georg Janauer von Strachnow in 1567. In 1576 Stephan Kusy von Mukoděly († 1577) acquired a share of Vedrovice on Bochtitz . In 1581 Hynek Janauer left of the estate Strachnow Vedrovice with parties and the court Vedrovice, the desolate courtyard Zábrdovice and vineyards and orchards Stephans children Johann and Katharina Kusy of Mukoděly intabulieren that it united with the Good Bochtitz. Johann was followed by his sons Stephan and Wilhelm Kusy von Mukoděly, who in 1615 inherited extensive goods near Telč from Euphrosina Koňasová von Vydřá, a relative on his mother's side . After Wilhelm came of age, he received Bochtitz, while the older brother Stephan made the Vedrovice fortress his seat.
At the beginning of the Thirty Years War , at the end of July 1619, the troops of the Imperial Field Marshal Dampierre invaded the area. On August 1, 1619 Bochtitz was burned down, probably also Vedrovice and Zábrdovice. After the Battle of the White Mountain in November 1620, imperial soldiers again plundered the Bochtitz rule. The Protestant brothers Stephan and Wilhelm Kusy von Mukoděly lost their property because of their participation in the class uprising . Not wanting to convert to Catholicism, they had to leave the country. Emperor Ferdinand II donated the confiscated Bochtitz estate with Selowitz ( Želovice ), Wedrowitz, Zabrdowitz ( Zábrdovice ) and Wolfsgarsten to the Znojmo Jesuit College on September 25, 1627 . The hoof register from 1656 shows that three quarters of the Wedrowitz homesteads were in desolation. The village was not completely repopulated until around 1670.
After the abolition of the Jesuit order , the Bochtitz rule fell to the Imperial and Royal Study Fund in 1773. After the nationalization of the rule, all the Meierhöfe were abolished and were divided up in the course of the raabization . The oldest local seal shows a woman - probably the Virgin Mary - with an otter in her right hand. The school was established in the 18th century. In 1790 Wedrowitz consisted of 28 houses and had 233 inhabitants.
On October 15, 1789, the kk Moravian-Silesian State Goods Disposal Commission leased the Bochtitz estate to Johann Topolansky for 7508 guilders a year. The subsequent owner was his widow Theresia († 1804), who was married to Wenzel Petřitschek for the second time. After the inheritance comparison of 1805, Petřitschek became the sole owner. On June 22, 1825, Petřitschek's daughter Aloisia Seidl inherited the Bochtitz rule with the Marschowitz estate.
In 1834 the village Wedrowitz or Wedrowice , formerly also called Bedrowice , consisted of 57 houses with 313 Moravian- speaking inhabitants, including 41 Reformed Helvetic Confession . The main source of income was agriculture, particularly viticulture and fruit growing. In the cemetery to the west above the village stood the branch church of St. Kunigunde. There was a trivial school and an inn in the village . Wedrowitz was the seat of one of the dominion's two forest districts. The parish was Wolframitz . Until the middle of the 19th century, Wedrowitz was subject to the Bochtitz rulership with Marschowitz.
After the abolition of patrimonial formed Vedrovice / Wedrowitz 1849 with the district Zábrdovice / Zabrdowitz a municipality in the judicial district Kromau. In December 1863 a parish was established in Vedrovice, which also included Zábrdovice. In 1866 Aloisia Seidl bought the rulership from the study fund from the long lease. In 1868 the community became part of the Kromau district. In 1912 a volunteer fire brigade was established in Vedrovice. After the First World War , the multi-ethnic state Austria-Hungary disintegrated and in 1918 the community became part of the newly formed Czechoslovak Republic . Zábrdovice broke away from Vedrovice in 1924 and formed its own municipality. After the Munich Agreement of 1938, the municipality located on the language border remained with Czechoslovakia and was assigned to the judicial district of Eibenschütz. Vedrovice was only connected to the Czechoslovak inland by a forest road to Moravské Bránice . At the time of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia , Vedrovice was officially incorporated into the Brno-Land / Okres Brno-venkov district on May 26, 1942; However, since the end of 1938 the district office of Brno-Land took on the tasks of the eleven municipalities of the former Mährisch-Kromau district that were not part of the German Reich. Until 1945 Vedrovice was a border town to the German Empire.
After the end of the Second World War, Vedrovice was again part of the Okres Moravský Krumlov. 16 families from Vedrovice moved to the formerly Sudeten German towns of Kubšice and Olbramovice in 1945. 1949 Zábrdovice was again incorporated into Vedrovice. An extensive granodiorite quarry was dug at Leskoun in the second half of the 1950s and since then large parts of the mountain, which originally had a height of 388 mnm, have been removed. During the territorial reform of 1960 Vedrovice was assigned to the Okres Znojmo in the course of the abolition of the Okres Moravský Krumlov . At the same time Zábrdovice lost the status of a district. In the course of the 20th century, Vedrovice and Zábrdovice grew together, and a new, large village square with the municipal office and school was built between the two old villages. The old road from Vedrovice via Rakšice to Moravský Krumlov was destroyed in 1983 in the course of the establishment of an apricot plantation in the U Krumlovské cesty corridor ; it was preserved in the game reserve. The Vedrovice municipality has had a coat of arms and a banner since 2000.
Community structure
No districts are shown for the municipality of Vedrovice. Basic settlement units are Vedrovice ( Wedrowitz ) and Zábrdovice ( Zabrdowitz , 1939–45 Saberdowitz ). Vedrovice also includes the one-layer Chrastí.
The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Vedrovice and Zábrdovice u Vedrovic.
Attractions
- Church of St. Kunigunde, it was built in the 16th century as a burial chapel and was first mentioned in writing in 1543. Jan Kusy von Mukoděly had a family crypt built under the choir, in which his father-in-law Niklas the Elder in 1595. Ä. Salawa was buried by the Lipa. It is not known whether Jan Kusy and his wife Elisabeth were also buried in the church. In 1848 the church tower was added at the expense of the municipality of Vedrovice and Zábrdovice. Under pastor Jan Nitče, the interior of the church was renovated at the beginning of the 20th century, including the construction of a new choir gallery and expansion of the cemetery. At the suggestion of Leoš Janáček , a new pneumatic organ with two manuals was created. The magnificent sandstone grave tablet for Niklas Salawa von der Lipa was moved from the inside of the church to the outer wall, where it was badly damaged by the weather.
- Wind pump in Zábrdovice, it was built between 1912 and 1914 by the Kunz company in Mährisch Weißkirchen for the water cooperative. From 1950 the pump received an additional electric motor drive, which from 1958 completely replaced the wind turbine. The wind turbine, which had become the community's landmark, then fell into disrepair. In 1982, the Technical Museum in Brno offered the municipality support in preserving the wind turbine. It was replaced by a replica. The wind turbine has been included in the list of cultural monuments as a technical monument since 1984 and is one of three preserved wind turbines in the Czech Republic. The original of the wind turbine is now in the museum courtyard.
- Museum with archaeological and regional history collection, built in 2010 in the former rectory on the new village square next to the municipal office
- Mount Leskoun, on its top there is an extensive quarry
- Rock group with the legendary Devil's Hole ( Čertova díra ), east of Vedrovice in the forest above the football field
- Memorial stone for those who fell in World War I, in front of the municipal office
- Crossroads on the road between Zábrdovice and Leskoun
- prehistoric fortified settlement on a spur above the Mokrý žleb ( Wet Valley ), one and a half kilometers northwest of Vedrovice in the Krumlovský les
Sons and daughters of the church
- František Roháček (1860–1904), writer
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/595047/Vedrovice
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ ALENA LUKES, MAREK ZVELEBIL, PAUL PETTITT, BIOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL IDENTITY OF THE FIRST FARMERS: INTRODUCTION TO THE VEDROVICE BIOARCHAEOLOGY PROJECT. Anthropologie 46, 2/3, 2008, 119. Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/26292834
- ^ Gregor Wolny : The Margraviate Moravia topographically, statistically and historically described , III. Volume: Znaimer Kreis (1837), pp. 92–99
- ↑ http://www.badatelna.eu/fond/123995
- ↑ 185/1942 Sb. Nařízení ministra vnitra nové úpravě obvodů a sídel okresních úřadů
- ↑ http://pametoveinstituceonline.cz/instituce/Statni_okresni_archiv_Znojmo/fondy/?s=22&q=m
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/595047/Obec-Vedrovice
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/595047/Obec-Vedrovice
- ^ Description of the church
- ↑ Description of the wind turbine
- ↑ Legend of the devil's hole