Podmyče

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Podmyče
Coat of arms of ????
Podmyče (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Jihomoravský kraj
District : Znojmo
Area : 566 ha
Geographic location : 48 ° 53 '  N , 15 ° 47'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 53 '14 "  N , 15 ° 46' 58"  E
Height: 440  m nm
Residents : 102 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code : 671 06
structure
Status: local community
Districts: 1
administration
Mayor : Radek Virgler (as of 2007)
Address: Podmyče 8
671 06 Podmyče
Municipality number: 594652
Margaret Chapel

Podmyče (German Pomitsch ) is a municipality with 97 inhabitants (January 1, 2004) in the Czech Republic . It is located at an altitude of 440 meters 3 km southwest of Vranov nad Dyjí ( Frain ) in southern Moravia on the border with Austria .

Other neighboring villages are Lančov ( Landschau ) in the north, Starý Petřín ( Alt Petrein ) and Novy Petřín ( New Petrein ) in the west and the Lower Austrian Felling in the south. The place itself is laid out as a longitudinal tangle village.

history

The layout of Pomitsch and the Bavarian-Austrian Ui dialect with its special Bavarian passwords , which were spoken until 1945, point to a settlement by Bavarian German tribes, as they were around 1050, but especially in 12/13. Century took place. The village "Pomocz" was first mentioned on September 28, 1323 in a document about an exchange between Johann von Luxemburg and Heinrich von Leipa . From 1371 the name "Podmicze" was used. The place was part of the Allodherrschaft Frain with the castle Neuhäusel .

Registries have been kept since 1642. Online search via the Brno State Archives. The name Pomitsch has been in use since 1672. In 1721 the St. Margarethen Chapel was built, and in 1871 the cemetery was laid out. Since the 18th century, Pomitsch was almost exclusively inhabited by Germans. The place was part of the Frain rule until the 19th century. When after 1875 the farms were divided up and parts were allowed to be sold, 7 farms were reduced in size, one farm was dissolved completely, and the school was built on this in 1900. The local farmers often ran into financial difficulties, so that between 1860 and 1904 12 of the 19 farms had to be sold. This only improved with the establishment of the Raiffeisenkasse around 1900. In the same year a school was set up in town. In 1905 the volunteer fire brigade was founded. The inhabitants of Pomitsch lived from livestock and agriculture, whereby the viticulture, cultivated in South Moravia for centuries, played no role. In addition to a small business, there was also a sawmill in town. In 1917 there was a famine as the frost had destroyed a large part of the harvest.

After the First World War , the Pratsch, whose residents spoke 98.5% German in 1910, fell to the newly founded Czechoslovakia . With the Munich Agreement , the place became part of the German Reichsgau Niederdonau on October 1, 1938 . In 1939 it was incorporated into Landschau , which was repealed in 1946.

After the end of the Second World War (May 8, 1945), the territories transferred to Germany in the Munich Agreement (1939), including the town of Pomitsch, came back to Czechoslovakia based on the Treaty of Saint-Germain (1919) . On June 17, 1945, most of the local German population was expelled across the border into Austria . The rest of the residents - except for 14 people - fled.

Coat of arms and seal

A seal is known from the 19th century. It shows the inscription "TORF POMITCH" within a wreath of leaves and a tree with fruits in the seal field on an indicated meadow. A later seal showed a six-star plow. From the year 1848 the village should have received a new seal.

Population numbers

year population German Czechs
1790 171 k. A. k. A.
1834 186 k. A. k. A.
1880 273 273 -
1900 280 280 -
1910 285 281 4th
1921 284 264 -
1939 323 309 2
1961 218 - 218

Attractions

  • The chapel of St. Margaret is in the center of the village (1721)
  • Cemetery (1871)
  • Torture with miraculous image (1783)
  • Miraculous image

regional customs

Rich customs determined the course of the year for the German local residents who were expelled in 1945/46:

  • On the Friday before Mardi Gras, the boys fetch brushwood from the community forest and use them to decorate the dance hall. The dance begins on Sunday at 2 p.m. and lasts until 4 a.m. on Monday. The girls go home to sleep and the boys drink until bright morning. On Monday morning the boys go to their dancers with accordion music and get coffee and cake, brine or smoked meat. In the evening the dance continues, this time only until midnight. On Tuesday morning the boys mask themselves and collect eggs, donuts, oats, lard, meat and money. From 14 on there is dancing again. The landlady prepares dinner from what has been collected. The rest of the money is drunk on the following "Brandy Sunday", the girls donate the cakes.

Say from the place

The German inhabitants also had a variety of legends :

  • One day a farm boy from Pomitsch went to Felling to see his girl. On the way back a rider came towards him. He was startled when he noticed that the rider was carrying his head under his arm. And the rider's horse was a "three-necked stallion", which when neighed blue flames from its mouth. The young man fled, but after a few meters he was hit on the back. The rider had thrown his head at him, but it flew back to this rider. The suitor continued his flight and received another blow in the back. Then the boy remembered the nearby Josefkreuz and ran desperately towards it. When the rider started the third litter, the young man shouted desperately: "Jessas, Maria and Josef, my last hour!". At the same moment the rider let go of him and disappeared into the Breitau. At the Joseph Cross the tormented man took a breather and thanked God for his support.

Literature and Sources

  • Ilse Tielsch -Felzmann: South Moravian Legends . 1969, Munich, Heimatwerk publishing house
  • Wenzel Max (Ed.): Thayaland. Folk songs and dances from South Moravia. 2nd Edition. South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen / Steige 1984.
  • Felix Bornemann: Arts and Crafts in South Moravia (1990), Pomitsch page 31
  • Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities (1992), Pomitsch page 187f
  • Cornelia Znoy: The expulsion of the Sudeten Germans to Austria 1945/46. With special consideration of the federal states of Vienna and Lower Austria. Vienna 1995, (Diploma thesis to obtain the master’s degree in philosophy, Faculty of Humanities at the University of Vienna, 1995; typed).
  • Rudolf Grulich : Organized Expulsion. Issue 8/2005, newsletter, March 2006
  • Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 316 f . (Pomitsch).

Web links

Commons : Podmyče  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  2. ↑ Kleindienst: The forms of settlement, rural building and material culture in South Moravia , 1989, p. 9
  3. ↑ Acta Publica Online search in the historical registers of the Moravian Provincial Archives Brno (cz, dt). Retrieved April 14, 2011.
  4. ↑ Codex diplomaticus et epistolaris Moraviae, Volume VII, p. 818
  5. ↑ Walfried Blaschka, Gerald Frodl: The Znaim district from A to Z. , 2009
  6. ^ Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume III. Maurer, Geislingen / Steige 2001, Pomitsch p. 316f. ISBN 3-927498-27-0 .
  7. ^ Gustav Gregor: the political district of Znaim Bl. 4 Pomitsch, 1970, p. 73
  8. ↑ South Moravian Yearbook, 1979, p. 169