Morašice
| Morašice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihomoravský kraj | ||||
| District : | Znojmo | ||||
| Area : | 560.4497 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 48 ° 57 ' N , 16 ° 13' E | ||||
| Height: | 246 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 231 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 671 71 | ||||
| License plate : | B. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Trstěnice - Želetice | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Adéla Šotkovská (as of 2020) | ||||
| Address: | Morašice 121 671 71 Hostěradice |
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| Municipality number: | 594474 | ||||
| Website : | morasiceuznojma.cz | ||||
Morašice (German Moratitz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located 16 kilometers northeast of Znojmo and belongs to the Okres Znojmo .
geography
Morašice is located on the south-eastern slope of the Jevišovická pahorkatina ( Jaispitzer hill country ). The village lies on the right side above the valley of the Skalička brook. The Horní Hájek (321 mnm) rises to the west. The state road II / 400 runs between Hostěradice and Višňové about a kilometer north of Morašice .
Neighboring towns are Trstěnice and Džbánice in the north, Vémyslice and Skalice in the Northeast, Mišovice and Hostěradice the east, Chlupice , Rybníčky Mlyn, Mackovice and Oleksovice the southeast, Stošíkovice na Louce and Vítonice in the south, Želetice and Domčice in the southwest, Horní Dunajovice and Mikulovice in West and Stupešice, Křepice and Višňové in the northwest.
history
Archaeological finds show an early settlement of the municipality. Fragments of bowls of the painted ceramic culture date from the Neolithic Age . In addition, a settlement and a burial ground of the Aunjetitz culture as well as ceramic shards and several barrows of the Horákov culture were discovered.
The first documentary mention of the village of Maratiz took place in 1253 on the occasion of the consecration of the Stehenitz church by the Ermland bishop Anselm as part of the parish of Stehenitz. From certificates of ownership it can be seen that the Stehenitz church had already been receiving the tithe from Maratiz since 1204 and also owned half a vineyard there. The name of the place is derived from the old Czech first name Mařata ( Marian ). Between 1376 and 1379 the nunnery in Daleschitz acquired various properties and income in Maratiz. In 1379 Niklas von Maratiz was a member of the Hostěradice council. Numerous changes of ownership took place up to the 16th century.
In the 16th century, more and more Germans settled in Moratitz. In 1535 the Coming of the Cross with the Red Star on Pöltenberg acquired part of the village. The first mention of the Church of St. Anna took place in 1554. Pastor Jiří Motyčka, who was in office in Stiegnitz between 1558 and 1563, incurred the anger of the residents of Moratitz when he asked for a small tithe on peas and cabbage for sermons in German, in addition to the tithe he was entitled to and robot , Vetch, lentils, hemp and millet. After the Thirty Years' War, the parish, which had been Protestant since 1580, was re-Catholicized. The portion belonging to the Daleschitz rule was released from liability for seizures in 1564 by Heinrich von Kralitz .
Around 1641 a part of Moratitz with a Meierhof, eleven donated and ten desolate houses belonged to the Selletitz estate . In 1663 gave Hartmann of Liechtenstein the Znojmo Dominicans a share of the village, they beat him her estate passage to. A large number of the German residents, such as the Hermann family , who moved from Dürnholz , were assimilated over time. In the course of the Theresian educational reform, a trivial school was set up in Stiegnitz in 1774 . In 1819 Moratitz received its own school. The cemetery around the church was closed in 1826 and a new one laid out on the western edge of the village.
In 1834 the village Moratitz or Moratice consisted of 49 houses with 281 mixed-language residents; of which 33 houses with 186 residents including the St. Anna branch church belonged to Gut Pöltenberg and 16 houses with 95 residents belonged to the monastery estate Durchlaß. A free terrace belonged to the Dominium Brenditz . In the Pöltenberg part there was also a school under the patronage of the community, an official Meierhof and an inn. Another inn was in the passage part. The parish was Stiegnitz. Until the middle of the 19th century, Moratitz remained divided between the Pöltenberg monastery and the passage estate.
After the abolition of patrimonial Moratice / Moratitz formed a community in the judicial district of Hrottowitz from 1849. In 1868 the community became part of the Kromau district. The inhabitants lived from agriculture and viticulture. The majority of the farmers cultivated areas of 2–5 ha, in the village there were four large farmers with 20–30 ha of land. Since the income of the small peasant farms was insufficient, mother-of-pearl buttons were made at home. Some of the residents left the village and looked for a new existence , mostly in Vienna . Since the end of the 19th century, Morasice has also been used as a Czech place name. Because of the spread of phylloxera , most of the vineyards were cleared at the beginning of the 20th century and orchards were planted in their place. At that time a brick factory started operations. In 1914 a new school building was inaugurated.
During the First World War , 22 Moratice men were killed . After the war, the multi-ethnic state Austria-Hungary disintegrated , and in 1918 the municipality became part of the newly formed Czechoslovak Republic . Since 1924 buses have been running to Znojmo, Mährisch Kromau and Misslitz . The current place name Morašice was introduced in 1925. In the course of the land reform of 1925, the property of the Cross Lords in Morašice was reduced to 60 hectares and leased the following year. In 1927 the village was electrified. The road to Trstěnice was built during the Great Depression. In 1936 the volunteer fire brigade was founded. Since three German families lived in Morašice, the village was occupied by German troops on October 9, 1938 as a result of the Munich Agreement and assigned to the German district of Znojmo . The residents filed a petition against this incorporation into the German Empire. After the border was established on November 20, 1938, the village was returned to Czechoslovakia four days later and incorporated into the Okres Moravské Budějovice. Until 1945 the community was on the border with the German Empire. During the Second World War, Bessarabian Germans were settled in houses No. 2, 31, 34, 55 and 117 . On May 8, 1945, the Red Army occupied the village; the German minority had fled Morašice before arriving. After the end of the Second World War, Morašice was again part of the Okres Moravský Krumlov.
In 1950 a JZD was formed which cultivated 513 hectares of land and built new farm buildings on the eastern edge of the village. After collectivization, fruit trees and sunken paths were removed and some new vineyards were created in the course of large-scale farming. In the course of the abolition of the Okres Moravský Krumlov, Morašice was assigned to the Okres Znojmo in 1961. Even during the communist rule, the majority of the residents remained Catholic, in 1970 the church received two bells again. In 1976 Morašice and Skalice merged . In the same year, the JZD Morašice joined the JZD Hostěradice. Since the 1980s, all the vineyards in Morašice have been gradually abandoned. After the Velvet Revolution , eight farms emerged from the JZD; however, the majority of the inhabitants of Morašice live from handicrafts and small businesses. In 1990 Morašice broke away from Skalice and formed its own municipality again. In the years 1994–1997 a local waterworks was built, between 1997 and 1998 the community was connected to the gas supply. In 2006 a nest of the great bustard , which had been considered extinct in the Czech Republic since 1996, was found in the fields between Morašice and Hostěradice .
The Morašice commune has a coat of arms and a banner. It shows the Kreuzherrenstern, a lily, a book and a bunch of grapes.
Attractions
- Late Gothic Church of St. Anna, she was first mentioned in 1554. The wooden bell tower was replaced by a stone one in 1706. The two bells had to be delivered as war metal in 1942 and were lost. In 1970 the church received two new bells.
- Eight crossroads in the village and the surrounding area
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the church
- Stanislav Balík (1928–2015), Czech legal historian
Lived and worked in the place
- Pavel Balík (1950–2017), Czech politician and Mayor of Znojmo from 1994 to 2006, he grew up in Morašice
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/594474/Morasice
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ http://morasiceuznojma.cz/category/archeologicke-nalezy/
- ^ Gregor Wolny : The Margraviate Moravia topographically, statistically and historically described , III. Volume: Znaimer Kreis (1837), pp. 184–191, 479
- ↑ http://morasiceuznojma.cz/category/historie-obce/