Pavlice (Czech Republic)
| Pavlice | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihomoravský kraj | ||||
| District : | Znojmo | ||||
| Area : | 1401.3749 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 48 ° 58 ' N , 15 ° 54' E | ||||
| Height: | 402 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 482 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 671 56 | ||||
| License plate : | B. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Znojmo - Moravské Budějovice | ||||
| Railway connection: | Znojmo – Kolín | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Pavel Nechvátal (as of 2015) | ||||
| Address: | Pavlice 90 671 56 Grešlové Mýto |
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| Municipality number: | 594601 | ||||
| Website : | www.pavlice.cz | ||||
Pavlice (German Paulitz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located eleven kilometers southeast of Moravské Budějovice and belongs to the Okres Znojmo .
geography
Pavlice is located on a hill on the right side above the valley of the river Jevišovka ( Gessowka ) in the Jevišovická pahorkatina ( Jaispitzer hill country ). The village is on the edge of the Jevišovka Nature Park. To the east rise the Třeska (405 m nm) and the Pevný kopec (412 m nm), in the southeast the Svatý kopeček ( Holy Mountain , 423 m nm), south the Kraví hora ( cow mountain , 478 m nm), in the southwest the Plenkovský kopec (428 m nm) and west of the Štambruk ( Paulitzer Berg , 433 m nm). The state road I / 38 / E 59 between Znojmo and Moravské Budějovice runs through the village . The Znojmo – Kolín railway runs two kilometers to the west ; the nearest railway station is Grešlové Mýto .
Neighboring towns are Blanné and Prokopov in the north, Jiřice u Moravských Budějovic , Boskovštejn and Jevišovice in the Northeast, Pavlický Dvůr and Bojanovice in the east, Jankovec, Hluboké Mašůvky , Plenkovice and Kravsko in the southeast, Vranovská Ves , Vracovice and Šumná in the south, Štítary in the southwest, Zálesí , Prostředeček and Dvůr Augustov in the west and Ctidružice and Grešlové Mýto in the northwest.
history
Archaeological finds show that the area has been inhabited since the Neolithic Age . The Boskovštejn school director František Vildomec discovered in 1930 during excavations at the Blažkovák or Blažkovský rybník ponds east of the village the remains of a settlement of the linear ceramic culture from around 5400 BC. Chr.
Pavlice was first mentioned in a document in 1252 as part of the Pöltenberg domain . In 1356 the Vladiken Albrecht and Turoch von Pavlice were named as owners of a Freihof. In the middle of the 14th century, Pavlice became part of the Bítov estate . When King Vladislav II Jagiello enfeoffed Heinrich Bítovský von Lichtenburg and his son Burian with the Bítov castle in 1498 , Pavlice was listed as an accessory to the castle. In 1519 Albrecht Bítovský von Lichtenburg left the village to Vladiken Jan von Mstěnice. After his death Pavlice fell to his four daughters Anežka, Anna, Alena and Kateřina, whose guardians sold the estate to Anežka von Kraigk in 1531 .
Before 1628, Karl Friedrich von Münsterberg-Oels acquired the Pavlice estate and added it to his rule in Jaispitz . The advantageous location of the village on Prague's Kaiserstrasse, inhabited by Czechs and a German minority, led to looting, devastation and desertification during the Thirty Years' War; On the main connection between the cities of Znojmo and Jihlava , Swedish and imperial troops passed through the town alternately. With the death of Karl Friedrich von Münsterberg-Oels in 1647, the Münsterberg line of the Lords of Podiebrad expired and the rule fell to his son-in-law Silvius Nimrod von Württemberg . This entered the reign of Jevišovice to Emperor Ferdinand III. to get the Duchy of Oels . In 1649 the French Marshal Jean-Louis Raduit de Souches bought the rule for 92,119 Rhenish guilders. In the same year he had a hospital with a house chapel built next to the chapel in Pavlice for six male and six female beneficiaries. In 1667 there were 21 families in Pavlice, including five Germans. After Marshal Raduit's death in 1682, his younger son Karl Ludwig de Souches inherited Jevišovice. In 1686 he set up a family fideikommiss , which his son Karl Joseph inherited. In 1737 he bequeathed the Jevišovice and Plaveč dominions to his daughters Maria Anna and Maria Wilhelmina. In 1743 Maria Wilhelmina's husband Johann Graf von und zu Ugarte bought the Jevišovice manor with the castle , the summer house and the town of Jevišovice as well as the villages of Střelice , Bojanovice , Černín , Vevčice , Únanov , Hluboké Mašůvky , Pavlice and the Pottaschehouses for 206,000 Rhenish guilders. In 1756, Ugartes' six underage children inherited the property. In the inheritance comparison of 1774, the second eldest son, Colonel Chancellor Aloys Graf von Ugarte († 1817) received the rule, which is now worth 480,159 Rhenish guilders, in 1829 his nephew and main heir Joseph Graf von Ugarte took over the inheritance. In 1785 the chapel in Pavlice was raised to a locality subordinate to the deanery Jevišovice and Vranovská Ves parish changed from Štítary to Pavlice. In 1800 a one-class utraquist village school started teaching in Pavlice. In 1821 the subjects from Pavlice took part in the South Moravian peasant uprising.
In 1834 the village of Paulitz or Paulice on the Znojmo Poststrasse consisted of 78 houses with 480 inhabitants. The newly built Philipps and Jakob Church, the hospital and the school were under the patronage of the authorities. In the village there was also an authoritarian brandy house and a large inn, aside from an authoritarian farm (Pavlický Dvůr) . Paulitz was the pastor for Gröschelmauth and Frainersdorf . Until the middle of the 19th century Paulitz remained subject to the allodial rule of Jaispitz .
After the abolition of patrimonial Paulice / Paulitz formed a community in the judicial district of Znojmo from 1849. In 1868 the municipality became part of the Znojmo District. The Czech form of the name Pavlice has been used since the 1870s. In 1893 the volunteer fire brigade was founded. In 1897 the Viennese banker and landowner Robert Simon Freiherr Biedermann von Túrony (a grandson of Michael Lazar Biedermann , 1849–1920) bought the Jaispitz manor. At the beginning of the 20th century there were three shops and three taverns and two butchers in Pavlice. Most of the residents worked as coral makers or potters. In 1916 the Viennese industrialist Wilhelm Ritter Ofenheim von Ponteuxin acquired the Jaispitz manor. In the 1930s tensions developed between the population groups in the area of the language border; these intensified when in 1936 a local branch of the Sudeten German party was founded in Frainersdorf, which is mainly inhabited by Germans . After the Munich Agreement of 1938, Pavlice stayed with Czechoslovakia and was assigned to the Okres Moravské Budějovice. The village was on the border with the German Empire until 1945. On July 30, 1942, the school principal Ferdinand Kulhánek was shot dead in an exchange of fire with the Gestapo. On May 9, 1945, the Red Army entered Pavlice. After the war ended, the community came back to Okres Znojmo . In July 1958, the forced collectivization of the peasants was over, Pavlice had become the 20th “socialist village” in the Okres.
Community structure
No districts are identified for the municipality of Pavlice. The Jankovec and Pavlický Dvůr (Paulitzer Hof) layers belong to Pavlice .
Attractions
- Church of St. Philip and James, built in 1835 in place of the previous hospital chapel. Until 1760 there was a calvary near the chapel. In 1785 the chapel was raised to a locality. The Chapel of the Suffering of Christ near the church was demolished in 1806.
- Holy Sepulcher Chapel at the church. In 1675 Jean-Louis Raduit de Souches had a holy grave built at the altar of the hospital chapel .
- House no. 1, former Ausspanne , the baroque farmstead built in the 17th century was redesigned in a classicist style in the 18th century.
- Trinity Column
- Late baroque wayside shrine on the road to Boskovštejn, it was repaired in 2005
- Karel Pokorný bust in front of the municipal office
Sons and daughters of the church
- Bohumír Pokorný (1877–1968), composer and choir director
- Karel Pokorný (1891–1962), sculptor
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/594601/Pavlice
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ^ Gregor Wolny : The Margraviate Moravia topographically, statistically and historically described , III. Volume: Znaimer Kreis (1837), pp. 259–260