Trstěnice u Moravského Krumlova
| Trstěnice | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihomoravský kraj | ||||
| District : | Znojmo | ||||
| Area : | 1438.5956 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 48 ° 59 ' N , 16 ° 12' E | ||||
| Height: | 258 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 554 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 671 71 | ||||
| License plate : | B. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Vémyslice - Mikulovice | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jana Smejkalová (as of 2016) | ||||
| Address: | Trstěnice 122 671 71 Hostěradice |
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| Municipality number: | 594971 | ||||
| Website : | www.trsteniceumorkrumlova.cz | ||||
Trstěnice (German Stiegnitz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located eleven kilometers southwest of Moravský Krumlov and belongs to the Okres Znojmo .
geography
Trstěnice is located on the left side of the Trstěnický potok on the southeastern slope of the Jevišovická pahorkatina ( Jaispitzer hill country ). To the north rises the Tanárka (391 m nm), in the northeast the Žlíbky (341 m nm), south of the Horní Hájek (321 m nm) and in the west the Stará hora (376 m nm). State road II / 398 between Vémyslice and Mikulovice runs through the village .
Neighboring towns are Rešice , Karolín, Čermákovice and Tulešice in the north, Džbánice , Dobelice , Petrovice and Lesonice in the Northeast, Bohutice and Kadov in the east, Mišovice , Hostěradice and Skalice in the southeast, Morašice and Želetice in the south, Dolní Mlýn, Domčice , Horní Dunajovice , Plaveč , Němčičky and Mikulovice in the southwest, Višňové and Běhařovice in the west and Medlice , Pustý Zámek, Tavíkovice and Horní Kounice in the northwest.
history
Archaeological finds show that the area has been settled since the Paleolithic . The Neolithic fortress Pustý zámek in the Oedschloßwald is one of the oldest in South Moravia, along with the Křepice and Kadov facilities.
The first written mention of the village Stehenitz took place in 1247, as the new Bishop of Olomouc Bruno which in 1204 by his predecessor Robert ownership confirmation, the church has two Lahne with vineyards, mining law and the wine tithes and the fruit and livestock tithe in Stehenitz , half The vineyards in Moratic and the tithe from the villages of Moratic, Berg, Střelic and Zbanic were renewed. At that time, the property was owned by Vladike Ručka von Stehenitz. In 1253 the Warmian bishop Anselm , who was in Moravia in preparation for the crusade of King Ottokar II. Přemysl , consecrated the new St. Gotthard Church, elevated it to a parish and reaffirmed ownership; Bruck Abbey held the patronage until 1613 . Řízek von Stehenitz had his seat here in 1255, and a fortress probably already existed at that time. Since the 14th century the village was divided between different owners. In 1348 Bohunek von Stehenitz ceded a lawn, a field and a farm to his wife Anna. In 1353 Wlček von Olkowitz sold five Lahne in Trzstyenicz to Drslaw von Trzstyenicz. Niklas von Trzstyenicz held another stake at this time. The Olomouc Provost Johann and his nephew Tas von Tasov sold three and a quarter Lahne to Filip von Křižánkov in 1355. In 1365 Bolik von Trzstyenicz prescribed his wife Agnes a Wittum on two lahne. Bohunek von Trzstyenicz bought most of the village from brothers Woyslaw and Tobias von Křižánkov around 1370; In 1375 he also acquired his brother Bolik's Freihof. In 1380 Bohunek prescribed his daughter Anna, who was married to Margravial Marshal Filipp, a dowry on twelve lahne. Four years later, the district judge Bohunek von Trzstyenicz prescribed his wife Elsbeth a Wittum at the fortress in Trzstyenicz and the court he lived in. In 1390 he took his daughter Anna and her second husband Filip von Svojanov in community of property on the Trzstyenicz estate and vineyard rights in Zbanice. In 1405 Bohunek's daughter Anna gave her inheritance in Trzstyenicz and Zbanice to her third husband Benedikt von Turowitz and his brothers Předbor and Leonard, called Rohozka; at the same time her mother Elsbeth took the three brothers in community to her Wittum. In 1414 Předbor von Trzstyenicz sold the half of Zbanice inherited from his brother Richard. The villages of Střelic and Lyšanowic fell into desolation in the 15th century. In 1496 the sisters Dorothea and Anna von Trzstyenicz left the Trzstyenicz estate with the village of the same name, the desert village of Střelic and a portion of Zbanice to Andreas von Zástřizl . During the 16th century the village was called Křtěnice ; the decisive factor for this change of name is the strong Hutterite community that emerged at this time , the Anabaptists are called in the Czech Křtěnectví ; the first Hutterites came to the village before 1560. The archaeologist Jiří Pajer assumes that the Bruderhof was located on the square of houses 59 and 60 and that the manorial distillery and potash boiler were built in its place. In 1561 Sigmund von Zástřizl signed over the fortress, the village and the farm in Křtěnice including seven inmates in Zbanice and the desert villages Střelic and Lyšanowic to Anna von Biskupitz. At that time, Stygnic had developed into the main town of the Hutterites in the region, the Oberhof in Stygnic was subordinate to the Hutterer communities in Stygnic, Tavíkovice , Višňové, Čermákovice and Skalice . The Hutterites lived in particular from pottery and agriculture. In addition to the Hutterites, Catholics lived in the village, and later Bohemian brothers too.
Until 1580, Catholic priests appointed by the Archdeaconate of Znaim worked in Stygnic. Pastor Jiří Motyčka, who was in office between 1558 and 1563, incurred the anger of the residents of Moratitz when, in addition to the tithe he was entitled to and robot, he paid a small tithe on peas, cabbage, vetch, lentils for sermons requested in German. Hemp and millet promised. During the inauguration of his brother in office in Niklowitz , the unflattering words Lotr lotra uvádí ( The thief introduces the thief ) were used. After Father Motyčka received a beating from the subjects in Moratitz instead of his demands, he left Stygnic and moved to Nezamyslice . The landlord Maximilian Lev von Rosental appointed a Bohemian brother as pastor around 1580. At that time the Brethren had grown to become the strongest religious community in Stygnic, because of their closeness to the Hutterites, it is assumed that Wendel Holba also preached in the church. In 1580 Mr. Lev von Rosental sold their share of Stygnic with the fortress and the farm including vineyards and accessories as well as the desert villages Lišanowice and Střelice to Johann Zahradecky von Zahradek, who united the Stygnic estate with Wischenau .
From 1609 the rule Wischenau belonged to the Moravian under chamberlain Heinrich Zahradecky von Zahradek. In 1613 the Olomouc Metropolitan Chapter took over the church patronage in Stignitz from the Bruck Abbey. After the Battle of White Mountain , the Hutterites were expelled from Stignitz. Karl Zahradecky von Zahradek sold the estate Wischenau in 1629 for 54,000 Moravian guilders to Alexander Elbogner von Unterschönfeld; The Veste Stignitz including the brewery and malt house, sheepfold, mill, fruit orchards, kitchen gardens and extensive vineyards were also listed. In 1667 the Lords of Selb acquired the Wischenau rule from the indebted Ludwig Elbogner. In 1765 the von Selb family was also so in debt that the rule was auctioned off. The buyer was Johann Paul von Buol-Wischenau , a son-in-law of the late Johann Anton von Selb. In 1793 Rudolph Count Taaffe bought the rule from his heirs. In 1799 the Olomouc Chapter ceded the church patronage in Stignitz to the landlord Rudolph von Taaffe. In 1830 Rudolf's son Ludwig Count Taaffe inherited the Wischenau estate. In 1836 he sold it to Kaspar Philipp Spiegel zumhabenberg-Hanxleden , who bequeathed the rule to his underage son Ferdinand in 1837.
In 1834 the village of Stignitz or Křtěnice , formerly called Třtěnice , consisted of 103 houses with 547 Moravian- speaking residents. The parish belonging to the Hosterlitz deanery , the Kreuzkirche and the school were under the patronage of the rulers . In addition, there was a large two-storey rectory in the village with extensive orchards and vegetable gardens, an official apartment, a brewery, a brandy house with a potash hut, a guest house and two mills by the stream. Cellars and foundation walls were still preserved from the fortress and the desert villages of Střelic and Lyšanowic. Stignitz was the parish for Wischenau, Zbanitz and Moratitz ; The official place was Wischenau. Until the middle of the 19th century, Stignitz remained subject to the allodial rule of Wischenau.
After the abolition of patrimonial formed Trstěnice / Stiegnitz 1849 a municipality in the judicial district Kromau. In 1868 the community became part of the Kromau district. Since the 1880s, Křtěnice and Třtěnice were used alternatively as Czech place names. After the First World War , the multi-ethnic state of Austria-Hungary disintegrated , and the municipality of Křtěnca became part of the newly formed Czechoslovak Republic in 1918 . In 1924 Trstěnice was established as the official Czech place name. In the course of the abolition of the Moravský Krumlov Okres, Trstěnice was assigned to the Okres Znojmo in 1961. The community has had a coat of arms and a banner since 2005.
Older residents call the village Křtěnca or Křtěnice . Wine is no longer grown in the corridors of the community today.
Community structure
No districts are shown for the municipality of Trstěnice. The Dolní Mlýn, Karolín and Pustý Zámek layers belong to Trstěnice.
Attractions
- Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross on a hill above the village; it was built in the middle of the 13th century in place of an older predecessor and in 1253 by Bishop Anselm von Meißen dedicated to St. Gotthard consecrated. From 1798 the Gothic church was rebuilt, financed by the Olomouc Metropolitan Chapter with 1,000 ducats and Pastor Joseph Nowak with 3,285 guilders. The ship was lengthened by seven meters. On the wall behind the altar, Josef Winterhalder created the frescoes of hll. Florian and Bertrand. Pastor Nowak also took over the cost of the new interior including the frescoes and the sculpting work by Andreas Schweigel . After completion, the church was consecrated to the Exaltation of the Holy Cross in 1807. The semicircular Romanesque apse dates from the beginning of the 13th century. The cross with the figure of Christ behind the main altar was erected in 1844 and comes from the Jesuit church in Telč .
- Baroque statue of St. John of Nepomuk, created in 1722, on the village square
- Chapel on the village square, built in the middle of the 19th century
- Dolní Mlýn watermill, it is the only remaining Hutterite building in Trstěnice. The most famous owner was the miller and preacher Wendel Holba († 1587). On the main beam there is a sign with the year 1612. At the corners of the north side there are two oriels; one view of the community center, the other of the farmyard.
- Dolní dvůr ( Lower Courtyard ), in its place was the Hutterite farmyard , of which a piece of wall made of typical Haban bricks has survived. In 1895 a buried clay pot with silver coins from the period between 1520 and 1615 was discovered.
- Žlíbky, the hill that used to be mostly planted with vines, offers a wide view of the Thaya-Schwarza valley to the east
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/594971/Trstenice
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ^ Gregor Wolny : The Margraviate Moravia topographically, statistically and historically described , III. Volume: Znaimer Kreis (1837), pp. 566-567, 571-572
- ↑ http://www.trsteniceumorkrumlova.cz/file.php?nid=980&oid=949740
- ↑ http://www.trsteniceumorkrumlova.cz/index.php?nid=980&lid=cs&oid=79748
- ↑ http://www.trsteniceumorkrumlova.cz/index.php?nid=980&lid=cs&oid=79752