Cocktail (dish)
Cocktails are international cold dishes , mostly based on cooked crustaceans and shellfish , fish , poultry , meat or vegetables . They are usually served with a spicy, piquant cocktail sauce , especially as a starter . Fruit cocktails form the refreshing conclusion of a menu.
Since the beginning of the 19th century, alcoholic mixed drinks have been referred to as cocktails based on the USA . The starters of the same name probably only emerged in the USA in the middle of the 20th century and came into international fashion in the 1960s and 1970s.
preparation
Since cocktails are perishable due to their fresh ingredients, they are only prepared shortly before consumption. They are in chilled glasses, e.g. B. Cocktail bowls or goblets served. In some cases, hollowed out fruits are used instead. As a base you prepare a chiffonade , which consists of plucked herbs or fine strips of green salad or vegetables . The cut ingredients are seasoned and marinated with suitable flavor carriers ( vinegar , brandy , seasoning sauces ). To do this, you fill the glasses with the ingredients in layers and pour cocktail sauce over them. They are then garnished with lemon, herbs, olives, mushroom slices , fruit or the like, and served with side dishes such as toast or cheese sticks.
variants
Fish and seafood cocktails
- Oyster cocktail made from raw oysters and a cocktail sauce
- Clam cocktail made from cooked clams and a cocktail sauce
- Fish cocktail made from steamed fish, e.g. B. with melted tomatoes , black olives , peppers and onions in lemon juice marinated with olive oil , orange juice , Worcestershire and Tabasco sauce is completed
- Lobster cocktail made from cubes of cooked and loosened lobster and a cocktail sauce
- Prawn , shrimp or prawn cocktail made from cooked, shrimp with a sauce made from ketchup and whipped cream , horseradish or mayonnaise and, depending on the recipe, other ingredients such as small mushrooms
- Mussel cocktail made from cooked scallops or mussels and a cocktail sauce
Meat cocktails
- Poultry cocktail
- Ham cocktail
Vegetable cocktails
- Artichoke cocktail
- Avocado cocktail
- Tomato cocktail
Other cocktails
- Cheese cocktail
- Egg cocktail
Fruit cocktails
Fruit cocktails are a special form, as neither chiffonade nor cocktail sauce is used with them . In the preparation one does not use strongly colored fruits like berries, and instead combines citrus fruits with melon , pineapple and local fruits. Liqueurs, rum and sherry are used for marinating, as these harmonize better with the fruit than brandy. The glasses are decorated with a sugar rim.
swell
- Cold kitchen , Leipzig 1987
- Erhard Gorys : The New Kitchen Lexicon
- Herings Lexicon of the Kitchen , Haan 2001
- American Word Origins