Colea

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Colea
Colea seychellarum

Colea seychellarum

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Trumpet Family (Bignoniaceae)
Genre : Colea
Scientific name
Colea
Bojer ex Meisn.

Colea is a genus of plants that belongs tothe trumpet tree family (Bignoniaceae). Most of the approximately 35 species are distributed in Madagascar , one species occurs in Mauritius and one is endemic to the Seychelles .

description

Bark and twigs with flowers of Colea seychellarum

Vegetative characteristics

Colea species are small, often densely branched trees or shrubs . Both the pseudo stipules and the unpaired leaves are arranged in whorls ; the leaves are only rarely arranged opposite each other.

Generative characteristics

The inflorescences are stem-flowered thyrs from a few flowers .

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The calyx is cup-shaped and can have five teeth. The crown is white, yellow, pink, mauve with a yellowish crown throat or dark red in color. It is straight tubular to bell-shaped and has a thick texture. The four fertile stamens do not protrude beyond the crown. The anthers consist of a single, fertile theca, the second theca is only rudimentary and sterile. In addition to the stamens, a single, short staminodium is formed. The ovary is occupied ovate-conical and with glands or warts or ribbed. In the ovary chambers, the ovules are in multiple rows. The ovary is partially surrounded by a cup-shaped flower base .

The fruits are short, egg-shaped, rounded, almost kidney-shaped or, rarely, elongated berries . They can have fine or coarse warts or large, irregular wings. The seeds are spherical, their surface is smooth.

Systematics and distribution

Taxonomy

The generic name Colea comes from Wenceslas Bojer , it was validly published by Carl Daniel Friedrich Meisner in 1840 : Plantarum vascularium genera secundum ordines ... Volume 1, p. 301. Type species is Colea colei (Bojer ex Hook.) MLGreen . The generic name honors Galbraith Lowry Cole (1772-1842), a British military officer and politician, governor of Mauritius and the Cape . Synonyms for Colea Bojer ex Meisn. nom. cons. are the previously published names Uloma Raf. nom. rej. (1836) and Odisca Raf. nom. rej. (1838).

External system

The genus Colea belongs to the tribe Coleeae within the family Bignoniaceae .

Species and their distribution

There have been around 35 species in the genus Colea since 2016: According to Callmander et al. In 2016, the species of the genus Ophiocolea H. Perrier were placed in the genus Colea so that it becomes monophyletic.

The distribution area of ​​the approximately 35 species of the genus Colea since 2016 is the area of ​​the western Indian Ocean. The species are common in many provinces of Madagascar . Only Colea colei is on Mauritius , Colea seychellarum to the Seychelles and Colea comorensis in the Comoros endemic .

Species of the genus Colea
  • Colea alata H.Perrier : It is only known from about three localities in the eastern provinces of Fianarantsoa and Toamasina of Madagascar.
  • Colea alba H.Perrier : It occurs in central Madagascar.
  • Colea ambrensis (Callm. & Phillipson) Callm., Phillipson & Buerki (Syn .: Ophiocolea ambrensis Callm. & Phillipson ): It occurs in Madagascar.
  • Colea asperrima H. Perrier : It is only known from about four localities in the northeastern provinces of Antsiranana and Toamasina.
  • Colea barbatula H.Perrier : It is only known from two to five localities in the provinces of Mahajanga and Toamasina in northwestern Madagascar.
  • Colea bernieri Baill. ex H.Perrier : It was collected in Madagascar, more precise information on where it was found is not available.
  • Colea campenonii H. Perrier : It is only known from the type material that was collected in central Madagascar, more precise information on the location is not available.
  • Colea colei (Bojer ex Hook.) MLGreen (Syn .: Colea ramiflora Zjhra ): It is endemic to Mauritius .
  • Colea comorensis (H.Perrier) Callm., Phillipson & Buerki (Syn .: Ophiocolea comorensis H.Perrier ): It occurs on the Comoros.
  • Colea concinna Baker : It occurs only in the Toamasina province in central Madagascar.
  • Colea darainensis (Callm., Phillipson & Nusb.) Callm., Phillipson & Buerki (Syn .: Ophiocolea darainensis Callm., Phillipson & Nusb. ): It occurs in Madagascar.
  • Colea decaryi (H.Perrier) Callm., Phillipson & Buerki (Syn .: Ophiocolea decaryi H.Perrier ): It occurs in Madagascar.
  • Colea delphinensis (H.Perrier) Callm., Phillipson & Buerki ( Ophiocolea delphinensis H.Perrier ): It occurs in south-eastern Madagascar.
  • Colea floribunda Bojer (Syn .: Colea decora Bojer ): It occurs in Madagascar.
  • Colea fusca H.Perrier : It is common in the Antsiranana and Toamasina provinces of Madagascar.
  • Colea gentryi Zjhra : It was first described in 2006 from Madagascar.
  • Colea hirsuta Aug.DC. (Syn .: Colea resupinata Zjhra ): There is little herbarium material. It occurs in any case in Madagascar in the Antsiranana province, and possibly in the Toamasina province as well.
  • Colea labatii Callm. & Phillipson : It was first described in 2012 from the northern part of the Antsiranana province of Madagascar.
  • Colea lantziana Baill. : It is common in central and eastern Madagascar in the provinces of Antananarivo and Toamasina.
  • Colea lutescens H.Perrier (Syn .: Colea racemosa Baker ): It is common in the provinces of Antananarivo and Toamasina.
  • Colea muricata H.Perrier : It is only known from two to five localities in the province of Mahajanga .
  • Colea myriaptera H.Perrier : It occurs in the province of Antsiranana in northern Madagascar.
  • Colea nana H.Perrier : It occurs in eastern Madagascar. One can distinguish between three varieties:
    • Colea nana var. Catati H.Perrier
    • Colea nana var. Glanduligera H.Perrier
    • Colea nana var. Nana
  • Colea obtusifolia DC. : It occurs along the east coast of Madagascar in the provinces of Fianarantsoa , Toamasina and Toliara .
  • Colea pauciflora (Callm., Phillipson & Nusb.) Callm., Phillipson & Buerki (Syn .: Ophiocolea pauciflora Callm., Phillipson & Nusb. ): It occurs in Madagascar.
  • Colea purpurascens Seem. : The home is northern Madagascar. It is only known from about two sites in the northern part of the Antsiranana province.
  • Colea ratovosonii (Callm. & Phillipson) Callm., Phillipson & Buerki (Syn .: Ophiocolea ratovosonii Callm. & Phillipson ): It occurs in Madagascar.
  • Colea resupinata Zjhra : The species first described in 2006 occurs in Madagascar.
  • Colea rosea Zjhra : The species first described in 2006 occurs in Madagascar.
  • Colea rubra H.Perrier : It occurs in central Madagascar. It is only known from two to five localities in the provinces of Antsiranana and Mahajanga.
  • Colea seychellarum Seem. : She is endemic to the Seychelles .
  • Colea sytsmae Zjhra : It wasfirst describedin 2006 from the Masoala peninsula.
  • Colea tetragona DC. (Syn .: Colea membranacea Aug.DC. ): It is distributed along the east coast of Madagascar.
  • Colea unifoliolata Callm. & Phillipson : It was first described in 2012 from the Toamasina province in Madagascar.
  • Colea velutina (H.Perrier) Callm., Phillipson & Buerki (Syn .: Ophiocolea velutina H.Perrier ): It occurs in north-central Madagascar.

proof

literature

  • E. Fischer, I. Theisen, LG Lohmann: Bignoniaceae . In: Klaus Kubitzki, Joachim W. Kadereit (eds.): Flowering Plants, Dicotyledons: Lamiales (except Acanthaceae Including Avicenniaceae) , Springer Verlag, 2004. ISBN 978-3-5404059-3-1 . P. 36.
  • Michelle L. Zjhra: New taxa of Coleeae (Bignoniaceae) from Madagascar. I. A collection from Masoala Peninsula. In: Annales Botanici Fennici , Volume 43, Issue 3, 2006, pp. 225-239. JSTOR 23727213
  • Martin W. Callmander, PB Phillipson: Two new species of Colea Bojer ex Meisn. (Bignoniaceae) endemic to Madagascar. In: Adansonia , Volume 34, Issue 1, 2012, pp. 115–122.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Meisner scanned in at biodiversitylibrary.org in 1840 .
  2. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names. Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. online.
  3. ^ Colea at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed March 4, 2015.
  4. ↑ Michelle L. Zjhra, KJ Sytsma, RG Olmstead: Delimitation of Malagasy tribe Coleeae and implications for fruit evolution in Bignoniaceae inferred from a chloroplast DNA phylogeny. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution , Volume 245, 2004. pp. 55-67. doi : 10.1007 / s00606-003-0025-y
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Colea at Tropicos.org. In: Catalog of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Colea. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved December 17, 2018.
  7. ↑ Lucia G. Lohmann, C. Ulloa Ulloa: Bignoniaceae. In: iPlants prototype checklist. In: www.iplants.org last accessed on February 22, 2009.
  8. ↑ Martin Wilhelm Callmander, Peter B. Phillipson, Gregory Michael Plunkett, Edwards, Sven Buerki: Generic delimitations, biogeography and evolution in the tribe Coleeae (Bignoniaceae), endemic to Madagascar and the smaller islands of the western Indian Ocean. In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution , Volume 96, 2016, pp. 178-186, figs: 2. doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2015.11.016

Web links

Commons : Colea  - collection of images, videos and audio files