Conrad Pflüger

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Conrad Pflüger (also Konrad Pflüger ; * around 1450 in Swabia; † probably 1506 or 1507 in Leipzig ) was one of the leading architects and builders of the late Gothic and was considered the highest artistic authority and authority in Albertine Saxony in the 1490s . He was also the city architect of Görlitz and at the same time the ducal Saxon foreman .

Act

The origin, the background of his education and the personal circumstances of the busy and well-traveled pupil Arnold von Westfalen are not exactly known and are based only on assumptions. In contrast, Conrad Pflüger's work as a master builder, who was particularly valued as a specialist in the construction of vaults in late Gothic churches, can be well documented for the period from 1477 to 1506.

In 1477 the future architect and builder was first mentioned as Parlier Arnold von Westfalen († 1480), whose main work, the Albrechtsburg in Meißen , he completed between 1480/81 and 1483. After that, Pflüger participated in the construction of Hartenfels Castle in Torgau from 1482 , perhaps from 1484 in the construction of Moritzburg in Halle and in the construction of Wittenberg Castle , where he can be verified as the designer and construction manager of the castle church from 1496 .

Furthermore looked Pflüger, together with its parleying Blasius Börer and Urban Laubanisch, on the establishment of the Holy Sepulcher and the Church of St. Peter and Paul in Görlitz, the construction of the St. Thomas Church in Leipzig, the construction of the Cross Church in Dresden and at the construction of the St .-Anne Church in Annaberg with. Pflüger was also awarded a number of expert opinions and drafts for the renovation of the Nikolaikirche and the new construction of the Peterskirche in Leipzig.

Conrad Pflüger often carried out the floor plans for the building projects and personally directed the particularly difficult vault construction of the churches. The respected master builder was able to fall back on a well-functioning network of master builders, parlors and stonemasons and maintained a lively exchange of ideas and experiences with the builders Claus Roder, Peter von Pirna and Jacob von Schweinfurt , who also worked in Saxony , who advised each other on building projects and influenced each other in their work.

Between 1490 and 1497 Pflüger took up residence in Görlitz, where he also held the office of city architect. The ducal Saxon foreman moved to Meißen in 1498 to build the Dresden Kreuzkirche and lived in Leipzig around 1505/06. Then the track of the coveted specialist is lost. It is therefore assumed that Conrad Pflüger died in Leipzig in 1506 or 1507.

Buildings (selection)

Note: The years only reflect the (partly assumed) periods of time when Conrad Pflüger worked on subsequent buildings.

literature

  • Kai Wenzel: Traveling architects and builders in the late Middle Ages and early modern times. Konrad Pflüger, Ezechiel Eckhardt and Johann Christoph von Naumann . In: Winfried Müller (ed.): People on the move. Via regia and its actors. Volume of essays on the 3rd Saxon State Exhibition, Dresden 2011, pp. 106–113.
  • Stefan Bürger: Technology and Form - Monumentalization and Perfection of Saxon Architecture under Konrad Pflüger (1482 to 1507) . In: Stefan Bürger; Bruno Klein (ed.): Werkmeister of the late Gothic - people, office and image, Darmstadt 2010, pp. 193–215.
  • Wolfgang Hocquél , Leipzig - Builders and Buildings - From the Romanesque to the Present , Tourist Verlag, Berlin / Leipzig, 1990, ISBN 3-350-00333-8
  • Marianne Mehling (editor), Knaur's cultural guide in color - Saxony-Anhalt , Droemersche Verlagsanstalt Th. Knaur Nachf., Munich 1991, ISBN 3-426-26489-7
  • Art monuments in the GDR - A picture handbook districts Dresden - Karl-Marx-Stadt - Leipzig , explanations and selection of pictures by Albrecht Dohmann, Edition Leipzig, 2nd improved edition 1989, ISBN 3-361-00249-4
  • Gerlinde Schlenker , Artur Schellbach, Wolfram Junghans; In the footsteps of the Wettins in Saxony-Anhalt , Janos Stekovics publishing house , Halle an der Saale, 2nd revised, expanded edition 1999, ISBN 3-932863-00-3
  • Dietrich Conrad, Church building in the Middle Ages - building planning and construction , with the advisory participation of Klaus Mertens, Edition Leipzig at Dornier Medienholding GmbH, Berlin; 3rd edition 1998, ISBN 3-361-00466-7

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ Conrad Pflüger can only be traced between 1477 and 1506. The assumption of the year of birth is based on the description of a 50-year-old master builder Conrad Schwab, who was involved in the construction of St. Anne's Church in Annaberg and is now identified with Conrad Pflüger . In 1504, the City Council of Leipzig committed Conrad Pflüger for several ambitious properties on a long-term basis. It can be proven that Pflüger worked out a number of reports and drafts up to 1506, but after that he was not active in Leipzig or in other places.
  2. ↑ The later master builders Blasius Börer († 1505 in Leipzig) and Urban Laubanisch were originally parlors of the Pflügerische Hütte in Görlitz and accompanied their master on his most important building projects. The collaboration between the three master builders is comparable to the division of labor between the later Leipzig master builder Hieronymus Lotter and Paul Speck or Paul Widemann .
  3. ↑ The work of the stonemason, master builder and architect Claus Roder can only be proven for the years 1471 to 1499. He is considered the architect of the Sacrament House of the Dresden Frauenkirche (around 1471) and often worked with Conrad Pflüger.
  4. ↑ Conrad Pflüger continued the Albrechtsbau, which Arnold von Westfalen had begun, but which was not completed until 1538.
  5. ↑ Conrad Pflüger followed the call of Archbishop Ernst von Magdeburg , a Wettin, to Halle and participated as one of several master builders in the construction of the Moritzburg, a late Gothic four-wing complex surrounded by deep moats.
  6. ↑ After a pilgrimage to Jerusalem undertaken for political reasons in 1464/65, the mayor Georg Emmerich followed an idea that was common at the time to recreate the holy places in the home and therefore committed Conrad Pflüger and Blasius Börer to the construction. The Vesper picture in the ointment house was probably created by Hans Olmützer around 1500.
  7. ^ Conrad Pflüger, Blasius Börer and Urban Laubanisch directed the vault construction of the church. The town council of Görlitz obliged them on January 9, 1491 to complete the construction phase that had begun in 1457 and which apparently had stalled. Pflüger was inspired by the three polygonal choir closings already practiced in Wroclaw, Prague and Vienna at that time and introduced this innovation for the first time in Saxony.
  8. ↑ According to the plans of Conrad Pflüger, the three-winged complex was built between 1489 and 1525. Details of the late Gothic architecture can still be seen in the two stairwells open to the courtyard. As a result of the destruction in the Seven Years' War (1756–1763) and the renovation work at the beginning of the 19th century, the work of the late Gothic builders Conrad Pflüger and Claus Roder are largely no longer preserved. 1496/97 Pflüger was in charge of the arching of the castle church.
  9. ↑ In 1489, the City Council of Leipzig wanted an experienced master builder to secure the vaulting of the St. Thomas Church, which was under construction, and turned to Erhard Bauer from Eger, who recommended Conrad Pflüger. Claus Roder had been working on the building of the nave since 1482. However, in 1494 he was dismissed without notice after a gallery collapsed and Conrad Pflüger carried out the vaulting of the church. Rochlitz porphyry was used for the reticulated vault .
  10. ↑ Conrad Pflüger followed the call of Claus Roder, who was immediately hired as a master builder for the Kreuzkirche in Dresden after his 1494 dismissal without notice for the construction of the St. Thomas Church in Leipzig. For this reason, Pflüger moved his residence from Görlitz to Meißen.
  11. ↑ Conrad Pflüger, Peter von Pirna, a Magister Erasmus and Jacob von Schweinfurt worked successively on the construction of the most important late Gothic hall church. Pflüger was responsible for the floor plan, Peter von Pirna and Jacob von Schweinfurt carried out the arching.
  12. ↑ The realization of the drafts, such as the new building of the nave, did not begin until 1513 and was finished in 1525. The builder was Benedikt Eisenberg, the head stonemason was Michael Bentz, who was called the stonemason for St. Nicholas and whose master's mark is still visible under the vaulted console on the tower.
  13. ↑ Conrad Pflüger no longer worked on the construction of St. Peter's Church, which began in 1507. In 1885 the Peterskirche was demolished.
personal data
SURNAME Pflüger, Conrad
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pflüger, Konrad; Schwab, Conrad; Plüger, Conrad; Schwab, Konrad; Plüger, Konrad
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect of the late Gothic and master builder (around 1477–1506)
DATE OF BIRTH around 1450
PLACE OF BIRTH unsure: Swabia
DATE OF DEATH 1506 or 1507
Place of death uncertain: Leipzig