Cruz de Machacamarca
| Cruz de Machacamarca | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 Cruz de Machacamarca in the plain of the Río Lauca |
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| Basic data | |||
| Residents (state) | 278 pop. (2012 census) | ||
| height | 3938 m | ||
| Post Code | 04-0503-0100-1001 | ||
| Telephone code | (+591) | ||
| Coordinates | 18 ° 46 ′ S , 68 ° 19 ′ W | ||
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| politics | |||
| Department | Oruro | ||
| province | Litoral Province | ||
| climate | |||
 Climate diagram Huachacalla |
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Cruz de Machacamarca is a town in the Oruro department in the highlands of the South American Andean state of Bolivia .
Location in the vicinity
Cruz de Machacamarca is the central place of the district ( Bolivian : Municipio ) Cruz de Machacamarca in the province of Litoral . The village is located at an altitude of 3938 m on the northwest slope of the 4702 m high Pacha Kkollu Quimsa Misa , a Quaternary stratovolcano , which protrudes from the wide plain of the Bolivian Altiplano together with the 4792 m high Inca Camacho in the northwest of the salt lake Salar de Coipasa .
geography
The climate is semi-arid and has a short rainy season in summer, the annual rainfall is low 200 mm (see Huachacalla climate diagram). The annual average temperature is 5.5 ° C without significant fluctuations in the course of the year, but with strong daily fluctuations in temperature and frequent changes in frost .
The vegetation in the region corresponds to the semi-arid puna . It is treeless and mainly consists of thorn bushes , grasses , succulents and cushion plants . It is used economically as a llama , alpaca and sheep pasture .
Transport network
Cruz de Machacamarca is located at a distance of 170 kilometers by road southwest of Oruro , the capital of the department.
From Oruro the dirt road Ruta 12 leads via Toledo and Ancaravi to Huachacalla and on via Pisiga on the Chilean border to Colchane in Chile . On the northwestern edge of Huachacalla a dirt road branches off to the northwest, which reaches Cruz de Machacamarca after nine kilometers via the village of Huayllas .
population
The population of Cruz de Machacamarca has almost tripled in the last two decades:
| year | Residents | source |
|---|---|---|
| 1992 | 92 | census |
| 2001 | 214 | census |
| 2012 | 278 | census |
Due to the historical population development, the region has a high proportion of Aymara population, in the municipality of Cruz de Machacamarca 72.3 percent of the population speak the Aymara language .
Individual evidence
- ↑ INE - Instituto Nacional de Estadística Bolivia 1992 ( Memento of the original from April 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ INE - Instituto Nacional de Estadística Bolivia 2001 ( Memento of the original dated February 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ INE - Instituto Nacional de Estadística Bolivia 2012 ( Memento of the original from July 22, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ INE social data ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 5.9 MB)
Web links
- Relief map of the Nevado Sajama region 1: 250,000 (PDF; 11.0 MB)
- Municipio Cruz de Machacamarca - General Maps No. 40503
- Municipio Cruz de Machacamarca - detailed map and population data (PDF; 280 kB) ( Spanish )
- Departamento Oruro - Social data of the municipalities (PDF 5.86 MB) ( Spanish )