Poplar silk

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Poplar silk
Poplar silk fruits (Cuscuta lupuliformis)

Fruits of the poplar silk ( Cuscuta lupuliformis )

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Nightshade (Solanales)
Family : Bindweed family (Convolvulaceae)
Genre : Silk ( cuscuta )
Type : Poplar silk
Scientific name
Cuscuta lupuliformis
Croquet.

The poplar silk ( Cuscuta lupuliformis ) is a species of the silk genus ( Cuscuta ) within the family of the convolvulaceae. This parasite is widespread in Eurasia .

description

inflorescence

The poplar silk differs in many characteristics from other species in the genus silk .

The poplar silk is an annual herbaceous plant . With a diameter of 1 to 3 millimeters, the 1 to 2 meter long stem is somewhat thicker than that of the other Central European species, making it a relatively large devil's twine. The stems are greenish and often have red, wart-like protruding points.

The flowers are in rather loose clusters or in short spikes or clusters, sometimes also individually, and not in multi-flowered clusters as in the other species. Instead of several styluses, there is only one stylus with a two-lobed stigma in the flowers of the poplar silk. The corolla is always four-fold and whitish to reddish.

The fruit here is not as small as in other species, but one with a diameter of 5 to 6 millimeters, a berry-like capsule fruit almost the size of a pea .

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 28.

ecology

The poplar silk is a therophyte .

As with all species of the genus, it is a full parasite that has neither chlorophyll nor roots , but winds up other plants and penetrates them with haustoria . Poplar silk is particularly parasitic on Salix species, on Sambucus nigra , Rubus caesius , Calystegia sepium and other species.

Occurrence

Poplar silk is widespread from Europe to Mongolia and Pakistan . However, in the 20th century it spread westward to Holland . In Germany you can find them on the Oder , Havel , Spree , Saale , Elbe , Rhine , Main and Moselle . It is rare in southern Germany, but it is also only found in other areas.

The poplar silk is a character species of the Cuscuto lupuliformis-Rubetum caesii from the Senecion fluviatilis association.

Systematics

The first publication of Cuscuta lupuliformis took place in 1787 by Anton Johann Krocker . Synonyms for Cuscuta lupuliformis croquet. are: Cuscuta epithymum Siev. ex Ledeb. nom. inval., Cuscuta flava Siev. ex Ledeb. , Cuscuta macrocarpa G. Don ex Loudon , Cuscuta monogyna Engelm. nom. inval.

One can differentiate between the following varieties:

  • Cuscuta lupuliformis var. Asiatica Engelm. : It occurs from European southern Russia to Pakistan.
  • Cuscuta lupuliformis croquet. var. lupuliformis

Sources and further information

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Rudolf Schubert , Klaus Werner, Hermann Meusel (eds.): Excursion flora for the areas of the GDR and the FRG . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 13./14. Edition. tape 2 : vascular plants . People and knowledge, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-06-012539-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Cuscuta lupuliformis croquet., Poplar silk. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  774 .
  3. ↑ a b c d Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Cuscuta lupuliformis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved February 4, 2016.

Web links

Commons : Poplar Silk ( Cuscuta lupuliformis )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files