Düsseldorfer Röhren- und Eisenwalzwerke AG
The Düsseldorfer Röhren- und Eisenwalzwerke AG , formerly Poensgen , was an amalgamation of several rolling mills that was founded in Düsseldorf in 1872 for reasons of industry concentration .
Forerunner company
After intensive studies in Great Britain , Albert Poensgen had built a factory for iron pipes for natural gas pipelines in Mauel near Gemünd in the Eifel in 1845 and was thus considered the first pipe manufacturer in continental Europe. After he failed to gain access to the Rhenish industrial centers and river ports by building a convenient railway line, he decided to relocate his production to Düsseldorf. There, in the district of Oberbilk, his first tube rolling mill was built in 1860 using the English method of butt pressure welding, which was followed ten years later in Oberbilk and Lierenfeld by other puddling and universal rolling mills . One of his main customers was Ernst Schiess , who in 1866, with significant support from Albert Poensgen, also founded the production of machine tools, pumps and controllers in Oberbilk. Three years later Ernst Schiess had a factory built, to which an iron foundry was added after another three years , creating the basis for one of the world's most important companies of its kind.
Two cousins of Albert Poensgen, the brothers Gustav Poensgen and Rudolf Poensgen , also relocated the iron and steel works that their father Reinhard Poensgen had inherited from Gemünd to Oberbilk around 1860 for the same reasons. This is how the Mariahütte and another rolling mill were built there, with which they preferably supplied their cousin Albert Poensgen.
Another cousin, Carl Poensgen , who together with Friedrich Giesbers had founded his own steelworks in Oberbilk in 1864, which worked under the company C. Poensgen, Giesbers & Co. according to the new English Bessemer process and with English pig iron and later in 1877 was affiliated with Oberbilker Stahlwerke AG , Giesbers left his company in 1871 and became a new partner in the tube rolling mill of his cousin Albert Poensgen.
Mergers
In 1872 Albert and Carl as well as Gustav and Rudolf Poensgen decided to form their various plants into a new large company, the Düsseldorfer Röhren- und Eisenwalzwerke AG. Poensgen (DREW), based at the Bergisch-Märkisches Bahnhof on Kölner Landstrasse, is to be merged. The company Henry Smith & Co. in Oberhausen was also included in the re-establishment. Alfred Haniel, Friedrich Kesten and Henry Smith also participated in the notarial certification on November 2, 1872 before the Cologne notary Toussaint Cardauns, the father of the publicist Hermann Cardauns . The first supervisory board included Alphons Dieterich Haniel , Lorenz Fischer and also Friedrich Kesten as well as the bank directors Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm Koenigs and Adolf Rautenstrauch.
The stock corporation thus consisted of the following plants: a wire mill (formerly Reinhard Poensgen) including puddle mill in Oberbilk, a pipe mill (pipe mill I, formerly Albert Poensgen) with puddle and rolling mill also in Oberbilk, a sheet rolling and puddling mill (formerly Albert Poensgen) in Lierenfeld and another tube factory (formerly Henry Smith & Co.) in Oberhausen.
After the previous Poensgen works right as bedeutendster manufacturer of wrought iron, longitudinally welded were pipes on the European continent, the newly formed company received from the company Gebr. Mannesmann on 27 May 1886 the additional license for cross-rolling process as well as any additional patents for round, square edged and oval tubes made of soft material for the area of northern Germany, which at that time meant the areas north of the Main line. The Oberhausen plant was shut down in 1880 and production was relocated to Düsseldorf-Lierenfeld in order to save freight and administration costs. In addition to the sheet metal rolling mill, Lierenfeld received the pipe mill II with initially a boiler tube furnace, two gas tube furnaces and a round furnace. In 1896 the construction of a rolling mill for seamless tubes , the tube mill III, was started. In order to be able to meet the increasing demand for crude steel and to switch from the previously used puddle steel to the new, cheaper mild steel , a Siemens-Martin steelworks also followed in Lierenfeld in 1897 .
Carl Rudolf Poensgen , a son of Rudolf Poensgen, was appointed co-owner of this large company on the death of his father in 1895 and a member of the management board until the first merger in 1910. Ernst Poensgen , a son of Carl Poensgen, joined DREW in 1896 as a production engineer, then became an authorized signatory and finally in 1901 operations director and from 1905 a member of the board of the company, whose facilities he was able to improve fundamentally after several study visits to the United States . This new agglomeration effect paid off: the growing pipe industry ensured increasing domestic jobs as well as the preference for downstream industry. In addition to the close business relationships with the Walloon entrepreneur family Piedbœuf operating in Düsseldorf in general, particularly Jean Louis Piedbœuf as well as the fittings manufacturer Gebr. Paul Inden AG and other companies, benefited from the industrial boom of DREW.
Subsequent mergers
After a joint venture with Mannesmannröhren-Werke AG broke up , the Düsseldorfer Röhren- und Eisenwalzwerke AG was finally affiliated to Phoenix AG for mining and smelting , a vertically integrated German mining group, in 1910 at the instigation of the owners, in particular Ernst Poensgen with headquarters in Hörde or from 1921 in Düsseldorf. Carl Rudolf Poensgen was then appointed to the supervisory board and Ernst Poensgen to the management board a year later, and from 1917 to the technical director of the Phoenix Group. In a crisis-ridden situation in the Weimar Republic characterized by falling prices and overcapacity, the Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG (VSt) was established in 1926 at the instigation of Ernst Poensgen, which included the Phoenix Group with a 26% share. When the company was founded, the pipe works brought in by Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks-AG (GBAG), Rheinische Stahlwerke AG , Phoenix AG and August Thyssen-Hütte were concentrated in the Düsseldorf and Mülheim works groups.
As part of a reorganization of the VSt, these groups of works were merged with a resolution of December 6, 1933 as of 1934 as the "Betriebsgesellschaft Deutsche Röhrenwerke", whereby the Düsseldorfer Röhren- und Eisenwalzwerke AG , formerly Poensgen, together with the Fittingswerke Gebr. Inden AG in Lierenfeld, Rheinstahlgruppe Balcke, Tellering & Co. AG with the plants in Benrath, Hilden (formerly Hildener union) and Immigrath (formerly Ernst Tellering & Co.), also the Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks AG group with the factories in Düsseldorf-Eller (formerly JP Piedboeuf & Co.) and in Flingern (formerly Düsseldorfer Röhrenindustrie AG) formed the Düsseldorfer Röhrengruppe . This in turn was finally taken over in 1948 by the newly founded Rheinische Röhrenwerke AG , which itself merged with the Hüttenwerk Phoenix AG in 1955 and since then has been known as Phoenix-Rheinrohr AG Vereinigte Hütten- und Röhrenwerke .
In the exhibition The Interplay of Business and Art in the 19th Century in the City Museum of the State Capital Düsseldorf , the Düsseldorf Röhren- und Eisenwalzwerk AG was presented as a representative of this era.
literature
- Horst A. Wessel : The entrepreneurs of the Poensgen family in the Eifel and in Düsseldorf. In: moving, connecting, shaping. Entrepreneurs from the 17th to the 20th century. (= Writings on Rhenish-Westphalian Economic History , Volume 44.) Cologne 2003.
- Lutz Hatzfeld: The establishment of the German tube industry by the company Poensgen and Schöller , Mauel 1844-1850. Wiesbaden 1962.
- United Steelworks AG. Düsseldorf 1928. Development, factories, mines and raw materials companies, group companies, statistics, finances. (= Das Spezial-Archiv, Das Industrie- und Börsen-Werk , special steel edition.) 1928. (printed as a manuscript)
- An overview of the Vereinigte Stahlwerke Aktiengesellschaft, Düsseldorf, and its operating companies. Düsseldorf 1937.
Web links
- Phoenix archives in the Mannesmann Archive , at www.archive.nrw.de , accessed on March 4, 2016
- Chronicle 1860 to 2011. Eifelverein Düsseldorf, accessed on January 22, 2016 .
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Phoenix Actien-Gesellschaft für Bergbau und Metallbetrieb 1852-1912. Memorandum for the 60th anniversary of the company. Hoerde 1912.
- ↑ Notarization reference, penultimate section ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ see description of lot number 95 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 3.3 MB)
- ↑ Alfred Reckendrees: The Steel Trust project ff, page 73rd
- ^ Structure of the Deutsche Röhrenwerke
- ↑ Notwithstanding this, the takeover of Lindener Eisen- & Stahlwerke AG "by the Phoenix-Rheinrohr Group" is shown as early as 1952. Source : Waldemar R. Röhrbein : Lindener Eisen- u. Steel mills. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 409.
- ^ Exhibition "Exceedings" in Düsseldorf
