David Origanus

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David Origanus

David Origanus (actually David Tost , born July 9, 1558 in Glatz , Kingdom of Bohemia , † July 11, 1628 in Frankfurt (Oder) ) was a German mathematician , Graecist and astronomer .

Life

His parents were the tailor Johannes Tost and his wife Anna, a daughter of the master builder Ernst Löckner and Dorothea Siber. David first attended school in Glatz and then schools in Triebel and Königgrätz . In 1574 he was a year student of Wroclaw Mary Magdalene school and then three years of the Breslauer Elizabeth High School at Peter Vincent .

From 1578 he studied philosophy at the University of Frankfurt (Oder) and on April 20, 1581 acquired the academic degree of a Magister artium . He then studied at the universities of Wittenberg and Leipzig . In 1581 he returned to Frankfurt, where in 1582 he got a job as an inspector at the Frankfurt University. In 1586 he was appointed associate professor of mathematics and Greek studies, and on January 3, 1588, he was appointed full professor of mathematics and astronomy.

As an astrologer, he mainly dealt with the creation of calendars. In 1620 he published scientific supplements to the great chronological work of Sethus Calvisius . He was best known for his work "Ephemerides", which required the greatest work. He also took part in organizational university tasks. He was dean of the philosophical faculty nine times , vice-rector in the summer semesters 1591 and 1603, and rector of the Frankfurt alma mater in the summer semester of 1611 and in the winter semester of 1621 . He died at the age of 70 and his body was buried in Frankfurt.

Act

His "Ephemerides novae Brandenburgicae", which extend over the period from 1595 to 1630, involved him in disputes over priority with Giovanni Antonio Magini and Georg Rollenhagen , but also prove that he represented an independent scientific opinion. In this main work Origanus recognized the theory advocated by Tycho Brahe ; His letters to Johannes Kepler also show that the manifold mistakes of the Prutenic Tables had induced him to construct new planetary tables according to the principles of Nicolaus Copernicus and Tychus and thus enable a comparison of both theories.

Although Tycho had denied the daily movement of the earth, Origanus allowed it and, with regard to the axis rotation, complied with the views of Copernicus. Origanus presented this point of view, which the Dane Christian Sørensen Longomontanus also took, in the preface to his "Ephemeris".

family

Origanus was married twice. His first marriage was on November 25, 1583 with Catharina (born May 10, 1608), daughter of the Graecist Matthäus Host and his wife Clara Harckenstroh ( Harkenstroin ); this in turn was the daughter of a Berlin mayor. After her death, he married Catharina, a daughter of the Küstriner jurist Hieronymus Winse, on April 7, 1611. This marriage remained childless. The children are from his first marriage:

  • Johannes Origanus († young; born January 24, 1595 in Frankfurt)
  • Catharina Origanus
1. Marriage to Johann Crugerus Dr. theol., pastor at St. Jacobi in Stettin
2. Marriage to Valentin Arithmaeus, lawyer and poet and Professor Frankfurt (Oder)
3. Marriage to Sebastian Roberus Jurist, Prof. subst. in Frankfurt

Works

  • Explicatio Astronomica Et Astrologica Magnae Eclipsis, quae secundum naturam, Anno hoc 1598 currente, the February 25th Hora 10 ante meridiem apparebit: Cui praemissa est Brevis Descriptio Tenebrarum, quae lupra naturam, divina virtute, factae sunt tempore Passionis Christi, earum [ue] ad Eclipses Solares collatio ... ; 1598
  • Ephemerides Novae Annorum XXXVI, Incipientes Ab Anno ... 1595, Quo Joannis Stadii maxime aberrare incipiunt, & desinentes in annum 1630: Quibus praemissa est Introductio Seu Compendiaria Ephemeridum Enarratio ... / [2]: Continentes motuum, accidentium mot concomitantium, item Eclipsium omnium supra & infra terram, accuratam descriptionem ; Francofurti ad Viadrum: Eichornius, 1599
  • Annorum Posteriorum Triginta from anno 1625 to 1654 Ephemerides Brandenburgicae : Francofurtum, 1609
  • Novae motuum coelestium Ephemerides Brandenburgicae Annorum sexaginta from anno 1595 to 1655 ; Francofurtum, 1609
  • Jehovae docentium doctoris altissimi sacris auspiciis rector Academiae Francofurtanae M. David Origanus ... ad solemnia theologica quibus ... Christophorus Pelargus ... Zachariae Hermanno ... summum in theologia gradum conferret 3rd Cal. Jun. An. 1611 coetum literarium amice invitat ; 1611
  • Brief description of the Comet in 1618 ; 1619
  • Prognosticum Astrologicum, or Teutsche un detailed Practica, on the two 1629 and 1630 years expected from God: ... Provided and described by David Origanus ; Printed in the Gräflichen Markt Embs by Bartholome Schnell, 1629
  • Annorum quinqe sequentium ephemerides ; London, Haviland, 1633
  • Annorum quinque sequentium ephemerides. A Davide Origano Mathematico præstantissimo, primùm ca [l] culatæ, & accomodatæ, ad Latitud. 52nd Gr. 20 min. Et nunc in hac portatili forma accuratiores, & emendatiores in lucem æditae. Diligentia & curâ Ioannis Evans, Philom. Londini: In officina Ioannis Haviland, 1633
  • An ephemerides for five years to come. Calculated by the most learned and excellent mathematician, M. David Origanus; for the latitude of 52nd degr. 20 min. Revised, corrected, and reduced to this form, by John Evans, Master of Arts . London: Printed by Iohn Haviland, 1633

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ after funeral sermon in 1629, after Jöcher, Zedler, ADB etc.
  2. ↑ Graecist
  3. ↑ David Tost from Glacius - Glatz in the Bohemian Mountains
  4. ^ Ernst Friedländer: Older university martials. University of Frankfurt a. O. 1. Vol. Hirzel, Leipzig 1887.
personal data
SURNAME Origanus, David
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tost, David (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German mathematician, philologist and astronomer
DATE OF BIRTH July 9, 1558
PLACE OF BIRTH Glatz , Kingdom of Bohemia
DATE OF DEATH July 11, 1628
Place of death Frankfurt (Oder)