Elisabet High School (Wroclaw)

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St. Elisabeth High School in Breslau (1915)

The Elisabet-Gymnasium (also Elisabeth-Gymnasium or Elisabethan ) in Breslau was one of the most traditional German-speaking high schools until the end of the school in 1945 . It developed from a trivial school for boys founded in 1293 .

history

At the request of the Wroclaw citizenship, the Wroclaw Bishop John III. with a letter of foundation dated August 12, 1293, permission to build a trivial school for boys at the St. Elisabeth Church . As with the Maria-Magdalenen-Gymnasium , which was founded in 1267, elementary instruction should also be given at the Elisabeth School. The church patronage over the Elisabethkirche had the Breslau Duke Heinrich III. Already in 1253 transferred to the Breslauer Kreuzherrenstift von St. Matthias, to which the pastor of St. Elisabeth belonged. The first verifiable rector of the Elisabeth School was a Meyster Niclos until 1348 . The spelling of the trivial school, which was soon also called the parish school , changed several times in the course of history. It was named after Elizabeth , the mother of John the Baptist .

Over the centuries the Elisabeth School developed into a well-known educational institution. In 1497 it received the status of a Latin school . Your first known headmaster was the humanist Laurentius Corvinus .

The Elizabeth School flourished with the introduction of the Reformation . As a result, the church patronage over the now Protestant Elizabeth Church and thus also the patronage over the Elizabeth School passed to the city's magistrate. The first Protestant rector was Andreas Winkler from 1525 . The first Protestant pastor of St. Elisabeth was the reformer Ambrosius Moibanus , who also supervised the Elisabeth School. During the tenure of Rector Andreas Winkler, to whom the city council had given permission to set up a printing press in 1538, the school developed into a grammar school. In 1562 it was rebuilt on the previous site north of St. Elisabeth's Church. From this point onwards, the Elisabeth School was referred to as the "Gymnasium zu St. Elisabet".

Relief with the portrait of Socrates on the school building (2009)

With the transition of Silesia to Prussia in 1742, extensive school reforms took place during the rectorate of Johann Kaspar Arletius , which were published on June 11, 1785. 1832–1834, the previous school building at the Elisabethkirche was replaced by a new classical building on the same property based on a design by Carl Heinrich Studt . Although this was expanded at the rear in 1872 by buying the neighboring property and topped up in 1883, it gradually turned out to be too small. In 1903 the Elisabeth-Gymnasium received a new school building at Arletiusstraße 1–3 near the Teichäcker Park and the St. Salvator Church . The buildings were designed by the municipal building officer Karl Klimm under the direction of the town building officer Richard Plüddemann .

During the time of the Nazi regime , it was renamed "Elisabet High School for Boys". The spelling without "h" was left. After the outbreak of the Russian campaign in August 1941, the building served as a reserve hospital . The school was then alternately in the morning and afternoon in the rooms of the König-Wilhelm-Gymnasium. After air raids were expected, grades 1 to 5 were evacuated to Glatz with their teachers on May 4, 1944 and taught in different schools. A school camp of the Elisabeth School was located in Strickerhäuser ( today Mýtiny ) in the Giant Mountains . With the end of the war and the expulsion of the Germans, the existence of the Elisabet-Gymnasium ceased.

The former school buildings still in existence on Arletiusstrasse, renamed ul. Jana Władysława Dawida in 1945 , are currently used by the Psychological Institute of the University of Wroclaw .

View of the current building with the Instytut Psychologii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, psychological institute

Head of the parish school (not complete)

  • ? –1333 Magister Peter
  • 1333–1368 Heinrich / Heinz Banke († 1372)
  • 1369–? Johannes Crodin
  • 1408 Johannes Blecker
  • 1414 Johannes Kahlo ( Kahle )
  • 1434 Nicholas Driver
  • 1446 Nikolaus Beringer
  • 1457 Simon Reynke de Sommerfeld († 1473)
  • 1460 Jakobus Laubros ( Laubris )
  • 1485–1497 Michael Heppener ( Happener )
  • 1497–1502 Laurentius Corvinus
  • 1502–1506 Johannes Troger ( Tröger )
  • 1506–? Magister Petrus Lobegot, from Basel
  • 1521–1525 Johannes Troger ( Tröger ) d. J.
  • 1525–1562 Andreas Winkler

Rectors of the grammar school

  • 1562–1569 Andreas Winkler
  • 1569–1578 Petrus Vincentius
  • 1578–1610 Nikolaus Steinberg ( Steinbergius ) (1543–1610)
  • 1610–1616 Petrus Kirstenius
  • 1616–1621 Thomas Sagittarius
  • 1631–1669 Elias Major (1587–1669)
  • 1669–1687 Elias Thomae
  • 1688–1709 Martin Hanke
  • 1709–1733 Gottlob Krantz (1660–1733)
  • 1733–1751 Christian Stieff
  • 1751–1757 Gottlieb Keller
  • 1757–1761 Christian Gottlob Habicht
  • 1761–1784 Johann Kaspar Arletius , 1755–1761 was rector of the Maria Magdalena grammar school
  • 1784–1788 Philipp Julius Lieberkühn
  • 1788–1809 Johann Gottfried Scheibel
  • 1809–1813 Johann Gottlieb Schummel
  • 1814–1825 Karl Friedrich Etzler, resigned from his position after funds for a new building were not approved.
  • 1825–1844 SG Reiche, mathematician
  • 1845–1880 Karl Rudolf Fickert (1807–1888), royal professor
  • 1881–1907 Johannes Paech (1839–1907)
  • 1907–1922 Franz Wiedemann
  • 1922–1938 Friedrich Lillge (from 1933 "on leave")
  • 1939–1944 Eduard Fuchs
  • 1944–1945 Alfred Franke

Well-known students of the Elisabet-Gymnasium

literature

  • Association of former Elisabetaner Breslau: Elisabetgymnasium Breslau 1293–1993. ... on the way through the centuries. Commemorative publication for the founding anniversary . Sindelfingen 1993.
  • Gerhard Scheuermann: The Breslau Lexicon . Laumann-Verlag Dülmen, 1994, ISBN 3-87466-157-1 , pp. 264-266.
  • Kazimierz Bobowski: The origin and development of various Silesian schools in the Middle Ages. In: Würzburger medical history reports 23, 2004, pp. 471–485.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ State Archives Wroclaw: Files of the City of Wroclaw: Book Department 134. 8, Sheet 94.
  2. ^ Ralf Bröer: Salomon Reisel (1625-1701). Baroque natural research by a personal physician under the spell of mechanical philosophy , Christoph J. Scriba (Ed.): Acta Historica Leopoldina , no. 23., Halle 1996, pp. 11–13.
  3. Kazimierz Bobowski (2004), p. 480.
  4. Basel taken from Lemma Andreas Winkler .
  5. ^ Karl August Werner (ed.): Silesian countrymen . Paul Schimmelwitz, Leipzig 1901, p. 272 .

Coordinates: 51 ° 5 '40.7 "  N , 17 ° 2' 14.1"  E