Salomon Reisel

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Salomon Reisel (born October 24, 1625 in Warmbrunn , Duchy of Schweidnitz , † November 22, 1701 in Stuttgart ) was a German physician and worked as a city doctor, court doctor and personal doctor in a number of territories of the German Empire .

Life

Salomon Reisel was born in Warmbrunn, a seaside resort to which his parents had fled from the neighboring Hirschberg because Hirschberg was plagued by epidemics due to inadequate hygienic conditions. Salomon Reisel was baptized by a Protestant pastor. Salomon Opitz, a relative of the renowned Silesian poet and language theorist Martin Opitz (1597–1639) , acted as baptismal witness . Salomon Reisel attended the Elisabet-Gymnasium in Breslau from the age of twelve . He was admitted to the house of the Breslau doctor Matruel Balthasar Croner, a cousin on his mother's side. This is how he came into contact with medicine. At the Elisabet Gymnasium, the gymnasium with the first school regulations in Breslau, Reisel also got to know the work of Andreas Gryphius (1616–1664).

Reisel later studied in the years 1645-1652 medicine at the universities in Basel and Strasbourg . The ruling family of the Counts of Hanau , who ruled in the neighboring county of Hanau-Lichtenberg in Alsace , took him as their personal physician , initially Count Johann Reinhard II of Hanau-Lichtenberg in Buchsweiler . When he died in 1666, Reisel wrote a funeral pamphlet . After 1666 Reisel moved to his older brother, the ruling Count Friedrich Casimir , who from 1642 lived mainly in Hanau , the capital of the county of Hanau-Münzenberg , which he also ruled . Since 1668 Reisel has been recorded as the personal physician of this count in Hanau. In 1674 Reisel resigned from the Hanau service. The reason may have been the fierce dispute between the ruling Count, his family and relevant parties at court from 1670 onwards over the Count's politics and financial conduct.

Worms and Stuttgart

Reisel was now the city doctor in Worms . In 1679 he changed again and became the personal physician of Duke Eberhard Ludwig von Württemberg . He moved to Stuttgart , where he worked with well-known doctors such as Johann Jakob Wepfer (1620–1659) and Johann Georg Gmelin (1609–1709). Together with Wepfer, he treated a patient with urinary retention in the autumn of 1679, and in March 1680 they both examined a mentally suffering patient who only spoke between twelve and a year in the afternoons, but was otherwise silent. Presumably, Wepfer and Reisel also carried out joint autopsies. During his time in Stuttgart, Reisel corresponded with the Heilbronn city doctor and Leopoldina member Johann Matthäus Faber (1602–1702), with the Eisenach city doctor Christian Franz Paullini (1643–1712), the Tübingen theologian Gottfried Adam Meurer, and the professors Johann Valentin Scheid in Strasbourg (1651–1731), Johann Caspar Bauhin (1606–1685) in Basel and Athanasius Kircher (1601–1680) in Rome. Reisel died in Stuttgart.

Scientific achievement

Reisel was scientifically an important physician of the time. He published numerous articles, mostly on medical topics, but also on zoology , botany and physics . 103 articles alone appeared in the journal Miscellanea Curiosa medico-physica Academia Naturae Curiosorum sive Epheremidum medico-physicarum Germanicarum curiosarum , which was published by the Academia Naturae Curiosorum, founded in Schweinfurt in 1652 (today: German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina ). On May 24, 1674 Reisel with the surname Amphion was elected a member ( matriculation number 52 ) of the academy. The occasion was a model he created of the human body, in which the blood and fluid circulation could be modeled and imitated by fluids, the statua humana circulatoria . Reisel, an early adherent William Harvey , developed this model from the principle of the siphon ( lift ). This model also impressed the Italian anatomist and discoverer of the pulmonary capillaries Marcello Malpighi (1682–1694). He was positive about Reisel's understanding of mechanical processes.

Via the "Leopoldina", Reisel was also able to establish contact with the English "Royal Society" in London. Wilhelm Schröder, a member of the “Royal Society”, visited Hanau in September 1672 and gave Reisel a letter from Henry Oldenburg , one of the two editors of the periodicals of the “Royal Society”, to be forwarded to the editors of the Ephemeris in Breslau, Heinrich Vollgnad and Johannes Janish . Reisel himself also corresponded with full grace and Jänisch.

Correspondence

Most of Salomon Reisel's correspondence is in the Christoph Jacob Trew collection of letters in the Erlangen University Library.

Works

  • Swan singing by the time of the high-born counts and gentlemen / gentlemen Johann Reinharden, Counts of Hanau / Rhineck and Zweybrücken / gentlemen of Munzenberg / Lichtenberg and Ochsenhausen / etc. high soul Andenckens of his gracious counts and lords in submissive honors sung by Salomon Reisel of the Arzney Doct. Hochgräfl. Hanauian physician to Buchsweiler . Strasbourg 1666. [Funeral inscription on the occasion of the death of Count Johann Reinhard II von Hanau-Lichtenberg ]

literature

  • Gerhard Bott: Count Friedrich Casimir von Hanau (1623-1685). The "King of the land of milk and honey" and his art treasures . Hanau 2015. ISBN 978-386314-215-5 , p. 64.
  • Rolf Bröer: Salomon Reisel (1625-1701). Baroque natural research by a personal physician under the spell of mechanistic philosophy , Christoph J. Scriba (Ed.): Acta Historica Leopoldina , no.23, Halle 1996.
  • Christian Gottlieb Jöcher: Salomon Reisel . In: General Scholar Lexicon. Part 3. Leipzig 1751, Sp. 1998.
  • NN: Great complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts, which have been invented by human understanding and wit. 31st volume. Leipzig / Halle 1742, column 365.
  • Michael Paap: Between superstition and science. Mention of Hanau in a popular science magazine of the 17th century . In: New Magazine for Hanau History 2011, pp. 8–42 (27–30).
  • Johann Daniel Ferdinand Neigebaur : History of the imperial Leopoldino-Carolinische German academy of natural scientists during the second century of its existence. Friedrich Frommann, Jena 1860, p. 191 .
  • Willi Ule : History of the Imperial Leopoldine-Carolinian German Academy of Natural Scientists during the years 1852–1887 . With a look back at the earlier times of its existence. In commission at Wilh. Engelmann in Leipzig, Halle 1889, supplements and additions to Neigebaur's history, p. 148 ( archive.org ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ NFJ Eloy: Dictionnaire Historique de la Médecine ancienne et moderne, Q-Z , Ville de Mons 1778, p. 48. Digitized
  2. ↑ a b c d e Ralf Bröer 1996, pp. 7, 9–13, 37, 48, 50, 51, 70.
  3. ↑ See section “Works”: Schwanen-Gesang… .
  4. ↑ Paape, p. 28.
  5. ↑ Paape, p. 30.
  6. ↑ Ralf Bröer: Salomon Reisel , In: Wolfgang U. Eckart and Christoph Gradmann (eds.): Ärztelexikon. From antiquity to the present , 1st edition 1995 CH Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung München pp. 299 + 300, 2nd edition 2001 pp. 261 + 262, 3rd edition 2006 Springer Verlag Heidelberg, Berlin, New York p. 273 Medical Dictionary 2006 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-540-29585-3 .
personal data
SURNAME Reisel, Solomon
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German medic
DATE OF BIRTH October 24, 1625
PLACE OF BIRTH Warmbrunn , Duchy of Schweidnitz
DATE OF DEATH November 22, 1701
Place of death Stuttgart