Detleff Neumann-Neurode
Friedrich Wilhelm Detleff Ehrgott Neumann-Neurode (born July 12, 1879 on his parents' property in Groß Woitsdorf in the Silesian district of Groß Wartenberg ; † June 27, 1945 in Aumühle near Hamburg ) was an autodidactic physiotherapist and was the first to use therapeutic gymnastics for small children and infants .
Life
Detleff Neumann-Neurode was born as the son of the manor owner and state elder Karl Neumann-Neurode and his wife Margarethe born. Lübbert was born on his parents' estate in Groß Woitsdorf. He entered the military and rose to the rank of lieutenant in the grenadier regiment "King Friedrich Wilhelm II." (1st Silesian) No. 10 on. On September 30, 1902, in Schweidnitz , he married Margarete Frieda Henriette Rampoldt, who was born in Kreuzburg and was the daughter of the royal court president Julius Rampoldt and his wife Helene nee. Nölldechen. His older brother was the later lieutenant general of the Wehrmacht Karl-Ulrich Neumann-Neurode (1876-1958).
During a command at the military gymnasium in Berlin, Detleff Neumann-Neurode observed in himself and his students an extraordinarily beneficial change in the body through regular physical exercise. This experience led him to conclude that active movement treatment in early childhood, at the time of strongest growth, must be able to influence undesirable developments. In 1921 Neumann-Neurode was named Major d. R. dismissed from the army and now devoted himself entirely to the fight against crippling.
Development of the method
At the Berlin Orthopedic University Clinic, Neumann-Neurode got to know the treatment of curvatures of the spine, which at that time only passive measures were used. Valuable time was thus lost, in which, in babies in particular, an incipient scoliosis or rachitic seat hump could be eliminated in a few months through active treatment of the muscles.
Neumann-Neurode took up anatomical and physiological studies autodidactically and did gymnastics with his own children. His first book, Children's Sports , came out in 1909, the second edition appeared in 1911 with a foreword by Otto Heubner , Director of the Royal University Children's Clinic, and by Rudolf Klapp , Professor of Surgery at the University of Berlin.
In collaboration with interested doctors, surgeons, and orthopedic surgeons, it was recognized that infant gymnastics was an effective way to support normal development. At the request of August Bier , the first director of the University for Physical Education in Berlin, this method has now been tested and introduced in the Reich Institute for Combating Infant Mortality under Leopold Langstein . In 1922 Neumann-Neurode opened the institute for physical exercises in early childhood and began to teach his method.
In the Kaiserin-Auguste-Viktoria-Haus of the Charité , the Rachitikerheim of the city of Berlin, in welfare and nursing homes, infants and small children were now worked with the Neumann-Neurode method.
In 1938 Neumann-Neurode got to know Franz Schede , the director of the Leipzig Orthopedic University Clinic and chief physician of the cripple home “Humanitas”, who set up a Neumann-Neurode ward, on which early colioses and rachitic malformations were treated and normalized with great success.
Just as paediatrics gradually developed from general internal medicine as a specialty, so too has the specialty of infant and toddler gymnastics gained recognition in general physiotherapy . After completing the two-year basic training at the state-recognized physiotherapy schools, additional six-month special training in infant and toddler gymnastics according to the Neumann-Neurode method was required.
Carl Mau , Director of the Orthopedic University Clinic in Hamburg-Eppendorf , remarked that orthopedics should spread the concept of infant and toddler gymnastics with the name Neumann-Neurode as much as possible and introduce it as a preventive measure in preventive medicine.
These considerations were decisive for the state recognition of the Neumann-Neurode School in Berlin in 1926. At that time Neumann-Neurode published books that mainly consisted of illustrated instructions for the exercises. The film company UFA also made a film in which Neumann-Neurode's three granddaughters played a role at an early age. The daughter Ruth Neumann-Neurode (1903–1973) had a radio show every Friday on the Deutschlandsender Berlin gymnastics in kindergarten in 1935 and worked with her father. Ruth also treated Rudolf Hess' son in Munich around 1938 .
When it was bombed out during the World War, the school was forced to move several times, from Berlin to Leipzig and in 1945 to Aumühle near Hamburg.
Continuation by Ruth Neumann-Neurode and Margrit von Kleist
After Detleff Neumann-Neurode's death, Ruth B. Neumann-Neurode moved the school to Pähl near Weilheim, where her daughter Margrit von Kleist , née. Burckhardt (* 1924), was employed as a teacher and later worked in a children's hospital of the IRO ( International Refugee Organization ) in Dorfen for Jewish displaced persons until it was closed in 1950. Margrit emigrated to Chile in 1951, where she first made the method known, and to Canada in 1959. Ruth moved again to Hessisch Lichtenau in 1959 and continued the school in the orthopedic clinic.
In Ontario , Canada , Margrit von Kleist successfully developed the All Children's Progressive Gym program based on the Neumann-Neurode method. She took physically and mildly mentally handicapped children into her regular classes, which was unknown at the time. At first she struggled to convince people of the benefits of this new approach. In 1986 her daughter Christiane von Kleist took over the school. For reasons of age and a lack of interested parties to continue the program in the same way, the school was closed in 2008.
Today the work of Detleff Neumann-Neurode is known worldwide. There are sports programs from the youngest age and disabled children are now largely integrated. General physiotherapy has been using infant and children's gymnastics as treatment therapy for decades.
Works
- Detleff Neumann-Neurode: Infant gymnastics. Reher, Berlin 1923.
- Detleff Neumann-Neurode: Baby Gymnastics. Revised by Wendula Kaiser. Pergamon Press, Oxford 1967.
- Ruth Neumann-Neurode: Happy children's gymnastics. Otto Beyer, Leipzig 1934.
literature
- Alfred Brauchle : Infant gymnastics. Major a. D. Neumann-Neurode. In: the same: history of naturopathy in life pictures. 2nd ext. Edition of Great Naturalists . Reclam, Stuttgart 1951, pp. 195-196.
- Reinhard Ganz: Reflection on infant and toddler gymnastics according to Detleff Neumann-Neurode (1879–1945) in German medical literature from the early 20th century to the present. Diss. Berlin 2013 ( online ).
- Margrit von Kleist: One Life, Many Chapters, 2014
- Margrit von Kleist: Exercise Your Baby. FriesenPress, 2016, ISBN 978-1-4602-9178-8 .
Web links
- Literature by and about Detleff Neumann-Neurode in the catalog of the German National Library
- Mrs. Dane lets baby do gymnastics . In: Der Spiegel . No. 2 , 1947 ( online - Jan. 11, 1947 ). (To the Danish Estrid Dane).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Register Office Schweidnitz : marriage register . No. 118/1902.
- ↑ Reinhard Ganz, p. 140
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Neumann-Neurode, Detleff |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Neumann-Neurode, Friedrich Wilhelm Detleff Ehrgott (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German originator of toddler and infant gymnastics |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 12, 1879 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Gross Woitsdorf |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 27, 1945 |
| Place of death | Aumühle |