Dialog philosophy

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Dialog philosophy (also dialogical philosophy or dialogics ) is a philosophical direction that opposes the egology of German idealism with a you philosophy.

Following the philosophical suggestions of Johann Georg Hamann and Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi and the criticism expressed by Ludwig Feuerbach of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel , Hermann Cohen's late work between the world wars initially resulted in a you philosophy that draws on Jewish traditions of thought and recognizes the other as a person , Renouncing instrumentalisation and taking the freedom of others seriously is excellent.

Against the subjective I -Konstitution the transcendental philosophy of German Idealism developed Martin Buber dialogic principle with an emphasis on in the meeting updated interim .

With Friedrich Gogarten and others, dialectical theology, in its rejection of a rational reconciliation between God and man, took up suggestions from the philosophy of dialogue.

For Emmanuel Levinas , subjectivity does not present itself as an isolated self, but the self is incessantly exposed to alienation by the other person: the other remains different, he evades appropriation by the self.

Based on Buber's dialogic principle, Kuno Lorenz develops a dialogic constructivism , in which a distinction is made between an agent performing actions (ICH role) and a patient experiencing actions (DU role).

history

The Socrates of the Platonic dialogues is considered a classic ancient forerunner . In the first half of the 20th century, the dialogue philosophy was largely founded by Martin Buber . Since this philosophy wanted to leave the realm of the purely theoretical behind and put itself in the field of tension between abstract thinking and the act of the moment, the dialogic philosophy produced pedagogical as well as psychotherapeutic, socio-ethical and political impulses, their ramifications and ramifications up to mystical ones Currents of the socialist movement, ethical Zionism , the anti-fascist summer camps of the Löwenberger Arbeitsgemeinschaft and the Kreisau circle around Helmuth James Graf von Moltke range.

In his book Philosophy as Dialogik (1948), Hermann Levin Goldschmidt defined Dialogik as the opposite of dialectic , according to which contradiction is a fundamental and fruitful tension that cannot be resolved by any higher synthesis . Two contradicting viewpoints are therefore to be endured, to be carried out creatively and to be recognized in their equal importance. Goldschmidt further developed this approach in other writings, especially in Freiheit für den Contrary (1976).

After the Second World War, the philosophy of dialogue found its way into discourse theory and existential philosophy , and more recently also occasionally in media studies . Suggestions from the philosophy of dialogue can be found in the philosophy of Hans-Georg Gadamer , Karl-Otto Apel , Jürgen Habermas , Kuno Lorenz , Emmanuel Levinas and Józef Tischner . It was made fruitful for jurisprudence by Rolf Gröschner .

The non-academic influence of the dialogue philosophy is varied, whether in intercultural work and education, in parent-toddler counseling or in partner contact sports.

literature

Primary literature

  • Herman Cohen: The religion of reason from the sources of Judaism 1918 in: Journal "New Jewish Monthly Issues", 2nd year, Issue 15/16
  • Martin Buber: " Me and you. " 1923; 10th edition, Verlag Lambert Schneider , 1979. Paperback: (with an afterword by Bernhard Casper) Reclam, Stuttgart 2008.
  • The dialogic principle. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 1973, ISBN 3-57902565-1 .
  • Ferdinand Ebner : The word and the spiritual realities. Pneumatological fragments. 1921; Herder Verlag, Vienna, 1952; ed. v. Richard Hörmann, Hamburg a. a .: LIT-Verlag, 2009
  • Franz Rosenzweig : The star of redemption. Kauffmann, Frankfurt am Main 1921 ( digitized version ); Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1988; Frankfurt am Main 2002 ( full text , edited by Albert Raffelt, Freiburg University Library).
  • Emmanuel Levinas : The Trail of the Other. Studies on phenomenology and social philosophy . Translated, edited and introduced by Wolfgang Nikolaus Krewani, Freiburg i.Br. / Munich: Karl Alber, 4 1999 (study edition). ISBN 978-3-495-47883-7
  • The time and the other . Translated and with an afterword by Ludwig Wenzler, Hamburg: Felix Meiner, 2003. ISBN 3-7873-1631-0 (First published in 1948 in the anthology Le Choix, le Monde, l´Existence . French new edition 1979.)
  • Humanism of the other person . Translated and provided with an introduction by Ludwig Wenzler, Hamburg: Felix Meiner, 1989.
  • Beyond being or other than being happens . Translated from the French by Thomas Wiemer, Freiburg i.Br. / Munich: Karl Alber, 2 1998 (study edition). ISBN 978-3-495-47901-8 (Original: Autrement qu'être ou au-delà de l'essence , 1974)
  • Kuno Lorenz : Dialogical Constructivism. de Gruyter, Berlin, New York 2009 ISBN 978-3-11-020310-3 .

Overall representations

  • Carl Friedrich Gethmann : I. In: Mittelstraß (Hrsg.): Encyclopedia Philosophy and Philosophy of Science. Volume 3, Metzler Stuttgart Weimar 2008. P. 497 ff
  • Friedrich Vosskühler, editor: I. In: Hans Jörg Sandkühler : Encyclopedia Philosophy. Volume 2, Meiner, Hamburg 2010, p. 1019 ff
  • Christoph von Wolzüge : Dialogue Philosophy. In: Religion Past and Present . 4th edition. Volume 2, Tübingen 1999, Sp. 822-825.
  • Siegfried Blasche: Another one. In: Jürgen Mittelstraß (Hrsg.): Encyclopedia Philosophy and Philosophy of Science. Volume 1, Metzler Stuttgart Weimar 2005.
  • Carl Friedrich Gethmann, Kuno Lorenz : Philosophy, dialogical. In: Mittelstraß (Hrsg.): Encyclopedia Philosophy and Philosophy of Science. Volume 6, Metzler Stuttgart Weimar 2016.
  • Hans-Peter Krüger : Communication / communicative action. 2.3 In: Hans Jörg Sandkühler : Encyclopedia Philosophy. Volume 2, Meiner, Hamburg 2010, p. 1262
  • Bernhard Waldenfels: Other / otherness / otherness. In: Hans Jörg Sandkühler: Encyclopedia Philosophy. Volume 1, Meiner, Hamburg 2010, p. 88 ff

Secondary literature

  • Hermann Levin Goldschmidt : Philosophy as Dialogic . Aehren, Affoltern am Albis, 1948
  • Nathan Rotenstreich : Reasons and limits of Martin Buber's dialogical thinking. In: PA Schilpp u. M. Friedman (Ed.). Martin Buber. Stuttgart 1963
  • Bernhard Casper : The dialogical thinking. Franz Rosenzweig, Ferdinand Ebner and Martin Buber- 1967; revised and expanded new edition. Verlag Karl Alber, Freiburg / Munich 2002. ISBN 978-3-495-47933-9
  • Willi Goetschel : Dialogics as a critical model: image and word with Edith Moos and Hermann Levin Goldschmidt. In: Hermann Levin Goldschmidt, Edith Moos: Mein 1933. Passagen, Vienna 2008, pp. 107–142.
  • Jochanan Bloch : Die Aporie des Du, problems of Martin Buber's dialogue. Heidelberg 1977.
  • Elisabeth Bolay-Vinzens: On Martin Buber's philosophy of dialogue. Possibility and reality of dialogical relationship in Martin Buber's work "Ich und Du". 1988.
  • Rivka Horwitz : Ebner and Buber, Rosenzweig and Ehrenberg. In: Walter Methlagl et al. (Ed.): Against the dream of the mind. Contributions to the symposium. Gablitz 1981, Salzburg 1985, pp. 97-105.
  • Joachim Israel : Martin Buber. Dialogue philosophy in theory and practice. 1995.
  • Matthew I. Nwoko: Philosophy as a responsible dialogue. An examination of Buber's philosophy of dialogue and Lévinas' theory of responsibility. 1999.
  • Jürgen Habermas : The inclusion of the other. Studies on political theory , Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1996, ISBN 3-518-29044-4 .
  • Kuno Lorenz: Introduction to Philosophical Anthropology. Darmstadt 1990, ISBN 3-534-04879-2 .
  • Bernhard Waldenfels : The other, the stranger.  (=  The blue rider. Journal for Philosophy . No. 39). Verlag der Blaue reiter, Hannover 2017, ISBN 978-3-933722-50-8 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rolf Gröschner, Dialogik und Jurisprudenz, 1982; ders., Dialogik des Rechts, 2013.