Dichlone

Structural formula
General
Surname	Dichlone
other names	2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone; 2,3-dichloronaphthalene-1,4-dione; Dichlone; Phygon;
Molecular formula	C 10 H 4 Cl 2 O 2
Brief description	yellow crystals
External identifiers / databases
EC number	204-210-5
ECHA InfoCard	100,003,828
PubChem	8342
Wikidata	Q3026530
properties
Molar mass	227.04 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	193 ° C (sublimed)
Vapor pressure	0.000147 Pa (25 ° C)
solubility	practically insoluble in water
safety instructions
H and P phrases	H: 302-319-315-410
	P: 273-305 + 351 + 338-501
Toxicological data	160 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral ) ; 5000 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rabbit , transdermal ) ;
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Dichlone is a chemical compound from the quinone group . Dichlon was used as a broad-spectrum fungicide and algicide for underwater paints , but has since been superseded.

Extraction and presentation

Dichlone can be obtained by chlorinating naphthalene , then reacting it with water and nitric acid and chlorinating it again.

Alternatively, production from 1,4-naphthoquinone is also possible.

Admission

The active ingredient dichlone cannot be used as an active ingredient in plant protection products in the European Union . In Germany, Austria and Switzerland, no pesticides with this active ingredient are permitted.

Individual evidence

^ Pesticide Management Education Program (PMEP): dichlone (Phygon, Quintar) Chemical Profile 2/85
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d S. D. Gangolli: The Dictionary of Substances and Their Effects (box): D . Royal Society of Chemistry, 1999, ISBN 0-85404-818-9 , pp. 239 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Entry on dichlone in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 1, 2016(JavaScript required) .
↑ Entry on Dichlone in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on August 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
↑ ^a ^b Thomas A. Unger: Pesticide Synthesis Handbook . William Andrew, 1996, ISBN 0-8155-1853-6 , pp. 966 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ Regulation (EC) No. 2076/2002 of the Commission of November 20, 2002 (PDF) extending the deadline according to Article 8 (2) of Council Directive 91/414 / EEC and on the non-inclusion of certain active substances in Annex I of this Directive and the revocation of the approval of plant protection products with these active substances.
^ Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety of the European Commission: Entry on dichlones in the EU pesticide database ; Entry in the national registers of plant protection products in Switzerland , Austria and Germany ; accessed on February 18, 2016.

[1] Pesticide Management Education Program (PMEP): dichlone (Phygon, Quintar) Chemical Profile 2/85

[Gangolli-2] S. D. Gangolli: The Dictionary of Substances and Their Effects (box): D . Royal Society of Chemistry, 1999, ISBN 0-85404-818-9 , pp. 239 .

[GESTIS-3] Entry on dichlone in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 1, 2016(JavaScript required) .

[CLP_100.003.828-4] Entry on Dichlone in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on August 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .

[unger-5] Thomas A. Unger: Pesticide Synthesis Handbook . William Andrew, 1996, ISBN 0-8155-1853-6 , pp. 966 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[6] Regulation (EC) No. 2076/2002 of the Commission of November 20, 2002 (PDF) extending the deadline according to Article 8 (2) of Council Directive 91/414 / EEC and on the non-inclusion of certain active substances in Annex I of this Directive and the revocation of the approval of plant protection products with these active substances.

[PSM-7] Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety of the European Commission: Entry on dichlones in the EU pesticide database ; Entry in the national registers of plant protection products in Switzerland , Austria and Germany ; accessed on February 18, 2016.