Dietrich Erzberger

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The seat of the bank Erzberger & Schmid, later Erzberger & Sons in Augsburg, Maximilianstrasse 59
Partial bond from Count Festetics from 1828 with a copy of the deposit certificate from the Erzberger & Schmid bank

Dietrich Erzberger (born August 15, 1779 in Basel , † February 14, 1850 in Augsburg ) was a German banker of Swiss descent.

biography

family

Erzberger was born as the son of the Basel cook Dietrich Erzberger and his wife Anna Catharina, nee. Bolly, from a humble background. On October 22nd, 1804 he married Johanna (called Jeanette) Catharina Barbara von Schüle, a daughter of the Augsburg calico manufacturer Johann Heinrich von Schüle and his wife Catharina Barbara, born in Augsburg . Cristell. There were seven children from this marriage.

Commercial activity

Erzberger began his commercial career in Basel and continued it at a Strasbourg trading company . In 1800 he took on a job at the up-and-coming Augsburg calico manufacturer Wohnlich & Frölich .

Through his marriage to a manufacturer's daughter, Erzberger succeeded in advancing into the economic middle class. It is certainly no coincidence that he started his own trading business a few days after the wedding. The bride's dowry may have been his start-up capital. On November 1, 1804, Erzberger & Co. opened , a company that included Erzberger Jacob Friedrich Schmid senior, a friend from Basel days, and Carl Joseph Wollmuth. After Wollmuth left the company, the two remaining shareholders continued the business from February 5, 1810 under the company Erzberger & Schmid . The fact that Erzberger had been the main shareholder from the beginning is indicated by the company name and that he was one of the 10 highest taxed citizens of Augsburg as early as 1830, although the son and heir of his partner Jacob Friedrich Benedict Schmid jun., Who died in 1824, was not even below appears to the 20 highest taxed persons, although the deceased partner had also left behind an impressive fortune.

Little is known about the company's business in the early years. The company seems to have flourished. As early as 1817, Erzberger had a fortune that enabled him to build a sizable estate , the "Gartengut auf dem Rosenaufeld", on a large plot of land in front of Gögginger Tor , between today's Gögginger Strasse and Rosenauberg .

In 1828 the bank had already acquired such a good name nationwide that it invited third parties to abuse it. Count Cároly Albert von Festetics from Ödenburg deposited a debt security of 2 million guilders, which was not insignificant for the time, with the wholesale house Erzberger & Schmid through a third-party institution and tried to create the impression that he had fraudulently by adding copies of the deposit slip to the partial bonds borrowed from Erzberger & Schmid . The bank, which had to fear for its reputation, pointed out several times that its name had been used without authorization.

In 1830 the private bank was called the exchange house. At that time, Augsburg was considered an excellent place for money and exchange trading with the various German currencies. In addition to pure banking, Erzberger & Schmid also seems to have carried out trading and brokerage, as is not unusual for Augsburg banks.

When the Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechselbank was founded , the newly designed credit institution's focus on real estate loans met with resistance from numerous Augsburg bankers. They unsuccessfully demanded that the usual and more profitable mobile loans and public finance should be given a higher priority. When the subscription period for the shares of the newly founded bank ended on January 24, 1835, various Augsburg institutes, including Erzberger & Schmid , had not subscribed to any shares . The majority of the shares were in Munich hands. As a result, Munich was set as the seat of the institute. In the historic Augsburg financial center, initially viewed as damage to the new banking institution, it should, however, become apparent in the medium term that this development would make Augsburg as a banking location irrelevant.

On May 31, 1835, the economist Friedrich List gave a lecture on a German railway network in the Hotel Drei Mohren in Augsburg . Immediately thereafter, a committee of merchants and bankers was formed, which on July 31, 1835, submitted a petition to King Ludwig I, proposing private railway lines that would connect Augsburg with the most important national and international trading centers. Erzberger was also one of the signatories. The government initially approved the establishment of the Munich-Augsburger-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft in the legal form of a stock corporation with a share capital of 2.2 million guilders for the route from Munich to Augsburg . The shares could be subscribed without having to invest any capital immediately. Erzberger subscribed to shares with a nominal value of 145,000 guilders and thus had one of the highest holdings in the company. Although the construction costs were not yet fixed, the rights certificates were already being traded at a premium of 25% at the beginning of 1836. However, Erzberger was still committed to the railway company at this point in time. On the occasion of the first general meeting of the stock corporation, he was named as a function holder. However , he did not receive the desired supervisory board post, but was only elected to the deputy supervisory board.

In 1837, on the initiative of the Augsburg banker Ferdinand Benedikt Freiherr von Schaezler, the mechanical cotton spinning and weaving mill, which is important for Augsburg's economic development, was founded. Within the German Customs Union , this was one of the few stock corporations that did not belong to heavy industry . The share capital of 1.2 million guilders was subscribed by 47 well-funded interested parties within just three weeks. The bank Erzberger & Schmid had signed the largest amount with 107,000 guilders .

In 1849 Jacob Friedrich Benedict Schmid junior left. from the private bank Erzberger & Schmid to found the banking house Friedrich Schmid & Co. Erzberger & Schmid then changed its name to Erzberger & Co. and later to Erzberger & Sons . Dietrich Erzberger's sons Karl Albert Dietrich Erzberger and Hermann Friedrich Erzberger had already joined the bank around 1845 . After Dietrich Erzberger's death, his son Albert Erzberger took over the management of the bank, who also received the bank building at Maximilianstrasse 59 and Dominikanergasse 6 as part of the inheritance . Albert and Hermann Erzberger received the garden property on the Rosenaufeld in front of the Gögginger Tor in equal parts. After Albert Erzberger had initially successfully managed his father's company, a liquidity bottleneck led to the opening of bankruptcy proceedings on the assets of Erzberger & Sons on February 8, 1882 .

Honorary positions

Erzberger volunteered as a member of the council of community representatives. In addition, from 1826 at the latest, as chairman of the chamberlain, he was a leading member of the Augsburg merchants' room , a forerunner of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry.

In 1822, on the initiative of Johann Lorenz Freiherr von Schaezler , several Augsburg banks founded the non-profit Augsburg savings fund as a private law association. With the death of the initiator, the bankruptcy of Carli & Comp. and the liquidation of the Wohnlich & Froelich banking house threatened the end of the re-establishment five years later. In this emergency, the Augsburg private bankers Johann Lorenz Freiherr von Schaezler jun., Christian von Froelich & Sons , Lotzbeck & Comp. Took over in addition to the remaining club member Johann Gottlieb Freiherr von Süßkind . and Erzberger & Schmid are the sponsors of the association. However, when the government debt repayment commission reduced the interest rate for the investment of the savings bank money in 1829, they had to hand this task over to the municipal authorities so that the previous interest payments could be guaranteed to the investors.

In addition, Erzberger committed for the orphanage , which he presided for 22 years and that he in his will with a bequest gave.

military service

In 1813, Erzberger was a lieutenant in a fusilier company of the infantry regiment of the city of Augsburg in the Bavarian National Guard . After the conversion of the National Guard into a militia , he was in 1818 Captain of the Füsilierkompanie Landwehr Regiment of the city.

literature

  • Annual report of the directorate of the Munich-Augsburger Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft on the entire construction management of the railway from Munich to Augsburg, submitted at the first general meeting of the shareholders on December 29th and 30th, 1840, including the negotiations of this meeting. With a tarpaulin and length leveling of the track . Printed by Georg Franz, Munich 1840, p. 11 ff. Digitized
  • Johannes Burkhardt (Ed.): Augsburg trading houses in the course of historical judgment. Colloquia Augustana. Vol. 3. Academie Verlag GmbH, Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-05-002653-7 , p. 136 f. Digitized
  • Anton Josef Liebl: The private railway Munich - Augsburg (1835 - 1844). Origin, construction and operation. A contribution to the structural analysis of the early industrialization of Bavaria . Miscellanea Bavarica Monacensia, vol. 103. Verlag des Stadtarchivs, Munich 1982, ISBN 3-87821-175-9 , p. 92 ff.
  • Frank Möller: Civil rule in Augsburg 1790-1880 . In: City and Bourgeoisie . Vol. 9. R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-486-56387-4 , p. 112 ff. Digitized
  • Friedrich Schmid: Jakob Friedrich and Paul Schmid . In: Life pictures from Bavarian Swabia. Publications of the Swabian Research Association at the Commission for Bavarian State History . Volume 4. Max Hueber Verlag, Munich 1955, p. 360 ff.
  • Publishing house Bernh. Friedr. Voigt: New necrology of the Germans . Vol. 28 (1950), part 1. Printing and publishing house Bernh. Friedr. Voigt, Weimar 1952, p. 119 f. Digitized

Web links

  • Amelie Lanier: The partial bonds . Seeligmann's fraudulent bond deals . In: The credit system of Hungary in the pre-March period. 1995, accessed on June 6, 2017 (German).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Intelligence sheet of the Royal. Bayer. City of Augsburg of February 23, 1850. No. 16. p. 100.
  2. ^ Verlag Bernh. Friedr. Voigt (Ed.): New Nekrolog der Deutschen . Vol. 28 (1850), part 1. Printing and publishing house Bernh. Friedr. Voigt, Weimar 1852, p. 119 f .
  3. ↑ The year of death 1851 mentioned in Voigt's head of his necrology contradicts the year of the volume and the year of death mentioned in the text as well as the contemporary source Intelligence-Blatt der Königl. Bayer. City of Augsburg of February 23, 1850. No. 16. P. 100. It is a clear mistake.
  4. ^ Frank Möller: Bourgeois rule in Augsburg 1790-1880 . In: City and Bourgeoisie . tape 9 . R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-486-56387-4 , p. 118 f .
  5. ↑ Christoph Metzger / Sarah Babin: Discoveries. 19th century painting from the holdings of the art collections and museums in Augsburg. Catalog for the exhibition of the Augsburg art collections and museums in the Schaezlerpalais from November 11, 2008 to April 5, 2009 . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-422-06840-7 , 31.
  6. ^ Verlag Bernh. Friedr. Voigt (Ed.): New Nekrolog der Deutschen . Vol. 28 (1850), part 1. Printing and publishing house Bernh. Friedr. Voigt, Weimar 1852, p. 119 f .
  7. ^ A b c Friedrich Schmid: Jakob Friedrich and Paul Schmid . In: Life pictures from Bavarian Swabia. Publications of the Swabian Research Association at the Commission for Bavarian State History . tape 4 . Max Hueber Verlag, Munich 1955, p. 360 ff .
  8. ^ Frank Möller: Bourgeois rule in Augsburg 1790-1880 . In: City and Bourgeoisie . tape 9 . R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-486-56387-4 , p. 112 .
  9. ↑ Franz Häußler: Augsburg's green island. Stadtgarten and Wittelsbacher Park. (PDF) Context Verlag, Augsburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-939645-48-1 . 2012, p. 5 , accessed June 6, 2017 .
  10. ↑ Representations of the Erzberger'schen country estate by the monogramist I. St. or by Franz Thomas Weber see: Christoph Metzger / Sarah Babin: Entdeckungen. 19th century painting from the holdings of the art collections and museums in Augsburg. Catalog for the exhibition of the Augsburg art collections and museums in the Schaezlerpalais from November 11, 2008 to April 5, 2009. Deutscher Kunstverlag 2008, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-422-06840-7 , no. 31 f.
  11. ↑ Augsburger Allgemeine Zeitung of October 14, 1828. No. 288. S. 1151.
  12. ↑ Augsburger Allgemeine Zeitung of October 15, 1828. No. 289. S. 1156.
  13. ↑ Augsburger Allgemeine Zeitung of November 4, 1828. No. 309. P. 2236.
  14. ↑ Intelligence sheet of the royal. Bayer. Oberdonau district of May 31, 1830. No. 22. P. 720 f.
  15. ↑ Amelie Lanier: The partial bonds. Seeligmann's fraudulent bond deals. In: The credit system of Hungary in the pre-March period. 1995, accessed June 6, 2017 .
  16. ^ Intelligence sheet of the Royal. Bayer. City of Augsburg from June 9, 1830. No. 193. S. 213 ff.
  17. ↑ Augsburger Allgemeine Zeitung of May 5, 1833. No. 125. Extraordinary supplement No. 166 and 167. P. 668.
  18. ^ A b Frank Möller: Bourgeois rule in Augsburg 1790-1880 . In: City and Bourgeoisie . tape 9 . R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-486-56387-4 , p. 140 ff .
  19. ↑ Annual report of the directorate of the Munich-Augsburger Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft on the entire construction of the railway from Munich to Augsburg, submitted in the first general meeting of the shareholders on December 29th and 30th, 1840 together with the negotiations of this meeting. With a tarpaulin and length leveling of the track. Printed by Georg Franz, Munich 1840, p. 11 ff .
  20. ↑ Bayreuther Zeitung of January 6, 1841. No. 5. p. 17.
  21. ↑ Departure into the industrial age . In: Claus Grimm (Ed.): Publications on Bavarian history and culture . tape 2 , essays on the economic and social history of Bavaria 1750-1850. Verlag R. Oldenbourg, Munich 1985, ISBN 3-486-52721-5 , p. 301 .
  22. ^ Anton Josef Liebl: The private railway Munich - Augsburg (1835 - 1844). Origin, construction and operation. A contribution to the structural analysis of the early industrialization of Bavaria. Inaugural dissertation to obtain a doctorate in philosophy at the Ludwig Maximilian University in Munich . Typewritten, Munich 1982, p. 95 .
  23. ^ Frank Möller: Bourgeois rule in Augsburg 1790-1880 . In: City and Bourgeoisie . tape 9 . R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-486-56387-4 , p. 340 .
  24. ^ Peter Fassl: Denomination, Economy and Politics. From imperial city to industrial city. Augsburg 1750-1850 . In: Treatises on the history of the city of Augsburg . tape 32 . Verlag Jan Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1988, ISBN 978-3-7995-6942-2 , p. 265 .
  25. ↑ Augsburg Latest News of February 13, 1863. Volume 2, No. 44, p. 450.
  26. ^ Intelligence sheet of the Royal. Baier. District capital Augsburg from November 20, 1824. No. 92, p. 394.
  27. ^ Intelligence sheet of the Royal. Bayer. District capital Augsburg from September 4, 1830. No. 70, p. 324.
  28. ↑ Intelligence sheet of the royal. Bayer. Oberdonaukreis from December 23, 1833. No. 55. Col. 1714.
  29. ^ Intelligence sheet of the Royal. Bayer. City of Augsburg of September 3, 1842. No. 71, p. 398.
  30. ↑ Joh. Andr. Brinhaußer's widow (ed.): Augsburg address and lighting calendar for the common year 1826 of 365 days . Printing and publishing company Joh. Andr. Brinhaußer's widow, Augsburg 1826, p. 73 .
  31. ^ Verlag Bernh. Friedr. Voigt (Ed.): New Nekrolog der Deutschen . Vol. 28 (1850), part 1. Printing and publishing house Bernh. Friedr. Voigt, Weimar 1852, p. 119 f .
  32. ^ Intelligence sheet of the Royal. Bayer. District capital Augsburg from June 2, 1830. No. 43, p. 205.
  33. ^ Anniversary exhibition "150 Years of Sparkasse Friedberg". Stadtsparkasse Augsburg, 2015, p. 6 f , accessed on June 7, 2017 .
  34. ^ Intelligence sheet of the Royal. Bayer. District capital Augsburg from June 30, 1827. No. 51, p. 221.
  35. ↑ Augsburger Tagblatt of October 5, 1850. No. 273. P. 1353.
  36. ↑ Liponsky: Nazional Guard Almanac for the Kingdom of Bavaria 1813 . Printing and publishing house Alois Attenkover, Ingolstadt 1813, p. 281 .
  37. ^ Dannheimer (Ed.): Address manual for the Ober-Donau-Kreis 1818 . Printing and publishing house Dannheimer, Kempten 1818, p. 227 .
personal data
SURNAME Erzberger, Dietrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German banker in Augsburg
DATE OF BIRTH August 15, 1779
PLACE OF BIRTH Basel
DATE OF DEATH February 14, 1850
Place of death augsburg