Dietrich von Schönenberg

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Family coat of arms
Grave slab of the brother in the collegiate church Kyllburg
Jan Luyken : Execution of the Anabaptists in Alzey, 1529

Dietrich von Schönenberg , often also Schönenburg or Schönberg (* around 1480, probably at Hartelstein Castle near Schwirzheim ; † November 10, 1542 in Heidelberg ) was a nobleman in the service of the Electoral Palatinate .

Origin and family

He was the son of the country nobleman Philipp von Schönenberg, Herr zu Hartelstein and his wife Elisabeth born. von der Leyen .

His brother Johann Joachim Schoenberg served as Kurtrierer bailiff to Kyllburg and Schönecken , also as Kurpfälzer bailiff in Stromberg and his grave disk is in the Collegiate Church Kyllburg received. Two sons of this brother became bishops: Johann von Schönenberg († 1599) Archbishop and Elector of Trier , Georg von Schönenberg († 1595) Prince-Bishop of Worms .

Dietrich von Schönenberg married Anna von Dalberg in 1522 , daughter of Wolf von Dalberg and his wife Elisabeth Vetzer von Geispitzheim, and granddaughter of Alzey Burgrave Eberhard Vetzer von Geispitzheim († 1520). The daughter Anna emerged from the marriage, married to Reichard Greiffenklau zu Vollrads .

Live and act

Between 1520 and 1531 Dietrich von Schönenberg appears as Burgrave of Alzey and senior magistrate of the same-named senior agency . Here he distinguished himself through severity and cruelty towards the Anabaptists . Due to the Anabaptist mandate of 1529 issued by the Diet in Speyer , which prescribed the death penalty for members of this faith without prior investigation by a spiritual court, he had more than 300 of them arrested and executed in Alzey that same year. The men were beheaded, the women drowned, in less severe cases their fingers were cut off or branded . The imperial law provided severe penalties for officials who did not persecute Anabaptists and execute them. There is an impressive engraving of the Alzeyer massacre by Jan Luyken (1685), which is not a contemporary document, but was made more than 100 years after the event.

In the Palatinate Peasants' War Dietrich von Schönenberg was horseman in 1525 . In 1540 he was promoted to Marshal of the Electoral Palatinate . In 1541 he represented the Electoral Palatinate at the Reichstag in Regensburg , and in 1542 at the Reichstag in Nuremberg .

From 1530 until his death he is named as the successor of his brother Johann Joachim as Electoral Palatinate bailiff in Stromberg . In this position, his son-in-law Reichard Greiffenklau followed him to Vollrads .

Schönenberg died on the evening of November 10, 1542 in Heidelberg and was buried there. The grave inscription has survived, but not the location of the burial. The contemporary Hutterite Ambrosius Resch († 1592) reports that Dietrich von Schönenberg suddenly died while having dinner with Elector Ludwig V.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Website of Hartelstein Castle
  2. ^ Website of the brother's grave slab in the Kyllburg collegiate church
  3. ↑ Detlev Schwennicke: European family tables. Family tables on the history of the European states . New series, vol. 9: Families from the Middle and Upper Rhine and from Burgundy . Marburg 1986. Without ISBN, plate 55.
  4. ↑ Samuel Geiser: The baptismal congregations in the context of general church history , Verlag Christian Schmutz, Courgenay, 1971, p. 252; (Detail scan)
  5. ↑ Johannes Kühn (arrangement): German Reichstag files under Emperor Karl V , Volume VII, 2nd half volume, Göttingen 1963, p. 1325 f.
  6. ^ Bavarian Academy of Sciences : The Reichstag in Nuremberg, 1542 , Verlag Oldenbourg, 2010, ISBN 3486587331 , p. 9 u. 963; (Detail scans)
  7. ^ Johann Goswin Widder : Attempt for a complete geographical-historical description of the Electoral Palatinate on the Rheine , Volume 3, p. 344, Frankfurt, 1787; (Digital scan)
  8. ^ Renate Neumüllers-Klauser: The inscriptions of the city and the district of Heidelberg , Verlag Druckermüller, 1970, p. 131; (Detail scan)
  9. ↑ Manfred Krebs: Sources for the history of the Anabaptists , Volume 4: Baden and Pfalz , Bertelsmann Verlag, Gütersloh, 1951, p. 141 u. 142; (Digital scan)
personal data
SURNAME Schönenberg, Dietrich von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schönenburg, Dietrich von; Schönberg, Dietrich von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Nobleman in the service of the Electoral Palatinate, burgrave and chief magistrate
DATE OF BIRTH around 1480
DATE OF DEATH November 10, 1542
Place of death Heidelberg