Dmitri Vladimirovich Golitsyn
Dmitry Golitsyn ( Russian Дмитрий Владимирович Голицын even Golitsyn , Galitzine or Gallazin * 29 October 1771 at Volokolamsk , Russian empire ; † 27. March 1844 in Paris ) was a Russian cavalry general and from 1820 until his death governor general of Moscow .
Life
Dmitri Golitzyn came as the son of Prince Vladimir Borissowitsch Golitsyn and Natalja Petrovna Golitsyna , nee. Tschernyschowa in the village of Jaropoletz near Wolokolamsk.
Early military career
On July 14, 1774, he joined the Guard Regiment as a flag junior . From 1782 to 1786 he studied together with his older brother Boris Vladimirovich at the Protestant University of Strasbourg . On December 11, 1785, he moved to the Guard Cavalry Regiment as an ensign, where he was promoted to cornet on January 1, 1786 and second lieutenant on January 1, 1788 . After studying again with his brother Boris for a long time at the Paris military school, he was appointed lieutenant on January 1, 1789 . In the same year the brothers returned to Russia, and Dimitri subsequently entered the service of the mounted bodyguard regiment. On January 1, 1791, he received the rank of captain and in the Polish campaign of 1794 he received his baptism of fire. For his work in the conquest of the Warsaw suburb Praga he received the Order of St. George 4th class. On May 2, 1797 he was promoted to colonel and on August 5, 1798 to major general. From October 21 to December 1, 1800 he served as the Cavalry Inspector of the Livonian Military District and on August 21, 1800 he was promoted to Lieutenant General.
In the coalition wars
After participating in the campaigns during the Third Coalition War (1805), he was appointed commander of the 4th Infantry Division in the summer of 1806 and took part in the fighting in Poland. On December 14, 1806, he commanded the vanguard of the Buxhöwden Corps at the Battle of Golymin . After he had successfully repulsed the attacks of the superior forces of Marshals Murat and Augereau for a long time, his troops managed to escape the French persecution. From December 1806 he commanded the left wing cavalry of the Russian army. On January 21, 1807 he was awarded the Order of Saint George 3rd Class for this act of arms. In the battle of Preussisch-Eylau (February 1807) he commanded the entire cavalry of the Russian army. He proved to be a brilliant rider leader who also distinguished himself under Benningsen in the battles of Guttstadt (June 6th), Heilsberg (June 10th) and Friedland (June 14th). During the retreat of the Russian troops to Tilsit , he was given command of the rearguard of the army. He then fought in the Finland campaign of (1808/09). In February 1809, General Barclay de Tolly was appointed to lead the operation to cross the ice of the Gulf of Bothnia. Prince Golitsyn, who was waiting for this position, defiantly resigned and had to be discharged from the army on April 8th. He spent his middle class life on a trip to Germany for the next few years, where he attended lectures at various universities.
Golitzyn could only return to the army in August 1812 after Prince MI Kutuzov had been appointed commander in chief. He was appointed commander of the 1st cuirassier corps (1st and 2nd cuirassier divisions) and took part in the Battle of Shevardino on September 5, 1812 and two days later in the Battle of Borodino , where he steadfastly took part in French attacks on the Semjonow Schanze and struck off at the Rajewski battery. After Moscow was evacuated, Golitzyn was in command of one of the two army columns going back to Tarutino. On October 6, 1812 there was a meeting with Murat's cavalry on the Chernyshe River, who tried to break through the road to Kaluga . During the campaign from 1813-1814 he commanded the Cavalry Reserve Corps in the Bohemian Army , with which he took part in the battles of Lützen , Bautzen , Dresden and Kulm . During the Battle of Leipzig from October 16 to 19, 1813, he led not only the Russian cavalry but also parts of the heavy Austrian and Prussian cavalry against the French troops. In the spring campaign of 1814 his troops fought in the battle of Brienne , Fère-Champenoise and took part in the capture of Paris , on April 2nd, 1814, he was promoted to the rank of cavalry general.
post war period
In 1813, after the death of his older brother Boris, he inherited his estate near Vyazma near Moscow. After the war, he commanded the 1st Reserve Cavalry Corps from 1815-1818 and commanded the 2nd Infantry Corps from 1818-1820. In 1822 he became an honorary member of the sciences at the St. Petersburg Academy. On January 6, 1820, Tsar Alexander I appointed him Moscow military governor, and from October 31, 1821, he also served as a member of the State Council there. Golitzyn ruled Moscow for almost 24 years until his death in 1844 and used a lot of strength and energy to restore the city after the Great Fire. He died in Paris in 1844 and was buried in Moscow's Donskoy Monastery .
literature
- Отечественная война 1812 года: Биографический словарь. (The Patriotic War of 1812: Biographical Dictionary) Росвоенцентр; Кучково поле; Росспэн, Moscow 2011. p. 95 ISBN 978-5-9950-0171-3
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Burghersh, John Fane: Memoirs on the operations of the allied armies under Prince Schwarzenberg and Field Marshal Blücher during the end of 1813 and 1814 . Translated by JW Schreiber. Berlin, 1844, p. 192
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Golitzyn, Dmitri Vladimirovich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Голицын, Дмитрий Владимирович (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian cavalry general |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 29, 1771 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | near Wolokolamsk |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 27, 1844 |
| Place of death | Paris |